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Taken on the
BATTLEFIELDS
During the
Civil War of the United States
By Mathew B. Brady and Alexander Gardner
Who operated under the Authority of the War Department and the Protection of the Secret Service
Rare Reproductions from Photographs Selected from Seven Thousand Original Negatives Taken under Most Hazardous
Conditions in the Midst of One of the Most Terrific Conflicts of Men that the World Has Ever
Known, and in the Earliest Days of Photography— These Negatives Have Been in
Storage Vaults for More than Forty Years and are now the
rttiai? (EflUrrttfltt of lE&war& latbg iEatntt
Valued at $150,000
FIRST PRESENTATION FROM THIS HISTORIC COLLECTION
MADE OFFICIALLY AND EXCLUSIVELY
BY THE OWNER
iSartfdrti. GJonttrrtirut
19Dr
COPYRIGHT 1907 BY E. U. EATON
COPIES OF THIS ALBUM MAY BE OBTAINED
BIT A REMITTANCE OF THREE DOLLARS TO
EDWARD B. EATON
HARTFORD. CONNECTICUT
PUBLISHER
Martyrs on Altar of Civilization
TI IIS is undoubtedly the most valuable collection
of historic photographs in America. It is be-
lieved to be the first time that the camera was
used so extensively and practically on the battle-field.
It is the first known collection of its size on the Western
Continent and it is the only witness of the scenes enacted
during the greatest crisis in the annals of the American
nation. As a contribution to history it occupies a position
that the higher art of painting, or scholarly research and
literal description, can never usurp. It records a tragedy
that neither the imagination of the painter nor the skill
of the historian can so dramatically relate.
The existence of this collection is unknown by the
public at large. Even while this book has been in pre-
paration eminent photographers have pronounced it im-
possible, declaring that photography was not sufficiently
advanced at that period to prove of such practical use
in War. Distinguished veterans of the Civil War have
informed me that they knew positively that there were
no cameras in the wake ot the army. This incredulity
of men in a position to know the truth enhances the
value of the collection inasmuch that its genuineness
is officially proven by the testimony of those who saw
the pictures taken, by the personal statement of the man
who took them, and by the Government Records. For
forty-two years the original negatives have been in storage,
secreted from public view, except as an occasional proof
is drawn for some special use. How these negatives came
to be taken under most hazardous conditions in the storm
and stress of a War that threatened to change the entire
history of the world is itself an interesting historical in-
cident. Moreover, it is one of the tragedies of genius.
While the clouds were gathering, which finally broke
FRANCIS TREVELYAN MILLER
Editor of the Journal of American History
MATHEW BRADY. FIRST WAR PHOTOGRAPHER IN AMERICA
He followed the Armies during the Civil War and secured these remark-
able Negatives— In conference with Major-General Burnside at the Head-
quarters of the Army of the Potomac near Richmond, Virginia- Brady
occupies the chair directly in front of the tree while General Burnside
is reading a newspaper — This picture was found among his negatives
into the Civil War in the United States, there died in
London one named Scott-Archer, a man who had found
one of the great factors in civilization, but died poor and
before his time because he had overstrained his powers in
the cause ot science. It was necessary to raise a sub-
scription for his widow, and the government settled upon
the children a pension of fifty pounds per annum on the
ground that their father was " the discoverer of a scienti-
fic process of great value to the nation, from which the
inventor had reaped little or no benefit "
This was in 1 857, and four years later, when the
American Republic became rent by a conflict of brother
against brother, Mathew B. Brady of Washington and
New York, asked the permission of the Government
and the protection of the Secret Service to demonstrate
the practicability of Scott-Archer's discovery in the severest
test that the invention had ever been given. Brady was
an artist by temperament and gained his technical knowl-
edge of portraiture in the rendezvous ot Paris, lie had
been interested in the discoveries of Niepce and
Daguerre and Fox-Talbot along the crude lines of
photography but with the introduction of the collodion
process of Scott-Archer he accepted the science as a profes-
sion and, during twenty-five years of labor as a pioneer
photographer, took the likenesses of the political celebrities
of the epoch and of eminent men and women through-
out the country.
Brady's request was granted and he invested heavily in
cameras which were made specially for the hard usage of
warfare. These cameras were cumbersome and were
operated by what is known as the old wet-plate process,
requiring a dark room which was carried with them onto
the battle-fields. The experimental operations under
Brady proved so successful that they attracted the im-
mediate attention of President Lincoln, General Grant
and Allan Pinkerton, known as Major Allen and chief
of the Secret Service. Equipments were hurried to all
divisions of the great army and some of them found their
way into the Confederate ranks.
a^p 1
M-IE black art," by which
Brady secured these pho-
tographs, was as mysti-
fying as the work of a
magician. It required a knowledge
of chemistry and, considering the dif-
ficulties, one wonders how Brady had
courage to undertake it on the bat-
tle-field. He first immersed eighty
grains of cotton-wool in a mixture of
one ounce each of nitric and sulphuric
acids for fifteen seconds, washing
them in running water. The pyroxy-
lin was dissolved in a mixture of
equal parts of sulphuric ether and ab-
solute alcohol. This solution gave
him the ordinary collodion to which
he added iodide of potassium and a
little potassium bromide, lie then
poured the iodized collodion on a
clean piece of sheet glass and allowed
two or three minutes for the film to
set. The coated plate was taken into
a "dark room." which Brady carried
with him, and immersed for about a
minute in a bath of thirty grains of
silver nitrate to every ounce of water.
The plate was now sensitive to white
light and must be placed immediately
in the camera and exposed and devel-
oped within five minutes to get good
results, especially in the South during
the summer months. It was returned
to the dark room at once and devel-
oped by pouring over it a mixture of
water, one ounce; acetic acid, one
dram ; pyrogallic acid, three grains,
and "fixed" by soaking in a strong
solution of hyposulphite of soda or
cyanide of potassium. This photo-
graph shows Brady's "dark room" in
the Confederate lines southeast of
Atlanta, Georgia, shortly before the
battle of July 22. 1864. It is a fine
example of wet-plate photography.
THE secret never has been divulged. How Mr.
Brady gained the confidence of such men as Jeffer-
son Davis and General Robert E. Lee, and was
passed through the Confederate lines, may never be
known. It is certain that he never betrayed the con-
fidence reposed in him and that the negatives were not
used for secret service information, and this despite the
fact, that Allan Pinkerton and the Artist Brady were
intimate. Neither of these men had any idea of the
years which the conflict was to rage and Mr. Brady ex-
pended all his available funds upon paraphernalia. The
government was strained to its utmost resources in keep-
ing its defenders in food and ammunition. It was not
concerned in the development of a new science nor the
preservation of historical record. It faced a mighty foe
of its own blood. It must either fall or rise in a decisive
blow.
It was indeed a sorry time for an aesthete. Mr.
Brady was unable to secure money. His only recourse
was credit. This he secured from Anthony, who was
importing photographic materials into America and was
a founder of the trade on this continent. The next
obstacle was the securing of men competent to operate a
camera. Nearly every able-bodied man was engaged in
warfare. The science was new and required a knowledge
of chemistry. Brady was a man of speculative disposi-
tion and plunged into the apparently impossible under-
taking of preserving on glass the scenes of action during
one of the most tremendous conflicts that the world has
known. Pressing toward the firing-line, planting his
camera on the field almost before the smoke of artillery
and musket had cleared, he came out of the War
with his thousands of negatives, perpetuating scenes
that human eyes never expected to look upon again.
There can be but very few important movements that
failed to become imprinted on these glass records.
With the close of the War, Brady was in the direst
financial straits. He had spent every dollar of the
money accumulated in early portraiture and was heavily
in debt. Seven thousand of his negatives were sent to
New York as security for Anthony, his largest creditor.
The remaining six thousand negatives were placed in a
warehouse in Washington. Brady then began negotia-
tions for replenishing his funds by disposing of the prop-
erty. He exhibited proofs of his negatives in galleries
FIRST CAMERAS EVER USED ON THE BATTLEFIELD
One of Brady's Photograph Wagons in the wake of the Armyat Manassas
on the Fourth of July, in 1362— These mysterious canvas-covered wagons,
traveling under the protect ion of the Secret Service, aroused the curiosity
of the soldiers whose frequent queries "What is it?" soon earned for them
the epithet of the "What is it?" wagon— Found among Brady's negatives
of the New York Historical Society the year following
the cessation of the conflict. On the twenty-ninth of
January of that same year, 1866, the Council of the
National Academy of Design adopted a resolution in
which it acknowledged the value of the Brady collection
as a reliable authority for art and an important contribu-
tion to American history. It indorsed the proposal to
place the collection permanently with the New York
Historical Society. General Ulysses S. Grant had been
much interested in the work of Brady on the battlefield,
and in a letter written on February third, 1866, spoke of
it as "a collection of photographic views of battlefields
taken on the spot, while the occurrences represented were
taking place." General Grant added: "1 knew when many
of these representations were being taken and I can say
that the scenes are not only spirited and correct, but also
well-chosen. The collection will be valuable to the
student and artist of the present generation, but how much
more valuable it will be to future generations ? "
These were days of reconstruction. It was almost
impossible to interest men in matters not pertaining to
the re-establishment of Commerce and Trade. Brady
had spent twenty-live years in collecting the portraits of
distinguished personages and endeavored to dispose of
these to the Government. The joint committee on
libraries, on March third, 1871, recommended the pur-
chase of some two thousand portraits which they called:
"A National Collection of Portraits of Eminent Amer-
icans." The congressmen, however, faced problems too
great to allow them to give attention to pictorial art and
took no final action on the subject. In the meantime
Brady was unable to meet the bill for storage and the
negatives in Washington were offered at auction. Wil-
liam W. Belknap, the Secretary of War, was advised of
the conditions and in July, 1874, he paid the storage bill
and the negatives fell into possession of the Government.
The purchase was made at a public auction and the
Government bid was $2840 from money accumulated
by Provost Marshals and turned in to the Adjutant-
General at the close of the Civil War. The Government
Records fail to give a list of the negatives made either at
the time of the purchase or for many subsequent years.
The original voucher dated July 31st, 1874, is silent as
to the number of negatives received by the Government.
THIS photograph is selected
from the seven thousand neg-
atives left by Mathew U.
Brady, the celebrated govern-
ment photographer, as one of the most
valuable in existence. It seems to be
the first instance on the Western Con-
tinent, and possibly in the world, in
which a camera successfully imprint-
ed on glass the actual vision of a great
army in camp. While scenes such as
this are engraved on the memories of
the venerable warriors who partici-
pated in the terrific struggle this re-
markable negative preserves for all
ages the magnificent pageant of men,
who have offered their lives in de-
fense of their country, waiting for the
call to the battle-line. The photo-
graph was taken on a day in the mid-
dle of May in 1862 when the Army
of the Potomac was encamped at
Cumberland Landing on thePamunky
River. A hundred thousand men rest-
ed in this city of tents, in the seclusion
of the hills, eager to strike a blow for
the flag they loved, yet such was the
tragic stillness that one who recalls it
says that absolute quiet reigned
throughout the vast concourse like
the peace of the Sabbath-day. . On
every side were immense fields of
wheat, promising an abundant har-
vest, but trammeled under the feet of
the encroaching armies. Occasionally
the silence was broken by the strains
of a national song that swept from
tent to tent as the men smoked and
drowsed, fearless of the morrow.
The encampment covered many
square miles and this picture repre-
sents but one brigade on the old Cus-
tis place, near White House, which
became the estate of General Fitzhugb
Lee, the indomitable cavalry leader of
the Confederacy and an American pa-
triot during the later war with Spain.
The original negative, although now
forty-five years old. has required but
slight retouching in the background.
GENERAL JAMES A. GARFIELD was fully
acquainted with the conditions under which
the negatives were taken and the subsequent
impoverishment of Mathew Brady. He insisted that
something should be done for the man who risked
all he had in the world and through misfortune lost the
results of his labors. General Benjamin Butler, Congress-
man from Massachusetts, also felt the injustice, and on
his motion a paragraph was inserted in the Sundry Civil
Appropriation Bill for $25,000 "to enable the Secretary
of War to acquire a full and perfect title to the Brady
collection of photographs of the War." The business
element in Congress was inclined to question the material
value of the negatives. They were but little concerned
with the art value and the discussion became a matter of
business inventory. Generals Garfield and Butler in reply
to the economists declared: "'the commercial valve of the
entire collection is ,it least $ r 30,000." Ten years after
the War, but too late to save him a vistage of business
credit, the Government came to Brady's relief and on
April 1 c, 1875, the sum of $25,000 was paid to him.
During these years of waiting, Brady had been unable to
satisfy the demands of his creditors and an attachment
was placed on the negatives in stotage in New York.
Judgment was rendered to his creditor, Anthony, and the
negatives became his property.
Army officers who knew of the existence of the neg-
atives urged the Government to publish them as a part
of the Official Records of the War. The Government
s tated in reply: "The photographic views of the War
showing the battlefields, military divisions, fortifications,
etc., are among the most authentic and valuable records
of the Rebellion. The preservation of these interesting
records of the War is too important to be intrusted in
glass plates so easily destroyed by accident or design and
no more effective means than printing can be devised to
save them from destruction." While a few proofs were
taken for the purpose ot official records, the public still
remained unacquainted with the scenes so graphically
preserved. One who is acquainted with the conditions
says : " From different sources verbal and unofficial, it
was learned that quite a number of the negatives were
broken through careless handling by the employees of
the War Department." The negatives were transferred to
BRADY'S "WHAT IS IT?" IN THE CIVIL WAR
The Photographer's Headquarters at Cold Harbor, Virginia, in 1862,
wrere he had taken refuge to prepare his paraphernalia for a long
and hazardous journey— It was with much difficulty that the delicate glass
negatives were protected from breakage on these daring rides through
forests and heldsard proofs were taken at the first opportunity that offered
the War Records Office and placed under the careful super-
vision of Colonel R. N. Scott.
Twentv-five years ago, in 1882, Bierstadt, a chemist,
informed the Government: "The breakableness of the
glass and the fugitive character of photograph chemicals
will in short time obliterate all traces of the scenes these
represent. Unless they are reproduced in some permanent
form they will soon be lost." Fifty-two negatives were
sent to him and he reproduced six of these by a photo-
graphic mechanical process. The Government, however,
decided that the cost was prohibitive, the expense of
making the prints was seventy-five dollars a thousand
and would not allow any general circulation.
Honorable John C, Taylor, of Hartford, Connecticut,
a veteran of the Civil War, believed that the heroes of
the conflict should be allowed to look upon the scenes in
which they participated, and made a thorough investiga-
tion. Mr. Taylor is now Secretary of the Connecticut
Prison Association and Past Commander of Post No. 50,
Grand Army of the Republic. In relating his experi-
ences to me a few days ago he said : " I found the seven
thousand negatives in New York stored in an old garret.
Anthony, the creditor, had drawn prints from some ot
them and 1 purchased all that were in his possession. I
also made a deal with him to allow me to use the prints
exclusively. General Albert Ordway of the Loyal
Legion became acquainted with the conditions and, with
Colonel Rand ot Boston, he purchased the negatives
from Anthony who had a clear title through court pro-
cedure. I met these gentlemen and contracted to con-
tinue my arrangement with them for the exclusive use of
the prints. I finally purchased the Brady negatives
from General Ordway and Colonel Rand with the inten-
tion of .bringing them before the eyes of all the old soldiers
so that they might see that the lens had forever per-
petuated their struggle for the Union. The Government
collection had for nine years remained comparatively
neglected but through ordinary breakage, lax supervision,
and disregard of orders, nearly three hundred of their
negatives were broken or lost. To assist them in secur-
ing the prints for Government Records 1 loaned my seven
thousand negatives to the Navy Department and shipped
them to Washington where they were placed in a fire-
proof warehouse at 920 E Street, North West. I did all
that was possible to facilitate the important work."
THE lens here perpetuates the
interesting spectacle of an
army wagon train being
"parked" and guarded from
a raid by tile enemy's cavalry. With
a million of the nation's strongest men
abandoning production to wage de-
vastation and destruction the problem
of providing them with food barely
sufficient to sustain life was an almost
incalculable enigma. The able-bodied
men of the North and the South had
turned from the fields and factories
to maintain what both conscientiously
believed to be their rights. Har-
vests were left to the elements and
the wheels of industry fell into si-
lence. The good women and chil-
dren at home, aided by men willing
but unable to meet the hardships and
exposures of warfare, worked hero-
ically to hold their families together
and to send to their dear ones at the
battle-front whatever comforts came
within their humble power. The
supply trains of the great armies num-
bered thousands of six-mule teams
and when on the march they would
stretch out for many miles. It was in
May, in 1863, that one of these wagon
trains safely reached Brandy Station,
Virginia. Its journey had been one
of imminent danger as both armies
were in dire need of provisions and
the capture of a wagon train was as
good fortune as victory in a skirmish.
To protect this train from a desperate
dash of the Confederate cavalry it
was "parked" on the outskirts of a
finest that protected it from envious
eyes and guarded by the Union lines.
One of Mr. Brady's cameras took
this photograph during this critical
moment. It shows but one division
of one corps. As there were three
divisions in each corps, and there
were many corps in the army, some
idea of the immense size of the
trains may be gained by this view.
The train succeeded in reaching its
destination at a time of much need.
ENDEAVORS to reveal these negatives have been
futile as far as rank and file of the army
and the public at large are concerned. The
Government, as the years passed, became impressed
with the value of this wonderful record, but has now
officially stated with positive finality : "It is evident
that these in-
valuable neg-
atives are rapid-
ly disappearing
and in order to
insure their pre-
servation it is
ordered that
hereafter neg-
atives shall not
be loaned to
private parties
for exploitation
or to subserve
private interest
in any man-
ner."
The genius
Brady, in pos-
session of $25,-
000, w h i c h,
came from the
Government
too late to save
his property,
entirely lost track of his collection. Misfortune seemed
to follow him and his Government money was soon ex-
hausted. In speaking of him a few days ago, John N.
Stewart, Past Vice Commander of the Department of
Illinois, Grand Army of the Republic, told me : " I was
with the Army of the Potomac as telegraph operator. I
knew that views of battlefields were taken by men with
a cumbersome outfit as compared with the modern field
photographer. I have often wondered what became of
their product. I saw Mr. Brady in Washington, shortly
before his death, and I made inquiry of him as to the
whereabouts of his war scenes. I asked him if the neg-
atives were still in existence and where proofs could be
and of very slight physique. I should judge that he was
about five feet, six inches tall. He generally wore a
broad-brimmed hat similar to those worn by the art
students in Paris. His hair was long and bushy. The
last time I met him was about twenty-five years after the
War and he appeared to be a man of about sixty-five
years of age.
Despite his fin-
ancial reverses
he was still true
to his love for
art. 1 told him
that I owned
seven thousand
of his negatives
and?he seemed
to be pleased.
He became re-
miniscent and
among the
things that he
told me I es-
pecially
member
words :
one will
know
went
BRADY ON THE BATTLEFIELD OF G
the bloody "wheat field" — This picture shows
ETTYSBURG IN JULY 1863— The smoke of the terrific conflict had hardly cleared away when Brady's "What Is it" wagon rolled onto
Brady looking toward McPherson'a woods on the left of the Chambersburg Pike at the point near which the Battle of Gettysburg began
procured. He replied : ' / do not know ! ' The vast col-
lection must possess great value and be of remarkable
historical interest at this late date."
In talking with Mr. Taylor, in his office at the
State Capitol at Hartford, Connecticut, recently he
recalled his acquaintance with Brady, and said: "I met
him frequently. He was a man of artistic appearance
re-
these
'No
ever
what I
through
in securing
those neg-
atives. The
world can never appreciate it. It changed the whole
course of my life. By persistence and all the political
influence that I could control I finally secured per-
mission from Stanton, the Secretary of War, to go onto
the battlefields with my cameras. Some of those negatives
nearly cost me my life.'" Mr. Brady told Mr. Taylor
of his difficulty in finding men to operate his cameras.
"P
kINKERTON" is a name
associated with the discov-
ery of crime the world
over. It is a word shroud-
ed in mystery and through it works
one of the most subtle forces on the
face of the earth to-day. Sixty-five
years ago an unassuming man fled
from Scotland to America. It was
charged against him that he was a
chartist. Eight years later he was in
Chicago established in the detection
of crime. While the distant rumbles
of a Civil War were warning the na-
tion, he went to Washington and be-
came closely attached to President
Lincoln. When a plot was organized
to assassinate Lincoln in his first days
of the presidency, this strange man
discovered the murderous compact. It
was he who, in 1861, hurriedly organ-
ized the Secret Service of the National
Army and forestalled conspiracies
that threatened to overthrow the Re-
public. In speaking of himself he
once said: "Now that it is all over I
am tempted to reveal the secret. I
have had many intimate friends in the
army and in the government. They
all know Major E. J. Allen, but many
of them will never know that their
friend, Major Allen and Allan Pin-
kerton, are one and the same person."
To those who knew Major Allen this
picture is dedicated. It reveals Allan
Pinkerton divested of all mystery,
father of the great system that has
literally drawn a net around the world
into which all fugitive wrongdoers
must eventually fall. Under the
guise of Major Allen, chief of the Se-
cret Service in the Civil War, he was
passing through the camp at Antietam
one September day in 1862. He was
riding his favorite horse and care-
lessly smoking a cigar when one of
Mr. Brady's men called to him to halt
a moment while he took this picture.
BRADY said he always made two exposures of the
same scene, sometimes with a shift of the camera
which gave a slight change in the same general
view. He related several interesting incidents of his
early experiences in photography in America. It is
generally conceded that Mr. Brady should be recognized as
one of the great figures of the epoch in which he worked.
It is here my duty to record an
unfortunate incident that is not un-
usual in the annals of art and literature.
Brady's life, which seems to have been
burdened with more ill luck than the
ordinary lot of man, found little relief in
its venerable years. Misfortune followed
him to the very threshold of his last hour.
He died about eight years ago in New
York, with a few staunch friends,
but without money, and without public
recognition for his services to mankind.
Since Brady's death some of those who
knew and esteemed him have been inter-
ested in making a last endeavor to bring
his work before the world. Mr. Taylor has
worked unceasingly to accomplish this
result. The late Daniel S. Lamont, Sec-
retary of War in President Cleveland's
Cabinet, was much interested. Brigadier-
General A. W. Greeley, in supervisory
charge of the Government collection,
said : " This collection cost the United
States originally the sum of $27,840, and
it is a matter of general regret that these
invaluable reproductions of scenes and faces connected
with the late civil conflict should remain inaccessible to
the general public. The features of most of the per-
manent actors connected with the War for the Union
have been preserved in these negatives, where also are
portrayed certain physical aspects of the War that
are of interest and of historic value . . . graphic rep-
resentations of the greatest of American, if not of all, wars."
The Government, however, has stated positively that
their negatives must not be exploited for commercial pur-
poses. They are the historic treasures of the whole
people and the Government has justly refused to establish
a dangerous system of " special privilege " by granting
SECRET SERVICE GUIDE DIRECTING BRADY TO SCENE OF ACTION-Pointing towardthe edge of Ihe
woods where General Reynolds was killed at Gettysburg in July, 1863— Brady carried his cameras ontothis field
permission for publication to individuals. As the prop-
erty of the people the Government negatives are held in
sacred trust.
Mr. Edward B. Eaton, the first president of the
Connecticut Magazine, one of the leading historical
publications in this country, became interested in the his-
torical significance of the Brady collection and conferred
with the War Department at Washington about the Brady
negatives. He found that the only possible way to bring
the scenes before the public was through the private collec-
tion which not only includes practically all of the six
thousand Government negatives but is supplemented by
a thousand negatives not in the Government collection.
Mr. Johann Olsen of Hartford, who
was one of the first operators of the old
wet-plate process used by Brady, person-
ally examined many of the negatives in
storage in Washington and stated that some
action should be taken immediately. He
says: "Many of the negatives are under-
going chemical action which will soon
destroy them. Others are in a remark-
able state of preservation. I have found
among them some of the finest specimens
of photography that this country has ever
seen. The modern development of the
art is placed at a disadvantage when com-
pared with some of these wonderful neg-
atives. I do not believe that General
Garfield overestimated their value when
he said rhey were worth $150,000. I do
not believe that their value to American
History can be estimated in dollars. I
was personally acquainted with one of
Brady's men at the time these pictures
were taken and I know something of
the tremendous difficulties in securing
them." A few months ago Mr. Eaton
^lear title to the seven thousand Brady neg-
atives owned by Mr. Taylor with a full understanding
that he would immediately place the scenes before the
public. The delicate glass plates were fully protected
and removed from Washington to Hartford, where they
are today in storage in a fire-proof vault.
cured
THIS is conceded to be the most
characteristic photograph of
Lincoln ever taken. It shows
him on the battle-field, tow-
ering head and shoulders above his
army officers. It is said that Lincoln
once sent for this photograph and
after looking at it for several minutes
he remarked that it was the best full-
length picture that the camera had
ever "perpetrated." The original
negative is in a good state of preser-
vation. The greater significance of
this picture, however, is the incident
which it perpetuates. There had been
unfortunate differences between the
government and the Army of the
Potomac. The future of the Union
cause looked dark. A critical state
of the disorder had been reached ; col-
lapse seemed imminent. On the first
day of October, in 1862, President
Lincoln went to the headquarters of
the Army of the Potomac and trav-
ersed the scenes of action, walking
over the battle-fields of South Moun-
tain, Crampton's Gap, and Antietam
with General McClellan. As Lin-
coln was bidding good-bye to McClel-
lan and a group of officers at Antie-
tam on October 4, 1862, this photo-
graph was taken. Two days later
Lincoln ordered McClellan to cross
the Potomac and give battle to the
enemy. Misunderstandings followed,
and on the fifth of November, Presi-
dent Lincoln, with his own hand,
wrote the historic order that de-
posed the beloved commander of the
Potomac, and started controversies
which are still renewed and vigor-
ously argued by army officers and
historians. It is one of the sad inci-
dents of the passing of a hero, who
had endeared himself to his men as
have few generals in the annals of war.
MODERN photographers have experienced some
difficulty in securing proofs from the collodion
negatives, due both to the years that the neg-
atives have been neglected and their inexperience with
the peculiar wet-plate process. Mr. Olsen is still work-
ing over them and has succeeded in stopping the
chemical action that threatened to destroy many of them.
Six thousand of the negatives are pronounced to be in as
good condition today as on the day they were taken,
nearly a half-century ago. Accompanying the collection
is found an occasional negative that seems to
have been made by Alexander Gardner or
Samuel Cooley. Gardner was one of the photo-
graphers employed by Brady, but he later left
him and entered into competition. Cooley
was an early photographer who conceived a
plan similar to Brady's, but operated on a very
limited scale. Most of his negatives were
taken in South Carolina.
From this remarkable collection, witness-
ing the darkest days on the American con-
tinent and the first days of modern American
photography, the prints are selected for these
pages and are here dedicated to the American
People. Until recent years there has been
no mechanical process by which these neg-
atives could be reproduced for general ob-
servation. The negatives are here accurately
presented from the originals, by the modern half-tone pro-
cess with only the slightest retouching where chemical
action has made it absolutely necessary.
In selecting these prints it has been the desire of the
editor to present, as nearly as possible, a chronological
pictorial record of the Civil War in the United States.
At strategic points where the large cameras could not be
drawn into the conflict, Brady used a smaller and lighter
camera that allowed him to get very close to the field of
action. Many of the most critical moments in the long
siege are embodied in these small negatives. They link
the larger pictures into one strong chain of indisputable
evidence. It would require forty volumes to present the
entire collection. This book can be but a kaleidoscopic
vision of the great conflict. Thousands of remarkable
scenes must for the present, at least remain unveiled.
That the public may know just what these negatives con-
ceal, a partial record has been compiled in the closing
pages of this volume.
The drama here revealed by the lens is one of intense
It has been estimated that since the beginning of authentic history war has destroyed
fifteen billions of human lives. I have seen the estimate put at twice that number. The
estimated loss of life by war in the past century is fourteen millions. Napoleon's cam-
paigns of twenty years cost Europe six millions of lives.
The Crimean War 1S54 750,000
The Italian War 1859 63,000
Our Civil War, North and South (killed and died in other ways) 1,000.000
The Prussian-Austrian War 1866.
The expeditions to Mexico, China, Morocco, etc. . . .
The Franco-German War 1870.
The Russo-Turkish War 1877.
The Zulu and Afghan Wars 1879.
The Chinese-Japanese War 1894.
The Spanish-American War
The Philippine War
.1S99.
j Americans
I Filipinos..
The Boer War (killed and wounded) \ d t \[ *u '
The Russo-Japanese War
These are probably all under the actual facts.
Benjamin F. Trueblood,
Secretary American Peace Society
realism. In it one can almost hear the beat of the drum
and the call of the bugle. It throbs with all the passions
known to humanity. It brings one face to face with the
madness of battle, the thrill of victory, the broken heart
of defeat. There is in it the loyalty of comradeship, the
tenderness of brotherhood, the pathos of the soldier's last
hour; the willingness to sacrifice, the fidelity to principle,
the love of country.
Far be it from the power of these old negatives to
bring back the memory of forgotten dissensions or long-
gone contentions. Whatever may have been the differ-
ences that threw a million of America's strongest manhood
into bloody combat, each one offered his life for what he
believed to be the right. The American People today are
more strongly united then ever before — North, South,
East and West, all are working for the moral, the intel-
lectual, the industrial and political upbuilding of Our
Beloved Land.
The path of Progress has been blazed by fire. Strong
men with strong purposes have thrown their lives on the
altar of civilization that their children and their
children's children might live and work in the
light of a new epoch that found its birth in the
agonizing throes of human sacrifice. From the
beginning of all ages the soldier has been, and
always must be, a mighty man.
He who will step deliberately into the
demon's jaws to defend a principle or to save
his country must be among the greatest of men.
His is the heroic heart to whom the world must
look for the dawn of the Age of Universal
Peace. It is his courageous arm that must
force the world to halt. The citizenship of the
future must be moulded and dominated by the
men with the willingness to sacrifice for the
sake of Justice and such men are soldiers,
whether it be in War or Peace.
There is a longing in the hearts of men, and
especially those who have felt the ravages of battle,
for the day when there shall be no more War; when Force
will be dethroned and Reason will rule triumphant. The
Great Washington, who led the conflict for our National
Independence, longed for the epoch of Peace. "My first
wish," he exclaimed, " is to see this plague to mankind
banished from the earth."
The mission of these pages is one of Peace — that
all may look upon the horrors of War and pledge their
manhood to "Peace on Earth, Good Will toward Men !"
45,000
65,000
250.000
225,000
40.000
10,000
5.000
5.000
1. 000.000
25.000
100,000
450,500
u w»
AR is hell!" The dar-
ng Sherman's familiar
tmth is here witnessed
with all its horrors.
"War is hell, and this is zvarl If it
were not for the service that this neg-
ative should do for the great cause of
the world's Peace, this picture, which
has lain in a vault in Washington for
an epoch, would never be exposed to
public view. Its very gruesomeness
is a plea to men to lay down arms.
Its ghastliness is an admonition to the
coming generations. It is a silent
prayer for universal brotherhood.
The negative was taken after the
third day's battle at Gettysburg. The
din of the batteries had died away.
The clash of arms had ceased. The
tumult of men was hushed. The
clouds of smoke had lifted and the
morning sun engraved on the glass
plate this mute witness of the tragedy
that had made history. It was the
nation's holiday — the Fourth of July
in 1863. The camera was taken into
the wheat-field near the extreme left
of the Union line. The heroes had
been dead about nineteen hours. It
will be observed that their bodies are
already much bloated by exposure to
the sun. These men were killed on
July 3. 1863. by one discharge of
"canister" from a Confederate cannon
which they were attempting to cap-
ture. Tin cans were filled with small
"balls about the size of marbles and
when the cannon was fired the force
of the discharge burst open the can,
and the shower of canister balls swept
everything before it. When this pho-
tograph was taken a detail had
already passed over the field, and
gathered the guns and accoutrements
of the dead and wounded. Shoes,
cartridge belts and canteens have
been removed from these dead heroes
as it was frequently necessary to ap-
propriate them to relieve the needs of
the living soldiers. From diamond at
extreme right of picture these men
are identified as belonging to the
second division of third army corps.
IN the conflicts within the lifetime ot men now
living, more than three billions of dollars sterling
have been thrown into the cannon's mouth, and
nearly five millions of human lives have fallen martyrs to
the battlefield. In the United States of America, a
government founded on the Brotherhood of Man, the
greatest expenditure since the beginning ot the Republic
has been for bloodshed, over six billions for War,
nearly two billions for navy, and about three and one-
half billions for pensions — more than eleven billions out
of a total of something over nineteen billions of dollars.
In the last half century the population ot the world has
doubled ; its indebtedness, chiefly for war purposes, has
quadrupled. It was but eight billions fifty years ago;
it is thirty-two billions today.
America has never been a war-seeking nation. Its one
desire has been to "live and let live." When once
aroused, however, it is the greatest fighting force on the
face of the globe. It is in this peace-loving land that
civilization witnessed the most terrible and heart-rending
struggle that ever befell men of the same blood. "Men
speaking the same language, living for eighty-four years
under the same flag, stood as enemies in deadly com-
bat. Brother fighting against brother; father against son;
mothers praying for their boys — one in the uniform ot
blue, and the other wearing the gray; and churches of the
same faith appealing to God, each for the other's over-
throw."
There were 2,841,906 men and boys sworn into the
defence of their country during the Civil War in the
United States. The extreme youth of these patriots is
one of the most remarkable records in the annals of the
world's warfare. The average age of the soldier in the
army and navy was about nineteen years. Some of
them followed the marching armies on the impulse of the
moment; most ot them were enlisted with the consent of
their parents or guardians. Thousands of them never
returned home ; thousands more came back to the pur-
suits of Peace and have contributed for nearly a half
century to the Good Citizenship of the Republic. To-
day they are gray-haired patriarchs. One by one they
are stepping from the ranks to answer the call to the
Greater Army from which no soldier has ever returned.
This record has been compiled for this volume from an
authoritative source. The men who re-enlisted are
counted twice as there is no practical way to estimate
the number of individual persons:
682,117 were over 2 1 years of age ;
1,159,789 were 21 years old and under;
1,151,438 were 18 years old and under;
844,891 were 17 years old and under;
231,051 were 16 years old and under;
104,987 were 15 years old and under;
1,523 were 14 years old and under;
300 were T3 years old and under;
278 were 12 years old and under.
When the Great Struggle began, the United States
was the home of less than thirty-two millions of people.
Today it has passed eighty millions and the peoples
from all the nations of the earth are flooding into our
open gates to the extent of more than a million a year.
A new community ot more than three thousand in-
habitants could be founded every day from the men,
women and children who disembark from the sea ot ships
charted to the American shores. There are among us
today more than forty-eight millions who have been born
here or immigrated into this country since the beginning of
the Civil War. These people have no personal knowl-
edge of it and their information is gathered from the nar-
rations of others. These Brady negatives will come as
a revelation to them and give a truer understand-
ing of the meaning of it all. The good service they may
do for the nation in this one respect cannot be over-
estimated.
With thirty-two millions ot people aroused by an over-
powering impulse that dared them to follow the dictates
of conscience by pledging their loyalty to the states
they loved — whether it be under Southern suns or
Northern snows— it is almost beyond comprehension
that Brady came out of the chaos with even one photo-
graphic record. While his extensive operations could not
begin until system and organization were accomplished, he
did secure many negatives in 1861.
Hardly had the news of the first gun passed around
the globe when a half million men were offering their
services to their country. Loyal Massachusetts was
the first to march her strong and willing sons to the protec-
tion of the Government. The shrill notes of the fife
sounded throughout the land and battle-scarred old
Europe beheld in amazement the marshalling of great
armies trom a nation of volunteer patriots wholly inex-
perienced in military discipline — a miracle in the eyes of
older civilization that had been drenched in the blood of
centuries.
It was the simultaneous uprising of a Great People.
The first shot from South Carolina transformed Virginia,
the beloved mother of presidents, into a battleground.
The streets of Baltimore became a scene of riot. The
guns of the navy boomed on the North Carolina coast.
The men of the West moved on through Missouri, blazing
their way with shot and shell. Through Kentucky
and Tennessee the reign of fire swept on until it re-echoed
from Florida on the gulf to the wilderness of New Mexico
and the borderline of Texas.
The American Republic was in the clutches of ter-
rific conflict and in the first twelvemonths nearly a million
and a quarter of its manhood was fighting for the National
Flag. There was no turning from the struggle. It must
be waged to its deadliest end. From this moment, for four
dreadful years, fighting was taking place somewhere along
the line every day and more than seven thousand battles
and skirmishes were fought on land and sea.
Nearly three-fourths of the men who stood in the Union
ranks in the Civil War were native-born Americans. The
others were the best and bravest blood ot fellow-nations.
unp 1
^EY have fired on Fort Sumter !"
These are the words that rang across
the continent on the morning of the
twelfth of April, in 1861, and the
echo was heard around the world. The shot that
began one of the fiercest conflicts that civilization
has ever seen was fired just before sunrise at
four in the morning. Special editions of news-
papers heralded the tidings through the land.
Thousands of excited men crowded the streets.
Trade was suspended. Night and day the peo-
ple thronged the thoroughfares, eager to hear the
latest word from the scene of action. Friday
and Saturday were the most anxious days that
the American people have ever experienced.
When the news came on Sunday morning that
Major Robert Anderson had evacuated the fort
with flags flying and drums beating "Yankee
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT FORT SUMTER IN IBOI
Doodle," the North was electrified with patriot-
ism. The stars and stripes were thrown to the
breeze from spires of churches, windows of resi-
dences, railway stations and public buildings.
The fife and drum were heard in the streets.
Recruiting offices were opened on public squares.
Men left their business and stepped into the
ranks. A few days later, when the brave de-
fenders of Fort Sumter reached New York, the
air was alive with floating banners. Flowers,
fruits and delicacies were showered upon the
one hundred and twenty-nine courageous men
who had so gallantly withstood the onslaught of
six thousand. Crowds seized the heroes and car-
ried them through the streets on their shoulders.
The South was mad with victory. It was believed
that its independence had been already gained.
Several days after the bombardment this picture
was secured of the historic fort in South Caro-
lina, about which centered the beginning of a
great war. It was taken in four sections and
this is a panoramic view of them all. The pho-
tograph did not fall into the possession of the
Government, but was held for mail}' years by a
Confederate naval officer, Daniel Ellis, com-
mander of the twenty-gun ram "Chicora" and at
one time in command of Fort Sumter. It is
now in possession of James W. Eld ridge of Hart-
ford. It corrects the erroneous impression that
the fort was demolished in 1861. It stood the
bombardment with but slight damage, other than
a few holes knocked in the masonry as this pic-
ture testifies. In saluting the American flag be-
fore the evacuation on April 15, Private Daniel
Hough was killed and three men wounded by the
premature explosion of one of their own guns.
"J
"OHN BROWN'S body lies
a-mouldering in the grave ;
his soul is marching on !"
In every public meeting,
through village and town, along the
lines of recruits marching to the
front, around the army campfires, this
song became the battle-cry. It had
been but three years since John
Brown, with seventeen whites and
five negroes, seized the United States
Arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia,
and began the freeing of slaves. It
required eighteen hours and 1,500
militia and marines to subdue the
ardent abolitionist. He took refuge
in the armory engine house. The
doors were battered down. Eight
of the insurgents were killed. Brown,
with three whites and a half dozen ne-
groes, was captured and hanged. The
Confederates planned its capture, but
upon their approach on the eigh-
teenth of April, in 1861, three days
after the firing on Fort Sumter, they
found only the burning arsenal. They
held the coveted position with 6,500
men, but fearing the attack of 20,000
Unionists, deserted it. It was held
by the Union troops until 1S62, when,
on the fifteenth of September, Stone-
wall Jackson bombarded the town
and forced its surrender. The Union
loss was 80 killed, 120 wounded,
11,583 captured. The Confederate
loss was 500. In this engagement
were the brave boys of the 12th New
York State Militia; 39th, 1 nth, 115th,
125th and 126th New York; 32nd,
60th and 87th Ohio ; 9th Vermont ;
65th Illinois; 1st and 3rd Maryland
"Home Brigade;" 15th Indiana' Vol-
unteers ; Phillips' Battery ; 5th New
York; Graham's, Pott's and Rigby's
Batteries; 8th New York; 12th Illi-
nois, and 1st Maryland Cavalry. It
was during these days that the Army
of the Potomac engaged the Confed-
erate forces in bloody conflict at
Turner's and Crampton's Gap, South
Mountain, Maryland, leaving Harper's
Ferry again in the hands of the Union.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT HARPERS FERRY
THERE is not a fleet on the seas
that can withstand a modern
battery if kept under fire by
proper obstructions. Modern
sea-coast artillery can destroy a vessel
at a single shot. The watchdog that
guarded the waterway to the Na-
tional Capital in the Civil War was
Fortress Monroe. The old stone
fort, partially protected by masses of
earth that sheltered it from the view
and fire of the assailant, challenged
the ugliest iron-clads to pass through
Hampton Roads. Fortress Monroe
early became the base of operations
and under its protection volunteer
regiments were mobilized. When the
2nd New York Volunteers reached
the fort, about six weeks after the
firing on Fort Sumter, the 4th Mas-
sachusetts Volunteers had come to the
assistance of the regular garrison of
four companies of artillery on duty
day and night over their guns. Some-
thing of the conditions may be under-
stood by the statement of an officer
who says that his men had to appear
on parade with blankets wrapped
about them to conceal a lack of proper
garments, and sometimes stood senti-
nel with naked feet and almost naked
bodies. The volunteers arrived
faster than provisions could be fur-
nished and there was a scarcity of
food. So great was the difficulty in
procuring small arms that some of the
soldiers were not really fitted for war
during the year of 1861. The Gov-
ernment operations were centered
around Fortress Monroe and Presi-
dent Lincoln personally visited the
headquarters to ascertain the actual
conditions. Brady was admitted be-
hind the parapets with his camera and
secured this photograph of one of the
heaviest guns in the great fortification.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT FORTRESS MONROE
TO feed the millions of fighting men in both armies during the years 1S61 to 1865,
was an enigma equalled only by the problem of ammunition. After the diets of hard-
tack on the long marches there is no memory dearer to the heart of the old veteran
than a good, old-fashioned "square meal" from the log-cabin kitchen in the camp.
This is a typical scene of one of these winter camps. They were substantially built of logs,
chinked in with mud and provided on one end with a generous mud chimney and fireplace.
The most " palatial " afforded a door and a window. Roaring fires burned on the hearths.
With the arrival of the soldiers, knapsacks and traps were unpacked. The canteen was hung
on its proper peg. The musket found its place on the wall. The old frying pan and tin cup
were hung near the fire. There was to be a real "old home feast." The soldiers crowded
around the sutler's tent dickering over canned goods and other luxuries which cost perhaps a
half-month's pay. The log settlement was all astir. Smoke issued from the mud chimneys.
Crackling fires and savory odors lightened the hearts of the warriors and the community of
huts rang with jovialty, laughter and song. Stories of the conflict were told as the soldiers
revelled over the hot and hearty meal and not until the late hours did the tired comrades
wrap themselves in their blankets and fall onto their beds of pine needles or hard board bunks.
THE charge of the cavalry is an intense moment on the battlefield. At the time of the
Civil War nothing was known of the snap-shot process in photography and Brady
tried frequently throughout the four years to secure negatives of the cavalry. It
seems to have been an impossibility under the long "time exposure process." He did,
however, succeed in securing negatives of horses. Frequent opportunity to try to secure a
photograph of the cavalry, is proven by the fact that there were 3,266 troops, or more than
272 regiments, in defense of the Government. This picture is found in Brady's collection
and shows the cavalry depot at Giesboro Point, Maryland, just outside of Washington. At
the beginning of the war the mounted men were used as scouts, orderlies, and in outpost duty.
General "Joe" Hooker finally turned a multitude of detachments into a compact army corps
of 12,000 horsemen. The gallant horseman, "Phil" Sheridan, under instructions from Gen-
eral Grant, organized three divisions of 5,000 mounted men, each armed with repeating car-
bines and sabers. It was with this force that Sheridan met the Confederate cavalry at Yellow
Tavern, near Richmond, and demonstrated the importance of mounted troops by great military
powers. One of the most magnificent scenes in the war was when 10,000 horsemen moved out
on the Telegraph Road leading from Fredericksburg to Richmond, and the column, as it stood in
"fours," well closed up, was thirteen miles long and required four hours to pass a given point.
APTURE the National
Capital, throw the city
into confusion and terror
by conflagration, seize the
President and his Cabinet, and secure
control of the Government." This
was the first cry of the Confederacy.
Thousands of volunteers were mov-
ing- toward the city in answer to the
call for men to save the Nation. Or-
ders w 7 ere issued to hold back the en-
emy from crossing the bridges that
entered Washington. Two batteries
were thrown up at the east end of the
Upper, or Chain Bridge, and a heavy
two-leaved gate covered with iron
plates pierced for musketry, was con-
structed at the center of the bridge.
Blockhouses at Arlington Heights
and the battery at Georgetown
Heights, guarded the Aqueduct
Bridge. The largest approach to
Washington was the famous Long
Bridge, a mile in length, and con-
necting the National Capital with
Alexandria, Virginia, the gateway to
the Confederacy. Three earthen forts
commanded its entrance. All sol-
diers of the Army of the Potomac re-
member Long Bridge. It was over
this structure that a hundred thou-
sand men passed in defense of their
country, many of them never to re-
cross it. This was one of the strate-
gic points in the first days of the war
and consequently one of the first pic-
tures taken by Brady, with its senti-
nel on duty and the sergeant of the
guard ready to examine the pass. No
man ever crossed Long Bridge with-
out this written oath: "It is under-
stood that the within named and sub-
scriber accepts this pass on his word
of honor that he is and will be ever
loyal to the United States; and if
hereafter found in arms against the
Union, or in any way aiding her
enemies, the penalty will be death."
'HOTOCRAPH TAKEN AT LONG BRIDGE ENTRANCE TO WASHINGTON
THERE is nothing impossible to
any army in time of war.
Bridges are thrown across
rivers in a night ; roads are
constructed as the line advances ; tele-
graph wires are uncoiled in the wake
of the moving regiments. To protect
from a delay that might mean defeat,
the army frequently carried its own
"bridges" with it. These army or
pontoon bridges consisted of boats
over which planks were thrown to
span the waterways. This view shows
two of the boat's wheels ready for the
march. Each pontoon wagon is
drawn by six mules. These pon-
toons were always getting stuck in
the mud, and the soldiers, struggling
along under their own burdens, were
obliged to haul on the drag ropes, and
raise the blockade. Probably no sol-
dier will see this picture without be-
ing reminded of the time when he
helped to pull these pontoons out of
the mud, and comforted himself by
shouting at the mules. A view is also
shown of a pontoon bridge across the
James River ready for the approach
of the army. It was often necessary
to establish an immediate telegraph
service between different points in the
lines. This photograph shows one of
the characteristic field telegraph sta-
tions. An old piece of canvas
stretched over some rails forms the
telegrapher's office, and a "hard-
tack" box is his telegraph table ; but
from such a rude station messages
were often sent which involved the
lives of hundreds and thousands of
soldiers. The building of corduroy
roads to allow ammunition and pro-
vision trains to pass on their journeys
was of utmost importance. An hour's
delay might throw them into the
hands of the enemy. Many dis-
asters were averted by the in-
genuity of the engineers' corps.
■?-**- -•■-■-■■■■- ■■
PONTOON BOATS ON WHEELS
BUILDING A CORDUROY ROAD
FIELD TELEGRAPH STATION IN OPERATION
PONTOON BRTDGE ACROSS JAMES RIVER
"I
'F any one attempts to haul
down the American flag,
shoot him on the spot!"
The order rang from town
to town. Old Glory waved in the
breeze defiantly. "The flag of the
Confederacy will be hoisted over
Washington within sixty days," came
the retort from the far South. "Only
over our dead bodies." replied the
men of the Xorth. The National
Government discovered that a con-
spiracy had been in operation to de-
nude its armories and weaken its de-
fenses. Political influences had se-
cretly disarmed the incoming admin-
istration, scattering the regular army
in helpless and hopeless positions far
from the seat of the Government and
beyond its call in an emergency.
Northern forts had been dismantled
and the munitions from Northern
arsenals had been dispatched to
Southern vantage grounds to be used
in case of necessity. The treasury-
had been depleted and the Govern-
ment was on the verge of bankruptcy.
Eleven of the historic old states of the
Union had withdrawn and formed a
new republic, the "Confederate States
of America." These were the condi-
tions that confronted Lincoln in his
first days of the Presidency. Plots
were rampant to take his life. His
steps were shadowed by Secret Ser-
vice detectives to safeguard him
against assassins, and he was practi-
cally held a prisoner in the White
House. In further protection the de-
fenses around the city were strength-
ened. From every hillside grim guns
turned their deep mouths into the val-
leys until a chain of fortifications
made the city impregnable. Brady
secured permission to take his cam-
eras into these fortifications. This is
the best negative which he secured.
It is taken behind the breastworks
at Fort Lincoln, near Washington.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT FORT LINCOLN
THE first serious collision of the
two great armies of divided
Americans took place at Bull
Run, in Virginia, on the
twenty-first of July, in 1861. The
Government had confined its opera-
tions almost wholly to the protection
of Washington, and the public de-
mand for more aggressive action was
loud and alarming. The Confederate
pickets had become so confident that
they advanced within sight of the Na-
tional Capital. Accusations were
strong against the seeming desire of
the Government to evade the enemy.
Charges of deliberate delay and cow-
ardice came from the North. "On
to Richmond," the stronghold of the
Confederacy, was the demand. So
great became the public clamor that,
despite the judgment of military
authorities, 29,000 Federals under
McDowell advanced against the
32,000 Confederates under Beaure-
gard, driving them back only to be
repulsed, after one of the hardest
and strangest combats that military
history has ever recorded. The Union
ranks were so demoralized that they
retreated without orders and strag-
gled back to Washington, although a
strong stand might have turned the
tide of battle. The Union loss was 481
killed; 2,471 wounded and missing,
besides 27 cannon and 4,000 muskets.
The Confederate loss was 378 killed ;
1,489 wounded and missing. Brady's
cameras were soon on the field. He
did not reach it in time, however, to
secure pictures of the righting armies.
One of his negatives shows the his-
toric stream of Bull Run along which
the battle occurred. Another negative
shows the field over which the hardest
fighting took place. A third negative
is that of Sudley Church, which was
the main hospital after the conflict.
It was here that, after a long detour,
the Union forces found a vulnerable
point and crossed to meet the enemy.
Bradyalso secured a negative of Fair-
fax Court House, one of the outposts
of the Confederacy, in this campaign.
SUDLEY'S CHURCH AND FORD AT BULL RUN
BATTLEFIELD OF BULL RUN IN 1861
THE man behind the gun risks
his life on his faith in the am-
munition train to keep him
supplied with powder and
shell. An old warrior estimates that
an army of 60,000 men, comprising a
fair average of infantry, cavalry, artil-
lery and engineers must be provided
with no less than 18,000,000 ball car-
tridges for small arms, rifles, muskets,
carbines and pistols for six months'
operation. In the field an infantry
soldier usually carries about sixty
rounds. The lives of the men depend
upon the promptness of the ammuni-
tion trains. To supply these 60,000
men requires one thousand ammuni-
tion wagons and 3,600 horses. The
wagon constructed for this service
will carry 20,000 rounds of small-arm
munition. The cartridges are packed
in boxes and the wagon is generally
drawn by four to six horses or mules.
Several wagons are organized into an
''equipment.'' moving under the
charge of an artillery, and there are
several such "equipments" for an
army of this magnitude, one for each
division of infantry, a small portion
for the cavalry, and the rest in re-
serve. Early in the Civil War a
chemist suggested to General McClel-
lan that he could throw shells from a
mortar that would discharge streams
of fire "most fearfully in all direc-
tions." McClellan replied: "Such
means of destruction are hardly with-
in the category of civilized warfare.
I could not recommend their employ-
ment until we have exhausted the
ordinary means of warfare." The
Government preferred to depend
largely upon these silent, ghost-like
wagons, with their deadly loads of
millions of cartridges, pressing toward
the battle lines throughout the con-
flict. This picture shows an ammuni-
tion train of the Third Division Cav-
alry Corps in motion with the
army encamped on the distant hills.
It is one of Brady's best negatives.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AS AMMUNITION TRAINS WERE MOVING
SLAVE pens were common insti-
tutions in the days of negro
bondage in America. The
system had developed from
the early days of colonization and was
for many generations a legitimate
■occupation throughout the country.
So many rumors, false and true, were
"told of the ''pens" that Brady schemed
to secure photographs of some of
them. Early in 1861 he succeeded
in gaining entrance to one of the typi-
cal institutions in Alexandria, Vir-
ginia. The results are here shown.
The cell rooms with their iron-barred
doors and small cage windows relate
their own story. While they were
installed by the larger slave traders
they were wholly unknown on most
of the old Southern plantations. A
picture is also here shown of the ex-
terior of the "slave pen" kept at Alex-
andria with the inscription over the
■door, "Price, Birch & Co., Dealers in
Slaves." This shows the propor-
tions to which the system had grown
in the greatest republic in the world.
Enormous fortunes were being accu-
mulated by some dealers who had
thrown aside sentiment and human-
ity and were herding black men for
the market. With the outbreak of
the war many of the slaves sought
the protection of the Union Army,
while others, who had kind masters,
were willing to remain on the planta-
tions. Mr. Brady secured several
photographs of these typical slave
groups. The one here shown .is a
party of "contrabands" that had Bed
to the Union lines. Another famil-
iar scene in 1S61 was the pilgrimage
of poor whites to the Union ranks.
When the troops passed through
many of the mountain villages, these
frightened white sympathizers would
hastily gather their scanty belong-
ings, pile them onto an old wagon, de-
sert their homes and follow the
army, to be passed on from line to
line until they reached the North.
■■■ c Vt£g£*'- ,J 9°7 b f E.B.Eaton.
IRON-BARRED CELLS IN AN OLD SLAVE PEN
SLAVS DEALERS' HEADQUARTERS IN ALEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA
REFUGEES LEAVING THE OLD HOMESTEAD
; UNION ARMY
(27)
ONE of the greatest secret
forces in the Civil War was
the electric telegraph. Wires
were uncoiled as the army
moved on its march toward the en-
emy and over them passed the hurried
words that frequently saved hundreds
and thousands of lives. While Eng-
land was the first to experiment with
the new science on the battlefield, the
war in America demonstrated its per-
manent importance in the maneuvers
of armies. Brady was much inter-
ested in the development of telegra-
phy as a factor in war and never
missed any opportunity to take a pho-
tograph of the field telegraph corps
as they passed him on marches. This
picture shows one of the construction
corps in operation. The wires were
laid as each column advanced, keep-
ing the General in command fully in-
formed of every movement and en-
abling him to communicate from his
headquarters in the rear of the army
with his officers in charge of the
wings. The military construction
corps laid and took up these wires as
fast as an infantry regiment marches.
An instant's intelligence may cause a
charge, a flank or a retreat. By con-
necting with the semi-permanent lines
strung through woods and fields, into
which the enemy would have little
reason to venture unless aroused by
suspicion, the commander on the field
is kept informed of the transporta-
tion of troops and supplies and the
approach of reinforcements. It was
also the duty of the military construc-
tion corps to seize all wires discov-
ered by them and to utilize them for
their own army or tear them down.
Constant watch is kept for these
secret lines. Great care must also
be taken that false messages do not
pass over them. Their destruction
is generally left to the cavalry.
The heavy construction wagons, car-
rying many miles of telegraph wire
in coils, were drawn by four horses.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AS MILITARY TELEGRAPH WAS BEING STRUNG
TELEGRAPH stations in wag-
ons were not uncommon
sights to the soldiers between
the years of 1861 to 1865.
Great responsibility rested upon the
operators who halted alongside the
road to send a message back to head-
quarters that might change the whole
course of events and defeat into vic-
tory. The operators in the Civil War
stood by their posts like sentinels.
The confidential communications of
commanders and the movements of
the morrow were intrusted with them,
but not in a single instance is one
known to have proven false to that
trust. It was part of the duty of the
telegraph service to take messages
from the scouts sent out to ascertain
the resources of the country, the ad-
vantages of certain routes, and the
general lay of the land. Every click
of the instrument transmitted secrets
upon which might depend the rise or
fall of the nation. These field tele-
graph wagons, drawn by horses, car-
ried the instruments and batteries
which had but recently been invented
by an American scientist, and by
which an electric spark shot messages
through wire in the fraction of a sec-
ond's time. The War of 1861 proved
for all time the advantages of this
new science. It left the signal corps
to attend to only short-range commu-
nications and lightened the duties of
mounted orderlies, conveying mes-
sages in a flash of electricity that had
hitherto taken a day's reckless riding
on horseback. While it saved the
orderlies from many hazardous jour-
neys there were many more where the
telegraph wires did not penetrate and
dependence was still placed on the
dashing mounted messenger. The
chief service of the electric telegraph
was to maintain communication be-
tween corps and divisions and head-
quarters. It was also utilized in some
of the brilliant strokes of the Secret
Service in forestalling deep-laid plots.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AS FIELD TELEGRAPH WAGON WAS SENDING MESSAGE
THE downfall of Washington in the first
days of the war would have meant the
downfall of the Republic. What
changes this would have wrought in the
history of the Western Continent can never be
known. Its probabilities were such that the
Treasury Building was guarded by howitzers,
the Halls of Congress were occupied by soldiers,
the Capitol building became a garrisoned citadel.
Lincoln was virtually imprisoned by guards in
the White House, and the streets were patrolled
by armed men. Troops were quartered in the
Patent Building. The basement galleries of the
PHOTOGKAPH TAKEN IN AN ARSENAL AT WASHINGTON
Capitol were converted into store-rooms for bar-
rels of pork, beef and rations for a long siege.
The vaults under the broad terrace on the west-
ern front were turned into bakeries where six-
teen thousand loaves of bread were baked every
day. The chimneys of the ovens pierced the ter-
race and smoke poured out in dense black clouds
like a smoldering volcano. Ammunition and
artillery were held in readiness to answer a mo-
ment's call. So intense was the excitement that
one of the generals in command at the Govern-
ment arsenal exclaimed : "We are now in such a
state that a dog-fight might cause the gutters of
the Capital to run with blood." There was the
clank of cavalry on the pavements, the tramp,
tramp of regiments of men whose polished mus-
kets Mashed in the sunlight as they moved over
Long Bridge. Cavalcades of teams and white-
topped army wagons carrying provisions, muni-
tions of war and baggage followed in weird pro-
cession. Brady was then in Washington nego-
tiating with the Government and the Secret Ser-
vice for permission to follow the armies with his
cameras. This is one of the pictures that he
took at that time, showing the artillery and
cannon-balls parked at the National Capital.
NO one, except the men who did
it, can ever know the tre-
mendous difficulties over-
come in preparing an army
for warfare. The transformation of
a nation of peaceful home-lovers to a
battle-thirsty, fighting populace is
almost beyond human understanding.
To arm them instantly with the imple-
ments of war is a problem hardly con-
ceivable. When the first guns of the
Civil War were belching their death-
fire, all the man-killing weapons
known to civilization were being hur-
ried td' the front. There were flint
and percussion and long-range mus-
kets and rifles ; bayonets and cavalry
sabers ; field and siege cannon ; mor-
tars and sea-coast howitzers ; pro-
jectiles, shot, shell, grape and canis-
ter; powder, balls, strap and buck-
shot ; minie balls and percussion caps ;
fuses, wads and grenades ; columbiads
and navy carronades ; lances, pistols
and revolvers ; heavy ordnance and
carriages. Europe was called upon
to send its explosives across the sea.
Caves were opened for the mining of
nitre, lead and sulphur. Factories
were run day and night for the manu-
facture of saltpeter. On land and
sea the greatest activity prevailed.
This photograph was taken on the
twenty-sixth day of August in 1861,
when the ammunition schooners,
accompanying the fleet from Fortress
Monroe on the expedition to Fort
Hatteras, N. C, were passing through
Hampton Roads. The fleet, sailing
under sealed orders, in command of
Flag Officer Silas H. Stringham,
arrived before sunset. Two days
later, in conjunction with the troops
of the gth, 20th, and 99th New York
Volunteers, under General Benjamin
F. Butler, it forced the surrender
of Fort Hatteras without the loss
of a man and took seven hundred
prisoners. The Confederates lost
about fifty killed and wounded.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN HAMPTON ROADS — AMMUNITION SCHOONERS
SPIES lived in the White House according to the rumors in 1861, and every council of the Ad-
ministration was reported to the enemy. Whether this is true or not has never been verified,
but by some mysterious channel the Administration's plans invariably fell into the hands of the
Confederates. One of the first instances of this is the expedition to Port Royal on the South
Carolina coast. This was one of the finest harbors along the South Atlantic and it was planned to
take it from the Confederates and use it as a base for future Union operations. The most careful
preparations were laid for two months. On the twenty-ninth of October, in 186 1, fifty vessels under
sealed orders with secret destination sailed from Hampton Roads. The fleet had hardly left the
range of Fortress Monroe when the full details of its sealed orders reached the Confederates at Port
Royal. Off Cape Hatteras it ran into a severe gale; one transport was completely wrecked, with a
loss of seven lives; another transport threw over her cargo; a storeship went down in the storm, and
a gunboat was saved only by throwing her broadside battery into the sea. The fleet was so scattered
that when the storm cleared there was only a single gunboat in sight of the flagship. Undismayed
by the misfortune, within a few hours the vessels that had withstood the tremendous gale were mov-
ing on to Port Royal. Several frigates that had been blockading Charleston Harbor joined them and
on the morning of the seventh of November the attack was made on Fort Walker at Hilton Head and
Fort Beauregard on St. Helena Island. The guns of the fleet wrought dreadful havoc. The stream
of fire was more than the entrenched men had expected or could endure. The troops fled across
Hilton Head in panic from Fort Walker. When the commander at Fort Beauregard looked upon
the fleeing soldiers he abandoned his position and joined the retreat. A flag of truce was sent ashore
but there was no one to receive it, and soon after two o'clock the National colors were floating over
the first permanent foothold of the Government in South Carolina, a Confederate stronghold.
COOSAW FERRY, PORT ROYAL ISLAND, S. C.
FORT BEAUREGARD, KAY POINT, S. C
GENERAL ISAAC I. STEVENS' STAFF, BEAUFORT, S. C
THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, in their one hun-
dred and twenty years of " Life, Liberty and
the Pursuit of Happiness," have had but three
wars with the outside world. They have enjoyed a greater
immunity from armed encounter than any of their neigh-
bors. Other than the grievous struggle which we have
had with our own people, it may be fairly said that we
have been blessed by Peace.
As if by magic the hundreds of thousands of volun-
teers were armed with the munitions of War and marched
to the battle-front. The great Lincoln, under the consti-
tutional provisions, was commander-in-chief of the citizen
armies, and worked in conjunction with his War Depart-
ment at Washington. The military genius of a trained
fighter was needed and from the outbreak of the War un-
til November 6, 1861, Brevet-Lieutenant Winfield Scott
was in command; then came Major- General George B.
McClellan, a man of great caution, until March 1 1, 1862.
From that time until July 12, 1862, the Government was
without a general commander until Major-General Henry
W. Halleck took control and continued till March 12,
1864. It was then that Lieutenant-General Ulysses S.
Grant was called upon to end the struggle. Under
these military leaders the great fighting force of volunteers
was organized into armies. The first of these patriot
legions was the Army of the Potomac.
Army of the Potomac was called into existence in July,
1861, and was organized by Major-General George B.
McClellan, its first commander; November 5, 1862,
Major-General A. E. Burnside took command of it; Jan-
uary 25, 1863, Major-General Joe Hooker was placed in
command, and June 27, 1863, Major-General George G.
Meade succeeded him.
Army of Virginia was organized August 12, 1862.
The forces under Major-Generals Fremont, Banks, and
McDowell, including the troops then under Brigadier-
General Sturgis at Washington, were consolidated under
the command of Major-General John Pope; and in the
first part of September, 1862, the troops forming this
army were transferred to other organizations, and the army
as such discontinued.
Army of the Ohio became a power, November 9,
1861. General Don Carlos Buell assumed command of
the Department of the Ohio. The troops serving in this
department were organized by him as the Army of the
Ohio, General Buell remaining in command until Octo-
ber 30, 1862. when he was succeeded by General W. S.
Rosecranz. This Army of the Ohio became, at the same
time, the Army of the Cumberland. A new Department
of the Ohio having been created, Major-General H. G.
Wright was assigned to the command thereof; he was
succeeded by Major-General Burnside, who was relieved
by Major-General J. G. Foster of the command of the
Department and Army. Major-General J. M. Schofield
took command January 28, 1864, and January 17, 1865,
the Department was merged into the Department of the
Cumberland.
Army of the Cumberland developed from the Army
of the Ohio, commanded by General Don Carlos Buell,
October 24, 1862, and was placed under the command
of Major-General W. S. Rosecranz; it was also organized
at the same time as the Fourteenth Corps. In January,
1863, it was divided into three corps, the Fourteenth,
Twentieth and Twenty-first; in September, 1863, the
Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps were consolidated into
the Fourth Corps. October, 1863, General George H.
Thomas took command of ihe army, and the Eleventh
and Twelfth Corps were added to it. In January, 1864,
the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were consolidated and
known as the Twentieth Corps.
Army of the Tennessee was originally the Army of
the District of Western Tennessee, fighting as such at
Shiloh, Tennessee. It became the Army of the Tennessee
upon the concentration of troops at Pittsburg Landing,
under General Halleck ; and when the Department of
the Tennessee was formed, October 16, 1862, the troops
serving therein were placed under the command of Major-
General U. S. Grant. October 24, 1862, the troops in
this Department were organized as the Thirteenth Corps;
December 18, 1862, they were divided into the Thir-
teenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Corps.
October 27, 1863, Major-General William T. Sherman
was appointed to the command of this army; March 12,
1864, Major-General J. B. McPherson succeeded him;
July 30, 1864, McPherson having been killed, Major-
General O. O. Howard was placed in command, and
May 19, 186$, Major-General John A. Logan succeeded
him.
Army of the Mississippi began operations on the
Mississippi River in Spring, 1862; before Corinth, Miss-
issippi, in May, 1862; luka and Corinth, Mississippi, in
September and October, 1862.
Army of the Gulf operated at Siege of Port Hudson,
Louisiana, May, June, and July, 1863.
Army of the James consisted of the Tenth and Eigh-
teenth Corps and Cavalry, Major-General Butler com-
manding and operating in conjunction with Army of the
Potomac.
Army of West Virginia was active at Cloyd's Moun-
tain, May 9 and 10, 1864.
A rmy of the Middle Military Division operated at
Opepuan and Cedar Creek, September and October, 1864.
During the year 1862, Brady's men followed these
legions. Both armies were maneuvering to strike a
decisive blow at the National Capital of either foe — one
aiming at Washington and the other at Richmond. The
scenes enacted in these campaigns are remarkable in
military strategy, and Brady's men succeeded in perpetu-
ating nearly every important event.
Cameras were also hurried to the far South and West
where great leaders with great soldiers were doing great
things. Several of these cameras arrived in time to bear
witness to the bravery of the men of the Mississippi, who
were waging battle along the greatest waterway in North
America — the stronghold of the Confederacy and the
control of the inland commerce of the Continent.
THE first naval conflicts of the
Civil War took place early in
1862. On the ninth of
March, the revolving turret
iron-clad "Monitor" met the enor-
mous Confederate ram, "Merrinmc,"
in Hampton Roads. Both powerful
vessels forced the attack and stood
under the fiercest bombardment only
to again invite assault. After four
hours of the nerviest fighting that the
seas had ever known, the adversaries
withdrew, undefeated, to repair then-
respective damages. Brady secured
several photographs of these vessels
immediately after the engagement.
One of them on this page shows part
of the deck and turret of the "Moni-
tor;" near the port-hole can be seen
the dents made by the heavy steel-
pointed shot from the guns of the
"Merrimac." While the news of this
conflict was amazing even old Eu-
rope, naval operations along the
American coast were creating con-
sternation. On the first anniversary
of the Fall of Fort Sumter the Na-
tional navy, in an attempt to sweep
the Confederates from the Atlantic
coast, bombarded Fort Pulaski in
Georgia. All day long the bom-
bardment was terrific and firing did
not cease until nightfall, when five
of the guns of the fortress were silent.
All night long four of Gillmore's
guns fired at intervals of fifteen or
twenty minutes and at daybreak the
onslaught became furious. At two
in the afternoon a white flag appeared
from its walls. The spoils of victory
were the fort, forty-seven heavy
guns, a large supply of fixed ammu-
nition, forty thousand pounds of gun
powder, a large quantity of commis-
sary stores; three hundred prisoners
and the port of Savannah was sealed
against blockade runners — all this
with the loss of but one killed on each
side. Brady seems to have had un-
usual foresight. He was nearly
always in the right place at the
right time and these negatives pic-
ture the ruins of Fort Pulaski.
ORIGINAL "MONITOR" AFTER HER FIGHT WITH THE MERRIMAC
RUINS OF FORT PULASKI, G.V, APRIL, 1862
OFFICERS ON BOARD "MONITOR/' JULY 9, 1862, AT HAMPTON ROADS
THE BREACHFORT AT PULASKI AFTER BATTLE
WITH flags flying and bands playing "The Star Span-
gled Banner," the troops from the transports, which
brought fifteen thousand men under command of
General Benjamin F. Butler, marched into New
Orleans on the first day of May in 1S62. Crowds of men and
women surged the sidewalks cursing the Yankees and hurrahing
for Beauregard, Bull Run and Shiloh. When Butler established
military government over New Orleans the city had a population
of about 140,000. About 13,000 of these were slaves. Nearly
30,000 of the best citizenship were fighting in the Confederate
ranks. The city was on the verge of starvation. More than a
third of the population had no money and no means of earning it.
Prices rose enormously. Butler contributed a thousand dollars
of his own money to relieve the suffering. Supplies were hur-
ried from all sources and sold under Butler's orders at cost to
those who had funds. The price of flour fell from sixty to
twenty-four dollars a barrel. Butler proved to be a great organ-
izer. The people were set to work cleaning and improving their
city. His administration was always humane. The execution
of a gambler who tore down the American Flag from the mint,
and the condemning of a gang of thugs was his only show of the
iron hand. This photograph shows Major-General Butler, with his
staff, as he appeared in his fighting days. When leaving Lincoln
and his cabinet to start on his expedition, Butler exclaimed:
"Good-bye, Mr. President; we shall take New Orleans or you
will never see me again \" With Farragut he kept his promise.
' &
THE most powerful fleet that had ever sailed under the American Flag
entered the deltas of the Mississippi River on the eighteenth day of April,
in 1862, to force the surrender of the largest and richest city of the Con-
federacy. The strategic value of New Orleans was greater than that of
any other point in the Southern States. Its export trade in cotton and sugar was
larger than any city in the world. The great fleet had sailed from Hampton
Roads on the second of February under the command of a man sixty years old,
who was born in Tennessee, but offered himself to the Union cause — David G.
Farragut. This photograph was taken as he stood on the deck of his flagship
"Hartford." From the firing of the first gun on New Orleans a rain of iron fell
upon the forts. During the first twenty-four hours Captain David Porter's gunners
dropped fifteen hundred bombs in and around the forts. The night was hideous
with fiery meteors and the day dense with smoke and flame. The roar of the
artillery was deafening and shattered the windows in the houses for many miles.
For six days and nights the terrific bombardment raged. When Farragut
attempted to run the gauntlet to the metropolis of the gulf he swept the shores
with a continuous fire of twenty-six thousand shells — a million and a half pounds
of metal. The Confederates pushed a fire raft down the river to the daring
admiral's flagship and the "Hartford" burst into flame. While one part of the
crew fought the fire, the others poured metal from her guns onto the enemy.
On the twenty-sixth day of April, Farragut entered the harbor to New
Orleans and on the twenty-ninth unfurled the Stars and Stripes in the city.
THE heaviest battery of artillery
ever mounted in the world,
up to 1862, was before York-
town when the Union army
was maneuvering to enter Richmond
from the south. The intention was to
shell the Confederates out of a
strongly intrenched position by over-
whelming fire. This photograph was
taken inside of the fortification that
threatened to annihilate an entire
army. In it were huge demons of
death — that were hitherto unknown
in warfare — capable of throwing goo
pounds of iron at one broadside into
the lines of the enemy. There were
five 100-pounder and two 200-pounder
Parrot rifled cannon. The topography
of the country would not admit of
engagements with unfortified lines.
The Confederates concentrated their
forces in the woods. The Union
commanders at first despised picks
and shovels. They insisted that all
defenses except those naturally avail-
able were beneath a soldier's dignity.
The battles of the East and West
were being fought on open ground.
The campaign against Richmond,
however, proved the necessity of de-
fenses to protect the lines from unex-
pected attacks from the hidden en-
emy. The Confederates became un-
easy over this shift of fighting front
and the magnitude of the prepara-
tions at Yorktown so astounded them
that they abandoned the position. On
May third the great battery threw a
charge into the Confederate strong-
hold. It was intended to open the
bombardment on the following morn-
ing, but at dawn it was found that the
Confederates had evacuated. The
heavy artillery was known as Battery
No. 1, and manned by Company
B, First Connecticut Heavy Artil-
lery. It became a matter of discus-
sion throughout the world. Military
attaches from many foreign powers
visited the breastworks to report
the situation to their governments.
Copf'S^t '907 by E.B.Eatow
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN BEHIND THE BREASTWORKS AT YORKTOWN, VA-, IN 1S62
AT sunrise of the fourth of May,
l\ in 1862, the Union troops en-
A. \ tered the deserted Confeder-
ate works at Yorktown and
found seventy-one heavy guns, a
large number of tents, with ammuni-
tion and materials of war. The
works were found to be of scientific
construction and great strength and
undoubtedly could have withstood
the heavy fire from the heaviest bat-
tery in the world. This photograph
shows the remains of one of the heavy
Confederate guns blown into atoms
rather than leave it to the Union
forces. Fragments of the gun strew
the ground, together with shell and
grape-shot. The soldiers seen in
works are Union Zouaves. The Con-
federate forces of 50,000 men under
Magruder were pursued by McClel-
Ian's 85,000 Union soldiers to Wil-
liamsburg, after which the enemy re-
tired unmolested behind the lines of
Richmond. While Brady was taking
his photographs at Yorktown, he met
the distinguished Prince de Joinville
and his royal companions of the
House of Orleans, who, for pure love
of adventure, had come from France
and were following the Army of the
Potomac as aides-de-camp, being per-
mitted to serve without taking the
oath of allegiance, and without pay.
The noblemen were eating dinner in
camp when Brady secured this pic-
ture. A few days later Brady met
the Battery C, 3rd U. S. Flying Artil-
lery, on the road to Fair Oaks and
secured a remarkable photograph.
Another picture in this campaign is
the ruins of the Norfolk navy-yard.
It had been the chief naval depot of
the Confederates, but on the tenth of
May, 1862, General John E. Wool,
with 5,000 men, entered the city. The
navy-yard, with its workshops, store-
houses and other buildings had been
wrecked, but two hundred cannon fell
into the hands of the Union forces.
The Confederate ironclad "Merri-
mac" tried to escape up the James,
but grounded and was blown up.
CONFEDERATE WORKS AFTER EVACUATION' OF YORKTOWN
ADVENTUROUS EUROPEAN NOBLEMEN WITH ARMY OF THE POTOMAC IN 1862
RUINS OF NORFOLK NAVY YARD IN 1862
FLYING ARTILLERY ON ROAD TO FAIR OAKS
A FTER the evacuation of York-
l\ town on the fourth of May,
A. \~ in 1862, this picture was
taken. It shows the gen-
erals of the Army of the Potomac in
full uniforms after the hard siege,
and at the very time when they were
maneuvering to drive back the Con-
federates, forcing them to stand in
defense of the Capital of the Confed-
eracy — Richmond. It was through
the personal friendship of Major-
General McClellan that Brady was
allowed to take this rare photograph.
The warriors lined up in front of the
camera on the field at Yorktown. In
the center is General McClellan — a
man in whose veins flowed the blood
of Scotch cautiousness — "Be sure
you're right, then go ahead !" He
was but thirty-six years of age when
he held the great army under his con-
trol. From boyhood he had been a
military tactician. When twenty
years old he was graduated from
West Point, standing second in his
class, and distinguished himself for
gallantry in the Mexican War. Six
years before the outbreak of the Civil
War, when only thirty years old,
McClellan was in Crimea and two
years later he submitted his report to
the Government and resigned from
the army to become vice-president
and chief engineer of the Illinois
Central Railroad. In i860, he was
general superintendent of the Ohio
and Mississippi Railroad. When the
call swept across the continent for
troops to preserve the Nation, the old
war spirit was aroused and McClellan
was one of the first to respond.
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PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT YORKTOWN' OF MCCLELLAN AND HIS OFFICERS ]N l862
BRADY'S cameras took an
active part in the campaign
about Richmond, the Cap-
ital of the Confederacy. Four
of the old negatives are here re-
produced. The first is a view of
light field-works on the Chickahom-
iny, near Fair Oaks. The men are
at the guns ready to receive the attack
and the infantry are hurrying into
line on the right and left of the bat-
tery. The second photograph is
where the battle raged hottest in
June, 1862. In the rear of the bat-
tery of howitzers in the foreground,
is the left of Sickle's brigade in line
of battle. Near the twin houses,
seen still further in the rear, the bod-
ies of over 400 Union soldiers were
buried after the battle. The Confed-
erate loss was 7,907 men killed,
wounded and missing; the Union
loss, 5,739. The headquarters of the
army, at the opening of the seven
days' fight, was at Savage Station,
where vast amounts of rations,
forage, ammunition and hospital
stores were distributed for the use of
the troops. This station fell into the
hands of the enemy together with
many of our sick and wounded sol-
diers during the seven days' battles.
One of these views gives a glimpse of
the field hospital at Savage Station
during the battle. The wounded were
brought in by the hundreds and laid
on the ground and the surgeons may
be seen leaning over them. During
the Peninsula Campaign in 1862, the
army balloon was a valuable aid in
the signal service. This view shows
Professor T. S. C. Lowe in his bal-
loon watching the battle of Fair
Oaks. He can easily discern the
movements of the enemy's troops and
give warning to the generals. The
balloon rises to the desired eleva-
tion and is anchored to a tree.
ARTILLERY IN LINE AT FAIR OAKS IN l862
BATTERY OF HOWITZERS IN BATTLE OF FAIR OAKS
WATCHING BATTLE OF FAIR OAKS FROM BALLOON
THE WOUNDED AT SAVAGE STATION AFTER THE BATTLE
DESPERATE battles day and
night crimsoned the fields in
the siege about Richmond.
McClellan called for rein-
forcements to force his way into the
city, but they failed to arrive. So
dismayed was he that he sent this
warning to Stanton at Washington :
"If I save this army now, I tell you
plainly that I owe no thanks to you,
or any other person in Washington."
This photograph shows the Grape-
vine Bridge on the Chickahominyover
which McClellan passed his army.
This bridge was built by the 15th
New York Engineer Corps. All the
supplies that could be taken in the
wagon trains were hurried over
Grapevine Bridge and the remainder
were burned or abandoned. Hun-
dreds of artillery charges were
opened. Powder was scattered over
the pile and barrels of oil poured on.
At Savage Station a railroad train
loaded with ammunition was set
on fire, then sent, with the locomotive
throttle wide open, to plunge from the
broken tracks into the river, each car
exploding as it reached the surface
of the stream. Grapevine Bridge
was destroyed and Jackson held away
from the Battle of Gaines' Mill,
which undoubtedly saved the Army
of the Potomac from capture.
Through Mechanicville, Gaines' Mill,
Savage Station, Peach Orchard,
White Oak Swamp and Malvern
Hill the Union soldiers fought their
way from the twenty-sixth of June
to the first of July, finally escaping
to Harrison's Landing on the James
River after a loss of 15,249 men. The
Confederates had beaten them back
from Richmond at a cost of 17,583
men. McClellan set up his base of
operations at Harrison's Landing and
remained a menace to Richmond.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT GRAPEVINE BRIUGE OVER THE CHICKAHOMINY
BRILLIANT strokes came like
flashes of lightning. With
McClellan still setting his
heart on taking Richmond,
"Stonewall" Jackson was making
threatening moves towards Washing-
ton. Demonstrations were begun to
plant fear in the Government and
cause sufficient alarm to order the
withdrawal of McClellan to the de-
fense of Washington. This daring
ruse was successful inasmuch as it
completely upset the plans to take
Richmond, and the seat of battle was
almost instantly transferred to the
North. There was no denying it ;
Washington stood in abject fear of
the brilliant Jackson. His presence
in the vicinity of the National Cap-
ital caused much uneasiness. The
stand against him came at Cedar
Mountain, known from its hard fight
as Slaughter Mountain, on the ninth
of August, 1862. At a cost of about
1,400 men, the Union army frustrated
Jackson and depleted his forces to the
extent of 1,307. Brady's cameras
were with the army at Cedar Moun-
tain. The first photograph was taken
just as one of the batteries was ford-
ing a tributary of the Rappahannock.
Another picture was taken of the
Union camp on the battlefield. The
Confederate general, Charles S.
Winder, was struck by a shell while
leading his division on the field. He
was taken to the house shown in one
of these photographs where he died.
The marks of the shells can easily be
seen in the roof. It was about this
time, at Harrison's Landing, that
Brady met the famous Irish Brigade
which was then fighting in the de-
fense of Washington, under Briga-
dier-General Thomas Francis Meag-
her, who had taken prominent part in
a recent rebellion in Ireland. A group
of officers of the sturdy Irish Brigade
sat before one of Brady's cameras.
The charges of this brigade are
among the most daring in warfare.
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OFFICERS OF IRISH BRIGADE AT HARRISON'S LANDING IN l862
HOUSE AT CEDAR MOUNTAIN WHERE GENERAL WINDER DIED
CAMP AND BATTLEFIELD ON CEDAR MOUNTAIN IN l8&2
BATTERY FORDING STREAM NEAR CEDAR MOUNTAIN IN 1862
ONE hundred and sixty thou-
sand men fought in the
Union lines in the Peninsula
campaign. When Lincoln
reviewed the army at Harrison's
Landing, in 1862, lie saw only eighty-
six thousand men. The remainder
had been removed by casualties on the
field or disease. Fifty thousand had
fallen victims to fever or malaria.
The president and his cabinet were
dissatisfied with the conditions and
General Henry Wager Halleck, who
had been showing much ability in the
West, was summoned to Washington
and appointed commander-in-chief.
McClellan was practically deposed
from the Potomac. The Army of
Virginia, under command of Gen-
eral John Pope, was instructed to
cover Washington and guard the
Shenandoah entrance to Maryland.
In taking command of this division,
Pope said to his men : "I have come
to you from the West, where we have
always seen the backs of our ene-
mies." The Confederates were map-
ping routes on a large scale. Bragg
was to advance on Louisville and Cin-
cinnati ; Lee was to invade Maryland
and march upon Washington, Balti-
more and Philadelphia. The capture
of these three cities was to assure
the Independence of the Confederacy.
Lee had 150,000 men and two-thirds
of them were to be taken on this in-
vasion. This is the scheme that was
being worked out when the two arm-
ies met on the thirtieth day of August
at Manassas. The Confederate troops
poured onto the Federal lines and
forced them back beyond Bull Run
until the darkness of the night stopped
the pursuit. Bridges were burned and
railroads destroyed by the Union
Army as they withdrew toward Wash-
ington, making brave stands to hold
back the enemy, only to be driven
back to the banks of the Potomac with
7,800 missing and dead, while the
Confederate lines had 3,700 vacancies.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN BEHIND CONFEDERATE FORTIFICATIONS AT MANASSAS I.N
ENERAL IRVIN MCDOWELL AND OFFICERS IN l862
CONSTERNATION was caused in Washington by the terrible slaughter at Manassas, on the thirtieth
of August, in 1862. The Federal Army was driven from the Virginia valley. The mighty Con-
federate generals Lee, Jackson, and Longstreet, renewed their hopes of entering the National
Capital and pushing into Pennsylvania and Maryland, and as one enthusiastic Southerner exclaimed: "The
Confederate flag will yet wave over Faneuil Hall in Boston." It was but thirteen months since the Union
Army met a fearful defeat along this same stream of Bull Run. After a three weeks' campaign, the Federals,
under Major-General John Pope, were forced to retire and hastened to the defense of Washington which they
believed to be in instant danger of attack. It was in a volley of heavy fire that General Phil Kearney fell
dead from his saddle. Kearney and Lee had been personal friends before the war and Lee sent the body of
his old friend back to the Union headquarters under a flag of truce. During this campaign, Brady secured
an excellent photograph of Major-General Irvin McDowell and staff, who had been in the first battle of Bull
Run and now commanded the Third Army Corps. He also made the acquaintance of General Robert E. Lee,
who had assumed command of the Confederate Army in Virginia in the second battle, two months before.
Standing at Lee's right is Major-General G.W. C. Lee and on his left Colonel Walter Taylor of the Confederates.
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MANASSAS
GENERAL RODERT E. LEE AT MANASSAS
TIRED and hungry, the Federal
soldiers were driven from the
Virginia Valley. The cut-
ting off of supplies had
placed them in a precarious condition.
There was nothing left for them to do
but retreat to the nearest provisions.
Even the 4,000 horses in the cavalry
were so broken down and footsore
that not more than 500 of them were
fit for riding. The only considerable
depot of supplies was at Manassas
Junction and it had fallen into the
hands of the Confederates. A strong
body of cavalry under "Jeb" Stuart,
with 500 infantry, had raided it dur-
ing the night three days before the
battle. These stores were destroyed
by the Confederates as a safer way to
force back the Federals by starvation.
While they brought little succor to the
rank and file of the Confederate army
they left the Union soldiers without
food. One of Brady's cameras
reached Manassas Junction shortly
after the destruction and this is the
negative that was taken. The rail-
road train is wrecked, the engine is
derailed, and the cars have been loot-
ed. 50,000 pounds of bacon, 1,000
barrels of corned beef, 2,000 barrels
of salt pork, 2,000 barrels of flour,
two train loads with stores and cloth-
ing, large quantities of forage, 42
wagons and ambulances, 200 tents,
300 prisoners, 200 negroes, eight
pieces of artillery with their horses
and equipments, and 175 horses other
than those belonging to the artillery
fell into the possession of the enemy.
Immense quantities of quartermas-
ters' and commissaries' stores were
burned. Only rations enough for a
single day were saved .by the captors.
The conflict was too hot and the ac-
tion too swift to allow carrying them
along on the movement into the
North. With these provisions gone
the Union army was in dire want.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT RUINS OF MANASSAS JUNCTION, VIRGINIA, IN 1S62
THE pursuit by the Confederates
toward the very gates of
Washington, after the route
of the Union army along Bull
Run, was stopped only by the thought-
fulness of the retreating Federals in
destroying their bridges. Lee, in his
report after the battle, says: "After a
fierce combat, which raged until after
nine o'clock, Pope's Union Army
was completely defeated and driven
beyond Bull Run. The darkness of
the night, his destruction of the Stone
Bridge after crossing, and the uncer-
tainty of the fords, stopped the pur-
suit." This photograph is an actual
verification of the truth of Lee's ex-
cuse. Brady arrived on the follow-
ing day and this picture shows the
ruins as he found them. It would
have been foolhardy for an army in
the blackness of night to have at-
tempted to tramp through wreckage,
the extent of which they knew noth-
ing, and water the depth of which was
questionable. Bull Run was a treach-
erous stream with its rocks and holes.
Moreover, the Confederate soldiers,
after the fearful struggle through
which they had passed, were not in a
condition to travel through the night
in drenched and mud-soaked clothing.
The Union forces at the fierce
battle of Manassas were: Army of
Virginia, under Pope — ist Corps
under Major-General Franz Sigel ;
Third Corps under Major-General
Irvin McDowell ; Second Corps under
MajOr-General Nathaniel P. Ranks;
Army of the Potomac — Third Corps
under Major-General S. P. Heintzel-
man ; Fifth Corps under Major-Gen-
eral Fitzjohn Porter ; Ninth Corps
under Major-General Jesse L. Reno.
APH TAKEN AT RUINS OF STONE BRIDGE OVER BULL RUN IN l862
THE DEAD ALONG HAGERSTOWN ROAD AFTER BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
THRILLED with the victory at Manassas, the second Bull Run, the leader of the
Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, ordered an immediate movement to the North with
all the chances of glorious triumph in his favor. It was conceded even by the
military tacticians of the Government that Lee could march to Washington with
probabilities of entrance. He was aware that a direct attack was feasible, but he desired
to cross the Potomac into Maryland and enter the National Capital from the north, thus
giving him a free route to the great municipalities of the North. It is probable that he
even had visions of the capture of New York. While developing this military strategem
he met the Federals in the open at Antietam. It was the seventeenth of September in 1S62.
General McClellan was in command and Lee's fondest dreams were blasted. The men of
both armies fought as they never fought before. Brady's cameras were soon on the scene
and secured many negatives of this bloody day. The one above reveals the west side of
Hagerstown Road after the battle. The bodies of the dead are strewn thickly beside the
fence, just as they fell. The guns succeeded in getting an excellent range of this road,
and slaughtered the enemy like sheep. This view of some of the men just as they fell, is
only a glimpse of many groups of dead in that terrible combat. Brady " caught " the In-
dependent Pennsylvania Battery E, well known as Knapp's Battery, shortly after the battle.
SIGNAL CORPS WATCHING BATTLE FROM HILLSIDE AT ANTIETAM
ARTILLERY AFTER THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
THIS is believed to be the first
. photograph ever taken of
armies in battle on the West-
ern Continent. The historic
negative was taken from the hill over-
looking the battle of Antietara. It
shows the artillery in terrific conflict
and the fire belching from the can-
non's month. The clouds of smoke
rising from the valley tell the fearful
story of that seventeenth day of Sep-
tember, in 1862, when 25,899 Confed-
erates were killed, wounded and cap-
tured at the cost of 12,469 Union
men. On the left of the lines stand
the reserve artillery waiting for the
call to action. One can almost hear
the voice of "Little Mac" urging his
men on to victory. The defeat at
Manassas, and the destruction of
Pope's trains, with the hot haste in
which the troops had passed through
Washington, gave no time for the
issuance of shoes, socks or other nec-
essaries. The men who had tramped
through the Chickahominy swamps
and down the Virginia Valley were
ragged and bleeding, but when the
.order rose above the tumult: "Give
ground to the right," a mighty cheer
swept along the lines as a cavalry
of horsemen galloped madly to the
front, for the men in the ranks knew
that McClellan was coming. There
was not a man at Antietam who did
not know that it was a last desperate
chance to thwart the great Lee from
marching on to Washington, and pos-
sibly Baltimore and Philadelphia.
The people in the North eagerly
awaited the news. The National Cap-
ital was almost in a state of panic
It was the hardest fought and bloodi-
est single day's battle of the war and
more men were killed than in any
single day's fight during the conflict.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN DURING THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM IN 1862
GENERAL JOSEPH HOOKER AND HIS FAVORITE HORSE AT ANTIETAM
SCOUTS AND GUIDES WITH THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
PICKETS IN THE LEAD OF THE ARMY IN 1862
THE scouts and guides of the Civil War saved the armies from many
defeats by their shrewdness and bravery. Upon them rested the
great responsibility of leading the soldiers through the unknown
country to advantageous and safe positions. During the Penin-
sula campaign in 1862 a group of these men sat before one of Brady's
cameras. A photograph was also secured at a reserve picket station near
the Potomac. The advance picket was a short distance ahead and upon
the approach of the enemy began firing, and gradually fell back on these
reserves, who keep up a continuous fire as they retire slowly, fighting as
they go, giving time for the army to form into line for battle. About
this same time an excellent picture was secured of "Fighting Joe" Hooker
standing beside his horse. Hooker was seriously wounded at Antietam
and borne from the field. Still another photograph shown here is the
"Sunken Road" or "Bloody Lane" at Antietam, in which the Confederate
dead lay three deep for a distance of half a mile. This ditch was used
by the Confederates as a rifle pit. A Union battery succeeded in getting
an excellent range of the road and this view, taken the day after the battle,
shows the dead just as they fell. It is a scene of slaughter that few men
have ever seen and its horrors are here preserved in detail by the camera.
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DEAD IN SUNKEN ROAD AFTER BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
STONEWALL JACKSON, in
speaking of the battle of An-
tietam, said: "The carnage on
both sides was terrific. The
hottest fight seemed to center about
Dunker Church, where there were no
less than four charges and counter-
charges. Each army had taken and
retaken the ground until it was lit-
erally carpeted with dead and dying
men." The Confederates posted a
battery of light artillery outside of the
little building used for religious ser-
vices by the sect known as the Dun-
kers. This photograph shows where
one gun of the battery stood. The
dead artillerymen and horses, and the
shell-holes through the little church,
prove how terrible a fire was rained
onto this spot by the Union batteries.
Another view on this page shows the
dead collected for burial after the bat-
tle of Antietam. The wounded were
taken from the battlefield to an im-
provised hospital which consisted of
canvas stretched over stakes driven
into the ground. A view is here
given of one of these hospitals in
which wounded Confederate prison-
ers are being relieved of their suffer-
ing. One of the most interesting of
these photographs is Burnside Bridge.
With fixed bayonets the Union sol-
diers started on their mission of death,
rushing over the slope leading to the
bridge, and engaging in fierce combat
with the enemy. The fire that swept
ic was more than they could stand
and they were obliged to retire. Two
heavy guns were placed in position
and aimed upon the Confederates. In
a maddening charge, the bayonets
again flashed in the light and the
Union soldiers swept everything be-
fore them, planting the Stars and
Stripes on the opposite bank. Five
hundred of their men lay dead behind
them. By this time Burnside had
crossed the stream and after a quick
encounter the battle was ended with
both armies severely punished and
neither inclined to resume the fight.
BURNSIDE BRIDGE AT ANTIETAM IN 1862
THE DEAD COLLECTED FOR BURIAL AFTER BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
FIELD HOSPITAL AT ANTIETAM BATTLEFIELD IN 1862
DEAD ARTILLERYMEN AT DUNKER S CHURCH, ANTIETAM
THE last echo of the guns of
Antietam had hardly died
away when the great Lincoln
and the cautious McClellan
stood literally at swords' points at the
very instant when the Confederacy
was repulsed and weakened. Lin-
coln was positive that this was the
opportune moment to take the offen-
sive and drive the Confederates into
the South. McClellan insisted that
his soldiers were suffering; that they
needed shoes and supplies ; that the
cavalry horses were fatigued. He felt
that the Government had been saved
by his men and that the administra-
tion should now provide them with
proper clothing and food before they
plunged again into the wilderness.
President Lincoln hurried to the bat-
tlefield of Antietam on the first of
October, in 1862, to learn the real
condition. While the president and
"Little Mac" were seated in General
McClellan's tent about noon on the
third of October, with maps and plans
on the table before them, discussing
the situation, Lincoln submitted to
having this photograph taken. The
silk hat of the president lies on the ta-
ble over which is thrown an American
flag. It is a remarkable likeness of
the great American and the negative
is treasured as one of the most valu-
able contributions to our National
records. In speaking of this visit,
McClellan said: "We spent some time
on the battlefield and conversed fully
on the state of affairs. He told me
that he was entirely satisfied with me
and with all that I had done; that he
would stand by me. He parted from
me with the utmost cordiality. We
never met again on this earth." On
the following morning Lincoln re-
turned to Washington. Two days
later McClellan received an order
from Washington to immediately
move onto the enemy and engage
them in battle. The breach between
the two men was now irreparable.
McClellan believed that it was the in-
fluence of Stanton whom he had
accused of working deliberately
against him. It was nineteen day's
before he began the movement and on
the fifth of November, Lincoln issued
this order: "By direction of the presi-
dent it is ordered that Major-General
McClellan be relieved from the com-
mand of the Army of the Potomac,
and that Major-General Burnside
take command of that army."
PHOTOGRAPH TAKE
(50)
WHEN Lincoln visited the
battlefield of Antietam,
he was accompanied by
Allan Pinkerton, chief of
the Secret Service, known under the
alias of Major Allen. On the morn-
ing of the third of October, 1862,
when he was leaving McClellan's tent
to look over the army in camp, he
again stood before one of the war
cameras and this rare photograph is
the witness. Comparatively few of
this generation have any clear idea
of how the real Lincoln looked as he
passed through the heart-rending or-
deal from 1861 to 1865. This photo-
graph shows him in his characteristic
attitude. At his right stands Pinker-
ton, one of the shrewdest detectives
that the world has produced. The
officer in uniform is Major John A.
McClernand, who was appointed to
command the Army of the West and
fought at Fort Donelson, Shiloh and
Vicksburg, but who was in the East
at this time. From Lincoln's visit re-
sulted McClellan's deposal. Never be-
fore or since has such a scene been
witnessed in any army as the one
when McClellan took leave of his offi-
cers and soldiers. Seated on a mag-
nificent steed, at the head of his bril-
liant staff, he rode down the lines,
lifting his cap as the regimental colors
fell into salute. Whole regiments
dropped their muskets to cheer their
hero. The tears came to McClellan's
eyes and the vast army shook with
emotion. As he was boarding the
train troops fired a salute. Impas-
sioned soldiers wildly insisted that he
should not leave them, and uttered
bitter imprecations against those who
had deprived them of their beloved
commander. It was a moment of
fearful excitement. A word, or a
look of encouragement, would have
been the signal for a revolt, the con-
sequences of which no man can meas-
ure. McClellan stepped to the plat-
form of the car. He spoke slowly
but appealing!)': "Stand by General
Burnside as you have stood by me,
and all will be well!" A calm fell
over the soldiers and they bade
farewell to their idolized commander.
McClellan, upon reaching Washing-
ton, remained less than an hour and
proceeded at once to Trenton. From
that time he never again saw
Lincoln, or Stanton, or Halleck.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE LINCOLN WAS PASSING THROUGH CAMP AT ANTIETAM IN l862
A FEW days after Bnrnside re-
placed McClellan in com-
mand of the Army of the
Potomac, this photograph
was taken while he was with his
staff at Warrenton, Virginia, in the
middle of November, in 1862. Burn-
side is here seen in the midst of his
officers, with one hand characteristi-
cally tucked into his coat and the
other holding a written military or-
der. Burnside was a graduate of
West Point and when twenty-four
years old helped to take the Capital
in the Mexican War. He had also
been an Indian fighter and during
those days made a journey of over a
thousand miles across the plains in
seventeen days, accompanied by only
three men, to carry dispatches to
President Filmore. At twenty-nine
years of age he resigned from the
United States Army and invented the
Burnside rifle. He was one of McClel-
lan's intimate friends, and while a
civilian he was engaged with him on
the Illinois Central Railroad. Burn-
side was in New York when the Civil
War broke out and hurried to the
front in command of the First Rhode
Island Volunteers. He fought at the
first battle of Bull Run and com-
manded an expedition that stormed
the North Carolina coast. He was in
the famous Battle of Roanoke Island
and Newbern and as a reward for
these successes he was given the rank
of major-general. He later fought
the Battle of Camden, attacked and
reduced Fort Macon, and during the
Peninsula Campaign fought at the
Battle of South Mountain and An-
tietam. When Lincoln first offered
Burnside the command held by
McClellan it is said that he refused
it three times. Not until he knew
that his friend must go did he con-
cede to the wishes of the president.
When Burnside took command of the
Union forces he was but thirty-nine
years old, but an experienced warrior.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE MAJOR-GENERAL AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE WAS ENCAMPED WITH HIS STAFF IN 10
GENERAL EDWIN V. SUMNER AND STAFF IN PENINSULA CAMPAIGN IN l862
SHORTLY after the battle of Antietam this photograph was taken of General Sumner,
who was distinguished for gallantry on that bloody field. Sumner is seen standing on
the steps in the center of a group of officers. At this time he was a warrior sixty-six
years of age and had seen a long life of hard fighting. He was born during the first days of
the American Republic, in the year 1796. When twenty-three years old he became a second
lieutenant in the United States Infantry and served with distinction during the Black Hawk
War. He later had command of a cavalry school and at the outbreak of the Mexican War he
led an attack against five thousand lancers and was breveted colonel. With the cessation of this
conflict he took charge of the Department of New Mexico, and was later ordered to Europe
on official business, Upon his return he entered into border warfare and defeated the
Cheyenne Indians. When Lincoln was elected president, Sumner was selected to accompany
him from Springfield to Washington and was promoted brigadier-general. Sumner was
active in the Peninsula Campaign and was promoted to major-general. He fought through
the Maryland Campaign, and at Antietam his corps made one of the fiercest charges over
the field, carrying destruction and death. He commanded the right wing at the battle of
Fredericksburg and was ordered to the West, but while preparing to depart he died suddenly.
WHILE the campaigns against Richmond and Washington were being waged, hard
fighting was taking place in the Southwest. Grant was in command of the Army
of the Tennessee. Buell was near Chattanooga, facing Bragg who threatened Louis-
ville. Rosecranz was at the head of the Army of the Mississippi and occupied Alabama and
Northern Mississippi. Terrific engagements had taken place at Fort Donelson and Shiloh,
Tennessee. The Guerilla Campaign was being waged in Missouri. There were frequent
clashes in Kentucky and Arkansas, but Mississippi seemed to be the battle-ground. Corinth,
in that state, was considered the military key to Tennessee. It was in the conflict for the con-
trol of this coveted position that the Confederates made one of their bravest charges. A
photograph is here shown of Fort Robinette which was protected by Federal guns. The South-
erners charged almost to the cannon's mouth, only to be swept back by the murderous shower
of lead. The second charge stands as a wonderful example of human courage. Colonel Rogers
of Texas, led the column, and scaled the breastwork, falling inside. Three charges were
made, but the Confederates were finally forced to retreat. The Federal loss at this battle of
Corinth in killed, wounded and missing was 2,359; tne Confederates left behind them 9,423.
IN FRONT OF THE EARTHWORKS AT FORT ROBINETTE IN CORINTH, MISSISSIPPI
WITH colors flying, arma-
ment in first-class condi-
tion, and soldiers well-
clothed and fed, the
Union lines under the new command
of Burnside began offensive opera-
tions against Virginia. This had
been Lincoln's long desire. The
scene of action was now to be forced
away from the National Capital. On
a bright morning in November, the
men who had served under McClel-
lan marched in three grand divisions
to their new campaign. The Rappa-
hannock was reached on the seven-
teenth, but the bridge across the river
had been destroyed by the Confeder-
ates who were intrenched in Fred-
ericksburg on the opposite bank.
Pontoons promised by the Govern-
ment had not yet arrived. "Where
are my pontoons?" wired Burnside.
"They will start to-morrow," came
the reply from the War Department.
It was the tenth of December before
the engineers could build their bridges
and in the meantime ill-feeling had
arisen between Burnside and the Gov-
ernment. The fatal delay had en-
abled Lee to concentrate his army on
Marye's Heights, overlooking Fred-
ericksburg. The work of building
five bridges across the Rappahannock
was begun under a drawn musketry
fire from the opposite bank of the
river. Nearly every blow of a ham-
mer cost a human life. Burnside
ordered his artillerymen to open fire
on the city. Fredericksburg became
a mass of ruins. This photograph
shows abutments of the destroyed
bridge. The trees are cropped short
by the artillery fire from the Union
guns. The Confederate sharpshoot-
ers were concealed in the buildings on
the opposite river front. Burnside
ordered his men to cross the river on
a line of pontoon boats. The sharp-
shooters were driven from their shel-
ter while the bridge building was
completed. The river was crossed.
At dawn, the twelfth of September,
both armies stood ready for combat.
PHOTOCRAPH TAKEN ON THE RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER AFTER INSTRUCTION OF BRIDGE TO FREDERICKSBURG IN l862
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ALONG THE SUNKEN ROAD AT FREDERICKSBURG AFTER THE BATTLE IN 1863
CONFRONTED by sheets of
flame, the Union Army made
its attack on Fredericksburg
on the morning of the thir-
teenth of December, in 1862. The
Confederates occupied the Heights
with a line five and a half miles long
and fortified with earthworks and
artillery. The Federals moved
through the town under a heavy fire
of Confederate batteries. Marye's
Hill was protected at its base by a
stone wall, back of which was a
sunken road, occupied by two bri-
gades of Confederate infantry. The
charging columns of the Union Army
were rushing across the open ground
under a fierce artillery fire when sud-
denly they were confronted by a rain
of lead from the sunken road back of
the stone wall. Nearly half of the
charging column was shot down and
the remainder fell back. Five thou-
sand more charged in the same man-
ner. Some of them approached with-
in twenty yards of the wall, but fell
back, leaving two thousand of their
number on the field. Twelve thou-
sand men were again charged against
Marye's Heights, but scarcely four
thousand returned. The Union ranks
were depleted by 12,355, while the
Confederates held their position with
a loss of but 4,576, and the Federal
Army withdrew across the Rappa-
hannock and Lee held Fredericksburg.
p'TW^lFTM
POISONED SPRING OF CHICKASAW BAYOU
THE end of 1862, in the Civil War, found the army in the East in
camp at Falmouth, Virginia, after severe reverses. In the
Southwest a vigorous campaign was being waged by the heroes
of Iuka and Corinth, Mississippi. Grant was in supreme com-
mand of the Federal corps in northern Mississippi. A movement was
in operation against Vicksburg. Sherman was attempting to get into the
rear of the city by the Chickasaw Bayou road which ran from the Yazoo
battlefield to the Walnut Hills, six miles above the city. His column of
thirty thousand men was defeated and driven back with dreadful slaughter
on the twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth of December. Rosecranz was
established at Nashville, while Bragg was putting his men into winter
huts at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The Federal troops enjoyed Christmas
in camp and on the following morning, in a cold rain, the Army of the
Cumberland advanced to Stone River where it enters the Cumberland
River just above Nashville. At sunrise on the last day of 1862, Rose-
cranz's army met Bragg's forces with a deafening roar of artillery and
musketry that fairly caused the earth to tremble. The fighting on both
sides was of a determined character. The fields were literally covered
with dead and dying men. Victory was claimed by both the Federals and
the Confederates. Photographs are here shown of Chickasaw Bayou
and the deadly Poison Spring on the battlefield ; also an excellent por-
trait of the medical corps of the Army of the Potomac, in camp under
charge of Dr. Jonathan Letterman, a prominent battlefield surgeon.
MEDICAL CORPS OF ARMY OF POTOMAC IN CAMP UNDER SUKUEUxN JUiNAlHAN LETTERMAN
EVERY AMERICAN citizen pledges his "life,
fortune and sacred honor" to the truth that "all
men are created free and equal," and that they
are endowed by their Creator, with certain "unalienable
rights." It was fidelity to this oath, as sacred as life
itself, that led the American people to rush" to arms" to
defend it.
The mobilization of a volunteer
army, of freemen born and bred in the
arts of peace, never was known until
the new Republic of the Western Hemi-
sphere championed the cause of Liberty
and common manhood. Battle-trained
monarchies declared that it could not
be maintained; that the hundreds of
thousands of men who were offering
their services to their country could
never stand the severe exposures and
deprivations of warfare. The tongues
of the Nations knew not what they were
talking. These men were fighters, not
by training or nature, but by an honest
impulse of the heart they were patriots.
It was not love of adventure that urged
the strongest men of the North to leave
home and family and shoulder a
musket under the Stars and Stripes; nor
was it a brutal love of combat that mar-
shalled the best manhood of the South
to the flag of the Confederacy. It was
an impulse that no people had ever be-
fore felt. It was a sense of justice that
was early kindled in the American Heart
with the first tidings of the Declaration of Independence.
While the anguish of the Civil War was brooding
over the Nation, mountain and valley, plain and forest,
farm and factory — from ocean to ocean — offered its strong-
est manhood in defense of the country. New York, the
largest state in the Western World, sent the greatest
number of men to the line of battle — 448,850; then came
Pennsylvania with 337,936; Ohio with 313,180, and
Illinois with 259,092. Indiana came to the front with
196,363; Massachusetts with 146,730, and Missouri
brought 109,111.
MAJOR-GENERAL
One day during the ii
Burnside was mounted
brought into focus and,
AMBROSE EVERETT BURNSIDE ON HIS HORSE ON THE BATTLEFIELD IN i86j
nerval between the defeat at Fredericksburg;, Virginia, and the siege at Knoxville, Tennessee, General
on his favorite charger, viewing his army maneuvers in the distance, when one of the Brady cameras was
with the General's permission, the negative was secured— General Burnside valued this photograph highly
Wisconsin offered 61,327 of her sons; Michigan,
87,364; New Jersey, 76,814; Iowa, 76,242; Kentucky,
75,760; Maine, 70,107, and Connecticut, 55,864.
Maryland marched under the Stars and Stripes with
46,638; New Hampshire with 33,937, Vermont with
33,288; West Virginia, 32,068; Tennessee, 31,092; Minn-
esota with 24,020; Rhode Island, 23,236, and Kansas,
20,149.
From the Pacific Coast, California answered with
15,725; District of Columbia contributed 16,534 t0 tne
support of the Government; Delaware furnished 12,284
men; Arkansas, 8,289; New Mexico,
6,561. The Southern State of Louisiana,
dear to the heart of the Confederacy,
came to the support of the Union with
5,224; Colorado with 4,903; Nebraska,
3,157; North Carolina, 3, 156; Alabama,
2,576. The border state of Texas sent
1,965; far-away Oregon, 1,810; Florida,
1,290; Nevada, 1,080; Washington gave
964; Mississippi, 545, and Dakota, 206.
These are the contributions of the states.
The Negro Race, the freedom of which
was one of the results of the War, sup-
ported their cause with 186,097 troops,
while the Indian Nation sent 3,530.
In the regular army there were enlisted
duting the War about 67,000 men.
There were thousands of brave soldiers
who fought in the Civil War, claiming
no Commonwealth as their home, but
who joined the ranks as Common Ameri-
cans.
The spirit which animated the
American People is shown by several
occasions when troops were needed to
avert impending disaster, and they
poured into the army from remote states
with incredible speed. The year 1863 witnessed the
battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, of Vicksburg
and Chickamauga and Chattanooga. It was the turning
point in the struggle and Brady's cameras caught many
of the most dramatic scenes worthy of reproduction.
"Y
iIGHTING Joe" Hooker is
one of the notable figures
of the Civil War. When
a boy of fourteen years,
he entered West Point and served in
the Mexican War in the same regi-
ment with "Stonewall" Jackson. His
early life was crowded with hard
fighting and when thirty-nine years
of age he resigned from the army and
went to California, where he became
superintendent of the National Road
and also entered into agriculture. He
answered the call to arms in 1861 and
entered into the defense of Washing-
ton. During the battles around Fair
Oaks, Hooker led his men courage-
ously into many daring positions. His
bravery at Malvern Hill gave him the
rank of major-general, and at Antie-
tam he fell wounded before the Con-
federate guns while trying to force
the army into a complete surrender.
He commanded the center at Freder-
icksburg. On the twenty-sixth of
January, 1863, he was appointed to
the command of the Army of the Poto-
mac and began its thorough reorgani-
zation. On the twenty-eighth of
April he crossed the Rappahannock
and arrived at Chancellorsville two
days later. On the second of May,
a fearful onslaught was made by
"Stonewall" Jackson — his old com-
rade of the Mexican War as a foe.
"Stonewall" Jackson was wounded by
one of his own sentinels. His men,
who were devoted to him, lost heart,
and, after a battle of three days,
Hooker succeeded in withdrawing his
army in safety, after losses in killed,
wounded and missing of 16,030
against a Confederate loss of 12,281.
This photograph of Hooker and his
staff was taken shortly after this bat-
tle at Chancellorsville. Hooker may
be seen sitting in the second chair
from the right. This is considered an
excellent likeness of the warrior.
I'HUTUGKAPH TAKEN
FTEK THE BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE IN 1S63 — MAJOR-GENERAL JOSEPH HOOKER AND STAFF
THE retreat from Chancellors-
ville began on the fourth of
May, in 1863. In the midst
of a pouring rain, with am-
munition wagons and cavalry strug-
gling hub-deep through the mud, the
Federals moved back to the Rappa-
hannock. The ponderous batteries,
with heavy wheels wrapped in blan-
kets, passed over the road. Then
came the ordnance supply trains,
swathed in strips of cloth, followed
by columns of hurrying infantry.
During the remainder of May, neither
of the armies assumed an offensive
attitude. Lee, now in high hopes, be-
gan preparations for a second inva-
sion in Maryland. Panic again seized
the people of the North. Lin-
coln called on Pennsylvania for 50,000
militia; Ohio, 30,000; New York,
20,000 ; Maryland and Virginia,
10,000 each. The Army of the Poto-
mac had lost all of its two years' ser-
vice men and its strength did not
reach 100,000. The Confederacy had
been endeavoring for months to in-
duce England to recognize it as a sep-
arate nation, but learned that it must
first conquer Northern territory.
Lee's movements began early in June
and resulted in frequent skirmishes as
he approached the Potomac! This
photograph was taken immediately
after one of these encounters at Aldie,
Virginia, on the seventeenth of June,
1863. The Confederate cavalry, un-
der "Jeb" Stuart, was guarding the
passes of the Bull Run mountains and
watching Hooker's Army. There was
a succession of cavalry combats and
many Confederates were taken pris-
oners. This view shows a group of
Confederates under a Union guard
composed largely of negro soldiers.
.ONG LINE OF CONFEDERATE PRISONERS AFTER CAVALRY CHARGE IN 1S63
IN the stirring scenes of war there
is nothing more exciting than to
see a battery take position in
battle. On the sixth of June,
in 1863, this picture was secured by
the government photographers just as
the artillery was going into action on
the south bank of the Rappahannock
River. It is one of the earliest
attempts to secure a photograph at
the instant of motion and was taken
at a strategic moment during Sedg-
wick's reconnoisance. An artillery-
man who remembers the day says that
while a battery has not the thrill of
the cavalry charge, nor the grimness
of a line of bayonets moving to
slaughter, there is an intense emotion
about it that brings the tears to the
eyes and the cheers to the throats of
battle-scarred veterans. Every horse
on the gallop, every rider lashing his
t am and yelling; through ugly
clumps of bushes ; over fallen logs
and falling men — the sight is one that
can never be forgotten. The guns
jump from the ground as the heavy
wheels strike a rock or lunge from a
ditch, but not a horse slackens his
pace, not a cannoneer loses his seat.
Six guns, six caissons, sixty horses,
eighty men race for the brow of the
hill. Boom ! Boom ! The ground
shakes and trembles. The roar shuts
out all sound from a line several miles
long. Shells shriek through the
swamps, cutting down great trees,
mowing deep gaps in regiments of
men. It is like a tornado howling
through the forest, followed by bil-
lows of fire. There are men to-day
who will look upon this picture and
live again the scenes which it recalls.
Artillery is the great support of armies
and often saves them from defeat.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AS ARTILLERY WAS GOING INTO ACTION ON THE RAPPAHANNOCK IN 1863
THERE have been few men in
American wars more daring
than General George A. Cus-
ter. As a cavalryman, he
won a place in military history by his
bravery. Custer was a captain on the
staff of General Pleasonton during
the operations early in 1863. This
photograph was taken near Brandy
Station, Virginia, in June, 1863. It
shows Custer on his black war-horse
conferring with Pleasonton who is
astride a gray charger. The Confed-
erate cavalry had succeeded in break-
ing a part of the Federal rank.
Pleasonton turned in his saddle and
called to Custer: "Ride to our right
and get the battery in position to reply
to these infernal guns." Custer spurred
his horse into the thunder of cannon
and the crash of musket and carbine
volleys. "The man is lost," mut-
tered Pleasonton. Suddenly, emerg-
ing from the bank of smoke, the
Union batteries wheeled into view
under the rapid fire. Custer dashed
across the field. From that moment
he became a notable figure in the
war. He was then but twenty-three
years of age, but was immediately
appointed bv Lincoln a brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers. In speaking of
him, General Pleasonton said: "I re-
gard Custer as one of the finest cav-
alry officers in the world, and, there-
fore, have placed him in command of
what is no doubt the best cavalry bri-
gade in the world." Custer was
about six feet tall, with sharp blue
eyes, and light hair hanging over his
shoulders. He had a slight impedi-
ment in his speech and uttered a shrill
yell as he rushed like an avalanche at
his foe. Pie wore a black velvet jacket,
slouched hat and a red scarf cravat.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE CAPTAIN GEORGE A. CUSTER AND MAJOR-GENERAL ALFRED PLEASONTON WERE AT BRANDY STATION, VIRGINIA, IN I&
THE Army of the Potomac lay
massed about the city of
Frederick. Lee was rushing
toward the Susquehanna.
Hooker disagreed with Halleck at
Washington regarding his method of
attack and resigned his command, re-
questing instant release from further
responsibility. Lincoln accepted the
resignation and appointed General
George G. Meade to the chief com-
mand. In the midst of this moment-
ous campaign the great army changed
leaders. This photograph was taken
shortly after Meade began his opera-
tions. It shows him with his generals
of the Army of the Potomac. Meade
occupies the chair in the center of the
picture. At this time he was about
forty-eight years of age. He had
graduated from West Point when
nineteen years old, but resigned the
following year and remained out of
the army for the next six years, but
returned in the period preceding the
Mexican War, after which he was en-
gaged in the survey of the northern
lakes. He was one of the first to re-
spond to the call in 1861. He took
part in the early engagements of the
Army of the Potomac and was in the
Battle of Mechanicsville and Gaine's
Mills and the Battle of Newmarket
Crossroads. When Hooker was
wounded at Antietam, Meade took
charge of a corps and continued the
brave fight during the remainder of
the day. He had two horses killed
under him and was slightly wounded,
but did not leave the field. At Fred-
ericksburg he led his men boldly to
the Confederate works. In the Battle
of Chancellorsville, Meade's corps
carried the earth-works and fought
fearlessly. On the twenty-eighth
day of June, in 1863, Meade
assumed command of the Army of the
Potomac. The tide of battle seemed
to turn with his appointment and his
victories are almost unparalleled.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHEN MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE COMMANDED THE ARMY OK THE POTOMAC
THE turning point of the Civil
War is the Battle of Gettys-
burg. From that clay the
Confederate cause began to
wane. Few battles of modern times
show such great percentage of loss.
Out of the one hundred and sixty
thousand men engaged on both sides,
forty-four thousand were killed or
wounded. Brady's cameras reached
the field of battle in time to perpetuate
some of its scenes. The ghastliness
of the pictures is such that it is with
some hesitation that any of them are
presented in these pages. It is on the
horrors of war, however, that all pleas
of peace are based. Only by depict-
ing its gruesomeness can the age of
arbitration be hastened. It is with
this in mind that this photograph is
here revealed. There is probably not
another in existence that witnesses
more fear ful tragec]y. The photo-
graph is taken on the field of Gettys-
burg about nineteen hours after the
last day's battle. It shows a Union
soldier terribly mutilated by a shell of
a Confederate gun. His arm is torn
off and may be seen on the ground
near his musket. The shell that killed
this soldier disemboweled him in its
fiendishness. This picture is as won-
derful as it is horrible and should do
more in the interest of peace than
any possible argument. Something
of the bloodshed on the battlefield of
Gettysburg may be understood when
it is considered that the battlefield,
which covered nearly twenty-five
square miles, was literally strewn with
dead bodies, many of them mutilated
even worse than the one in this pic-
ture. The surviving veterans of Get-
tysburg have seen war's most horrible
aspects. Gallant and daring com-
manders led those brave men in that
three days' inferno, from the first
to the "third of July, in 1863.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ON THE FIELD OF GETTYSBURG AFTER THE BATTLE IN 1863
BOROUGH OF GETTYSBURG IN 1863 — SCENE OF ONE OF WORLD'S GREATEST CONFLICTS
GETTYSBURG witnessed
some of the hardest fighting
that the world has ever
seen. This photograph was
taken a short time after the battle in
1863. This little borough became a
field of carnage. In the surrounding
hills occurred the terrific conflict of
Big Round Top and Little Round
Top, Seminary Ridge and Cemetery
Ridge, and Culp's Hill, the Bloody
Wheatfield and Peach Orchard. A
view is given of the little house in
which General Meade made his head-
quarters. On the first day of battle
this house was in direct range of the
artillery fire rained by the Confed-
erates on the Union lines just before
Pickett's great charge. The horses
of General Meade's aides were
hitched to the fence and trees near the
house. Sixteen of these horses were
killed during the artillery fire, and
their dead bodies are seen in the road.
MEADE S HEADQUARTERS ON CEMETERY RIDGE
LEE S HEADQUARTERS ON SEMINARY RIDGE
DEAD ARTILLERY HORSES AFTER FIGHT AT TROSTLE S HOUSE AND EARN IN GETTYSBURG
SOME knowledge of the slaugh-
ter of Gettysburg may be
gained by this picture of Tros-
tle's house and barn at which
was stationed a Union battery of light
artillery. This view shows where
the guns stood. Sixty-five of the
eighty-eight artillery horses were left
dead on the field. About this time,
on the last day of the greatest battle
of the war, Pickett made his fierce
charge, which is one of the mightiest
in history. It was witnessed by the
two great armies in the middle of the
afternoon of a summer day — a most
spectacular tragedy of magnificent
courage. It has been said that Gettys-
burg was the common soldier's battle
and that its great results were due,
not so much to military strategy as to
the intelligent courage and the mag-
nificent heroism of the brave soldiers.
CONFEDERATE DEAD ON GETTYSBURG "WHEATFIELD"
SHATTERED CAISSON — GETTYSBURG PEACH ORCHARD
DEAD AMONG THE ROCKS OF LITTLE ROUND TOP ON GETTYSBURG BATTLEFIELD
DEAD SHARPSHOOTER IN "DEVIL'S DEn" ON LITTLE ROUND TOP AT GETTYSBURG
GETTYSBURG is the "Water-
loo of the American Conti-
nent." A photograph is
here shown of the dead sol-
diers lying on the battlefield. To si-
lence Hazlett's Battery, which was
posted on the summit of Little Round
Top, the Confederates pushed their
sharpshooters among the rocks in the
mountain. A few hours before these
photographs were taken one of these
sharpshooters mortally wounded Gen-
eral Weed, who was directing the
movement of his troops from the sum-
mit. Lieutenant Hazlett, who was an
old schoolmate of the fallen general,
was commanding the battery and has-
tened to take the dying words of his
friend and comrade, when he, too, fell
dead, pierced by a bullet from the
dread sharpshooters. Like a flash the
guns of the battery were turned on
the "Devil's Den" from which came
the fatal shots as this picture attests.
UNCOVERED CONFEDERATE GRAVE AT GETTYSBURG
CONFEDERATE DEAD IN WHEATFIELD AT GETTYSBURG
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EARTHWORKS AT CULp's HILL AT GETTYSBURG IN 1863
TENTS ALONG RIVER FRONT AT VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI, IN 1863
iS the tide of battle drifted to the West in 1863, the war photographers hurried to the region
r\ of the Mississippi. Grant had been pursuing his operations toward Vicksburg. With
Sherman and McClernand, he was maneuvering to take the key to the South by storm.
A photograph is here shown of Champion Hills near Big Black River territory, on the outskirts
of Vicksburg, where the armies first met. The Confederates held a strong line of earthworks
on the eastern bank of the river. The Federals, before a heavy fire of musketry, crossed a
ditch, delivered a terrific volley, and clambered over the breastworks with empty muskets.
The Confederates, in falling back, found that their comrades had set fire to both of the bridges
and were compelled to surrender. Two thousand prisoners, eighteen pieces of artillery, six.
thousand stand of small arms, and many commissary stores were captured. General Lawler's
Brigade led the charge. The battle lasted four hours. On the eighteenth of May, 1863, the
Federals began crossing the Big Black by felling trees on both banks so that they tumbled
into the river and interlaced, using bales of cotton instead of boats. On the morning of
the twenty-second, with furious cannonading, the last assault on the defences of Vicksburg was
made. This campaign is a remarkable military exploit. In twenty days Grant crossed the
Mississippi River with his entire force, moved into the rear of Vicksburg, fought and won four
distinct battles, captured the State Capitol, and destroyed the Confederate arsenals and manu-
factories. His troops marched one hundred eighty miles with only five days' rations from the
quartermaster, and captured over six thousand prisoners, twenty-seven cannon and sixty-one
field pieces. All this was accomplished by forty thousand brave men against sixty thousand.
BATTLEFIELD OF BIG BLACK RIVER IN MISSISSIPPI IN 1863
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DOMB-PROOF CAMP IN UNION LINKS IN FRONT OF VICKSBURG
BEHIND THE ENTRENCHMENT AT BATTERY SHERMAN BEFORE VICKSBURG
THE Confederate works held by Pemberton at Vicksburg
were seven miles long. Grant's lines about the city
extended over fifteen miles. Commander Porter brought
down all his mortar boats on the Mississippi and began a
fusiladc of six thousand mortar shells a day, while the land
batteries threw four thousand. In the meantime, famine stalked
through Vicksburg on the thirty-sixth day of the siege. Mule
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and dog meat, with bean flour and corn coffee formed the daily
fare. The earth trembled under the concussions from the Army
and Navy cannon and the entire forest was set on fire. The Con-
federate general, on the morning of July third, proposed an arm-
istice, preparatory to recapitulation. Grant met the Confederate
commander under an oak tree. At ten o'clock on the morning of
July fourth, General Logan began a march into Vicksburg and
hoisted the American ensign over the court-house. The fall of
Vicksburg and the defeat of Lee at Gettysburg occurred on the
same day and lifted the hearts of the Northern people to a sense
of thanksgiving, for it was believed that the war was now over.
During the siege the Confederate loss was fifty-six thousand men.
Grant captured more than sixty thousand muskets, light and
heavy artillery, with a vast amount of other property, such as
locomotives, cars, steamboats and cotton. The Federal loss dur-
ing the siege was about 9,000 killed, wounded and missing.
The war cameras followed the Union Army into the captured city
and the old negatives vividly picture the conditions. A camera
was taken to the bomb-proof quarters of Logan's Division and
into Battery Sherman. These negatives are here reproduced.
About this same time several cameras were taken into the far
South and one of the first negatives was taken at Big Black River
Station in Mississippi and another at New Orleans when the com-
missioned officers of the 19th Iowa Infantry were being brought
in from Camp Ford, Texas, as exchanged prisoners of war.
PRISONERS OF WAR FROM TEXAS
BIG BLACK RIVER STATION IN MISSISSIPPI
THE Government at Washington believed that it was now time to
secure the reparation for the firing on Fort Sumter which had
precipitated the War. Sumter, during the entire conflict had
been the center of a radius of forts which now had over three
hundred guns mostly of the heaviest caliber. It held a strong posi-
tion on the Atlantic Coast and protected the land movements about
South Carolina. Fort Sumter barred the main channel. On Sulli-
van's Island were Fort Moultrie, Fort Beauregard, Battery Bee
and sand bag batteries at the extremity. On James's Island stood
Fort Johnson, Fort Ripley and smaller forts. Castle Pinckney lay
in front of the city, and on Morris Island there were Battery Gregg,
Fort Wagner, and a battery on Lighthouse Inlet. All the channels
were blocked with huge iron chains, and an immense hawser buoyed
with empty casks, extended from Fort Sumter to Fort Ripley, the
entire harbor being blocked with torpedoes. Brady's cameras lay in
the Union lines and occasionally were ventured toward the Confederate
fortifications. Many negatives of exteriors were obtained at a dis-
tance. After the forts fell into the Government control the cameras
were taken behind the breast-works. These remarkable negatives are
now exhibited and reveal the secrets of the Confederates. The pic-
ture of the bomb-proof at Fort Wagner, under heavy fire in 1863,
reveals the ingenuity of the engineers in both armies in utilizing
every available substance in protecting the soldiers. The Confederates
constructed many strong fortifications and they fell only under the
severest bombardment from the heaviest guns of the Federal troops.
BOMB-PROOF AT FORT WAGNER UNDER HEAVY FIRE IN 1863
FORT JOHNSON ON JAMES' ISLAND IN 1863
FORT MARSHALL ON SULLIVAN'S ISLAND IN 1863
(69)
INTERIOR OF FORT MOULTRIE ON SULLIVAN S ISLAND
300-POUNDER PARROTT GUN IN BATTERY STRONG AFTER BURSTING OF MUZZLE
BATTERY BROWN TWO 8-INCH PARROTT RIFLES, ONE OF WHICH BURST DURING BOMBARDMENT
FIVE IO-INCH SIEGE MORTARS IN BATTERY REYNOLDS FIRING AGAINST FORT SUMTER
NAVAL BATTERY OF TWO 80-POUNDER WHITWORTH'S BREECPIING BATTERY AGAINST FORT SUMTER
SECTION UP BIRCHMEYERS BATTERY IN SECOND PARALLEL
FORT SUMTER IN RUINS AFTER BOMBARDMENT IN 1863
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EARLY in 1863 the Government decided that Fort Sumter must be reduced. Admira lDahl-
gren was given full charge of the undertaking. On the eighteenth of July, the land forces
under General Ouincy A. Gillmore began siege. He erected batteries across Morris Island
and commenced fire on Fort Wagner while Dahlgren attacked both Fort Wagner and Fort Sumter.
Fort Wagner responded with only two guns which led Gillmore to believe that the Confederates
were demoralized. The Federal troops were within two hundred yards of the fort before the
Confederates opened grape fire. A flash of musketry blazed from the parapet. The daring Fed-
erals rushed at the fort and clambered up the exterior slope. It was here that Joseph Alvan
Wooster, color bearer for the Sixth Connecticut, performed the valiant deed that cost him his life.
He climbed along in advance of the line and triumphantly placed his flag on the parapet. A Con-
federate soldier sprang forward and placed the muzzle of his musket on Wooster's heart and fired.
General Putnam rushed to the rescue with a brigade, only to be killed, with nearly every com-
missioned officer in his command. The remnants of Strong's and Putnam's command retired,
having lost over half of their strength. General Gillmore, and his staff, in charge of the land
forces at Charleston allowed the war photographers to turn the lens on them in camp. The
general was born in Black River, Loraine County, Ohio, and had graduated from West Point. In
186 1 he was placed on General W. T. Sherman's staff on the South Carolina Expedition. During
February, 1862, he commenced opperations for the attack of Fort Pulaski, on the Savannah River,
Georgia. On April 28, 1862, he was promoted to a brigadier-generalship of volunteers. In Sep-
tember, 1862, he was ordered to the West as Commander of the District of Western Virginia, of the
Department of the Ohio. He was afterwards assigned to the command of one of the Divisions of
the Army of Kentucky. He assumed command of Department of South Carolina June 12, 1863.
MAJOR-GENERAL QUINCY A. GILLMORE AND STAFF IN 1863
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ON the ninth of August the Federal cannon were within three hundred and thirty yards
of Fort Wagner and the guns were trained on Fort Sumter and Battery Gregg. General
Gillmore had a small battery placed in a marsh west of Morris Island, on which was an
eight-inch Parrott Gun nick-named the "Swamp Angel." It had a range of five miles and threw
its enormous shells into the city of Charleston. The Confederate fortifications were reinforced by
General Beauregard and maintained a continuous fire from over two hundred guns. On the
seventeenth of August, Gillmore had twelve heavy guns on Morris Island, and the simultaneous
assault by batteries and infantry was directed against Fort Sumter. For seven days this terrible
fusilade continued. Over one hundred thousand shells and shot were thrown into the fort which
was battered into ruins. The bombardment of Fort Sumter was begun on the fifth of September
and continued for forty-two hours. An assault was planned for the ninth, but when daylight
came it was found that several forts were abandoned. It was supposed that Fort Sumter was
tenantless. A boat load of soldiers was sent to take possession. As they landed, a terrific volley
of musketry was fired. The Confederates fought like tigers from covered positions in the ruins of
the fort, The Federals abandoned the attempt without further molestation, satisfied with the
destruction they had wrought and the successful blockade of Charleston Harbor. The views en-
graved by the lens on these pages lay the actual scenes of destruction before the eyes of the world.
The "Swamp Angel" was one of the demons of war. Piles were driven, a platform was laid upon
them, and a parapet was built with bags of sand, fifteen thousand being required. All this had to
be done after dark, and occupied fourteen nights, Then, with great labor, the eight-inch rifled
gun was dragged across the swamp and mounted on this platform. It was nearly five miles from
Charleston, but by firing with a high elevation was able to reach the lower part of the city. The
soldiers named this gun the "Swamp Angel." Late in August it was ready for work, and, after
giving notice for the removal of non-combatants, General Gillmore opened fire, and produced great
consternation, but at the thirty-sixth discharge the "Swamp Angel" burst, and was never replaced.
fHE 8-INCH PARROTT RIFLE GUN, "SWAMP ANGEL" AFTER BURSTING
BATTERED EXTERIOR OF FORT SUMTER
DESTRUCTION AFTER BOMBARDMENT OF SUMTER
WRECKED INTERIOR OF FORT SUMTER
DISMOUNTED CANNON AT FORT SUMTER
DESTROYED RAILROAD BRIDGE, BRIDGEPORT, ALAltAMA PONTOON IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION
BLOCKHOUSES AND ARMY BRIDGE ACROSS TENNESSEE RIVER NEAR CHATTANOOGA
WHEN Vicksburg fell, the cheering along the Federal lines in the Missis-
sippi Campaign aroused the attention of the Confederate pickets until
it was carried clear through to Louisiana, where the Confederate
forces were concentrated at Port Hudson. General Banks had suc-
ceeded Butler at New Orleans and was co-operating with Grant on the Mississippi
to take possession of the Red River region and expel the Confederate forces from
Louisiana and Texas. The siege of Port Hudson had been hard fought. The
Confederates under General Gardner agreed that if Vicksburg had fallen their
surrender was the only thing left for them. On the ninth of July, in 1863, the
Confederate general at Port Hudson with visible emotion tendered his sword.
It was declined because his bravery entitled him to retain it. The Federals were
new in the entire possession of the Mississippi. While Grant's Army had been
pounding at the gates of Vicksburg, Rosecranz was maneuvering with Bragg at
Murfreesboro, Tennessee. For six months these two armies stood confronted,
but met only in severe skirmishes. Rosecranz compelled Bragg to fall back from
one place to another. He was driven through middle Tennessee, to Bridgeport,
Alabama, where he crossed the Tennessee River, burned the bridge behind him
and entered Chattanooga. The Brady cameras were in the Union lines and
arrived in time to secure this negative of the ruined bridge and the pontoon bridge
that was being built by the Union forces in pursuit of Bragg. A clash came at
Chickamauga, a point about twelve miles from Chattanooga, on the nineteenth
and twentieth of September, in 1863. It has been called the greatest battle of the
West. The cannonading and the musketry was at close range and the Federal
lines were being swept back when General Thomas and his men made the heroic
stand that saved the Federal Army from destruction, after a loss of 15,851, killed,
wounded and missing. The Confederate victory was gained at the cost of 17,804.
ON BATTLEFIELD OF CHICKAMAUGA CREEK — LEE AND
BATTLEGROUND OF MISSIONARY RIDGE NEAR CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, TWO DAYS AFTER BATTLE
CHICKAMAUGA has been
called the greatest battle in
the West. When the smoke
of the conflict had lifted, the
war photographers found the Federal
Army closed up in Chattanooga. The
Confederate general moved to cut off
all communication to the Federal
lines, seizing roads, destroying the
bridges and preventing access to
Nashville where the base of supplies
had been located. The Army of the
Cumberland was reduced to the verge
of starvation. Not less than io.ooo
horses and mules perished. Grant
was given command of the depart-
ment of the Mississippi, comprising
the armies and departments of the
Ohio, Tennessee and Cumberland.
He telegraphed to Thomas : "Hold
Chattanooga at all hazards." The
hero of Chattanooga replied : 'T will
hold the town until we starve."
CONFEDERATE PRISONERS AT CHATTANOOGA
BLOCKHOUSES NEAR CHATTANOOGA
GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRANT IN MISSISSIPPI CAMPAIGN, 1863
"BATTLE ABOVE THE CLOUDS" ON LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN IN TENNESSEE ENGINEERS OF ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND IN CAMP
THE war cameras reached Nashville on the same day that
Grant entered the city, October 21, 1863, and followed
him closely throughout the campaign. Grant hurried to
Chattanooga and found the troops without shoes or cloth-
ing, and all food exhausted. He telegraphed to Burnside to hold
Knoxville and appealed to Admiral Porter at Cairo to send gun-
boats to convey transports carrying rations from St. Louis for
Sherman's Army, which was moving up from the Mississippi.
Bragg was entrenched on Missionary Ridge, extending along the
crest and across Chattanoga Valley to Lookout Mountain. The
Confederate fortifications were very strong and their lines
reached over the Racoon Mountain. The war cameras were
taken to the foothills of Lookout Mountain, where an engineers'
brigade of the Army of the Cumberland was encamped. Grant
succumbed to appeals to stand before the camera and the nega-
tive is here reproduced. The haggard expression on his face
shows the tremendous responsibility that rested upon him. On
the twenty-third of November, in 1863, long lines of infantry
moved forward and the heavy guns opened fire. The Federal
lines flashed across the valley sweeping everything before them,
pushing the Confederate skirmish line from their rifle pits, to
the foothills of Lookout Mountain. On the twenty-fourth,
Grant stood on the top of Orchard Knob, watching Hooker's men
rush to the side of Lookout Mountain, leaping from one rocky
ledge to another, scrambling over huge boulders, and through deep
chasms in a rain of solid shot and shell. They charged almost
to the muzzle of the enemy's cannon, gaining ground foot by
foot, until at last they reached the foot of the Palisades, and were
finally lost in the mist that veiled the mountain. For three hours
the battle raged above the clouds. At sunset the mist disap-
peared and moonlight fell on old Lookout. The Confederate
forces could be seen occupying the summit. Hooker's men scaled
the Palisades. The Confederates withdrew into the woods and
sought the protection of the night. At sunrise, on the twenty-
fifth of November, these Kentucky soldiers unfurled the Stars
and Stripes. A great cheer arose from the army in the valley.
(76)
THE Battle of Lookout Mountain is the most spectacular in history. It was
impossible to carry the war camera over its rugged heights. Had they
succeeded in getting to the summit, the mist that enveloped the valley
would have made it impossible to have secured a single scene of the great
conflict. The Federals occupied a strong position on the mountain, looking across
the Chattanooga Valley to Missionary Ridge, where Bragg had concentrated his
entire army. The twenty-fifth of November was a magnificent day. Seldom has
a battle begun under a brighter sun. The Confederate artillery frowned from
the summit of Missionary Ridge. The glittering steel of Hooker's men flashed
on Lookout Mountain. The Cumberland veterans under Thomas were a sol-
emn phalanx in the valley while Sherman's compact lines were eager for the
charge. On the top of Orchard Knob stood Grant's bugler and the echoes of the
"Forward" signal fell into the valley, being taken up by the other buglers in melo-
dious refrain. Hooker's men moved down the eastern slope of Lookout Moun-
tain, sweeping across the valley in grand lines. Bragg's batteries were centered
on Sherman, whu swept his men heroically forward over a succession of low hills.
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MISSIONARY' RIDGE — PARKED NEAR CHATTANOOGA
UNDER fire from the Confederates, Corse's Brigade struggled desperately
for an hour and a half without gaining advantage, while Generals Loomis
and Smith took possession of Missionary Ridge. At two in the afternoon
occurred one of the most impressing spectacles ever witnessed on a battle-
field. Union soldiers with fixed bayonets rushed into the storm of shell without
firing a shot until after the skirmish line had been taken and the Sixth Brigade
swept over the Confederate rifle pits. The men flung themselves to the earth to
avoid the volleys of canister, grape and musketry that were hurled upon them. At
sunset Sherman held Bragg's right in check ; Hooker was driving at his left. The
final assault on his center was begun and in twenty minutes Missionary Ridge was
belching flames. Every Confederate gun and cannon was in action. The Fed-
eral soldiers rushed into the very mouth of death, reaching the crest, breeching the
Confederate lines until they gave way and retreated. The cannon which they aban-
doned were swung and turned upon them. The victory had cost the Union Army
5,616, killed, wounded and missing, against a Confederate loss of 8,684.
GENERALS GRANT, SHERMAN, SHERIDAN, HOOKER, HARNEY', DODGE, GIBBON, TOTTER, AT FORT SANDERS
THE siege of Knoxville, Tennes-
see, was raised late in 1863.
When the news of Bragg's
defeat at Chattanooga
leached Longstreet, who was besieg-
ing Knoxville, he knew that Grant
would now send Burnside relief.
Bragg decided to carry the city by
storm. The attack was to be made
011 Fort Sanders, a Federal fort of
great strength, containing twenty-six
guns. The Confederate columns
forced their way through a net-
work of wire that had been wound
from stump to stump, until they
finally reached the parapet. A Con-
federate officer sprang to the summit
with the flag of his regiment and de-
manded surrender. Pierced by a
shower of bullets, his body rolled into
the ditch, his hand clutching the flag-
staff. The Confederates charged
again only to be repulsed. Under a
flag of, truce the fighting ceased
while Longstreet's men carried away
their dead, dying and wounded. Grant
had ordered twenty thousand men un-
der General Granger to the rescue of
the besieged city, but they failed to
start, and Sherman hurried to the
relief. He reached Knoxville on the
fifth of December and found the siege
reduced and Longstreet had started
for Virginia. Sherman's troops
had marched four hundred miles to
fight at Chattanooga, then marched
one hundred and two miles to compel
the Confederates to retire from Knox-
ville. When the news reached the
North, Grant was hailed as the Na-
tion's saviour. Congress bestowed
upon him a gold medal, while Bragg,
the Confederate general, went down
before a storm of indignation in the
South. One of the war cameras
shortly after the battle was placed on
the parapet of Fort Sanders, and
this negative of the ruins was taken,
showing the University of Tennessee.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN OVER THE RUINS AT KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, IN 1863, FROM FORT SANDERS
(77)
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LIBBY PRISON AT RICHMOND CROWDED WITH UNION PRISONERS IN 1864
ANDERSONVILLE PRISON WITH ITS DEAD LINE AND BROOK
IT is estimated that 188,000 Union soldiers and sailors endured the hardships of
the sixteen Confederate prisons during the Civil War. In the prison yards are
36,401 graves. 11,599 °f those released from prisons died before reaching their
homes, and 12,000 after reaching home — making 60,000 lives sacrificed in Con-
federate prisons. Several estimates place the deaths as high as So, 000. Strange as it
may seem, the war photographers succeeded in taking their cameras behind prison
walls. Three of these remarkable negatives are here revealed. The first one was taken
at Libby prison, Richmond, where most of the commissioned officers were confined.
In Libby, men were often shot for approaching near enough to a window for a sentry
to see their heads. The other two were secured within the "dead line" at Anderson-
ville prison in Georgia. It was an open stockade with little or no shelter, covering
about 30 acres. The palisade was of pine logs 15 feet high, closely set together.
Outside of this, at a distance of 120 feet, was another palisade, and between the two
were the guards. About 20 feet from the inner stockade was a railing known as the
"dead line," and any prisoner who passed it was instantly shot. A small stream
flowed through the enclosure and furnished the prisoners their only supply of water.
The cook houses and camp of the guards were placed on this stream, above the
stockade. Starvation and disease drove many of the prisoners mad and they wan-
dered across the "dead line" to end their misery. Fugitives were followed by horsemen
and tracked by a large pack of blood hounds. The crowded condition of the prisons
at the beginning of 1864 was appalling. There were as many as 33,000 hungry and
dying men confined in Andersonville at one time, which gave a space of about four
feet square to each man. Some of the other Confederate prisons were at Salisbury,
North Carolina, at Florence, South Carolina, on Belle Island in the James River, at
Tyler, Texas, at Millen, Georgia, and at Columbia, South Carolina. At Belle Isle
the prisoners were packed so close that when they lay sleeping no one could turn over
until the whole line agreed to turn simultaneously. While many imaginary pictures
have been drawn from descriptions of Andersonville, it has remained for the lens to
to engrave the actual scenes, and they are here perpetuated by the negatives.
ANDERSONVILLE PRISON WITH ITS STOCKADE AND GUARD TOWERS
(78)
A M ERICA NS are the most loyal people on the face
l\ of the earth. Self-government encourages
■^ -*■ fidelity to Home and Country. In a nation
where the citizens are the Government, patriotism cannot
die. Unfurl the flag of a monarchy and there will be
a dutiful reverence to it. Unfurl the Stars and Stripes of
the Republic and there will arise a mighty ovation that
thrills from the hearts of men— a spontaneous outburst
that has never been heard except under the Emblem of
Freedom. Liberty is everywhere the mother of patriots.
vice met the response of 87,588 men. Under the fifth
proclamation, on June 15, 1863, for militia for six months'
service, the ranks were recruited by 16,361 men. The
calls of October 1 7, 1 863, and February 1 , 1 864, brought
369,380 men. Under the call of March 14, 1864, came
292,193 men; between April 23 and July 18, 1864, there
were 83,612 mustered into the United States' service.
Lincoln's appeal to the manhood of the Nation on July
18, 1864 was met by 386,461 men. The last call for
volunteers came on December 19, 1864, and 212,212
days. In many instances over 60,000 recruits fell into
line in less than a month. At the last moment of the
War, and to the very scene of surrender, thousands of
men were pouring into the field.
If the world could have looked upon the marvelous
spectacle of all the men who took part in the Civil War,
marching five abreast, the triumphant procession would
have stretched from the Atlantic, across the Continent, to
the Pacific — a grand pageant of 1,696 regiments, six
companies infantry
regiments, two companies
SURGEONS ADMINISTERING TO THE WOUNDED
LIVES SACRIFICED FOR THEIR COUNTRY
BURIAL OF THE DEAD HEROES
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN ON THE BATTLEFIELDS DURING THE CIVIL WAR IN THE UNITED STATES
In the Civil War the heart of American Citizenship
was put to the test and it was found "tried and true."
The first call for volunteers came on April 15, 1861 tor
75,000 militia for three months, and 91,816 men an-
swered. The second call was on May 3, 1861, when
Lincoln asked for 500,000 men and the reply was 700,-
680. The third call on July 2, 1862 for 300,000 troops
for three years' service to their country brought 421,465.
The fourth call on August 4, 1862, for nine months' ser-
patriots marched to the battle ground to help strike the
last blow of the conflict. The willingness with which
these men offered their lives to their country is the
greatest tribute that can ever be paid to American patriot-
ism. After the disasters on the Peninsula over 80,000
troops were enlisted, organized, armed, and marched to
the battleground within four weeks. An army of 90,000
infantry came to the front from the five states of Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin, within twenty
(T9)
cavalry; 78 regiments, two companies artillery. The
boys who wore the Gray could have intercepted this pro-
cession by another magnificent pageant reaching from the
Canadian borders to the mountains of Mexico.
The war cameras during 1864 were taxed to their
utmost. It was the hardest test that had ever been given
the new science of photography. The thrilling story of
this closing year is told in the rare old negatives in these
pages — actual photographs taken at the scene of battle.
THE last clays of 1863 were in-
active. The armies in the
East were going into winter
quarters. Brady's men had
experienced a hard year with their
cameras, but had perpetuated many
tragic incidents. One of the cam-
eras was held in winter quarters
at Rappahannock Station until early
in 1864. It was used in recording
conditions in camp and one of its neg-
atives is here' reproduced. This camp
was occupied by the 50th New York
Engineers. It was the duty of these
engineers to construct roads, bridges
and fortifications, and their services in
the Civil War were of great impor-
tance. An interesting feature of this
photograph is the row of pontoon
boats on wheels. These pontoons are
vessels, used to support the roadway
of floating bridges. The boats were
a small, substantial frame of wood,
light of weight, and easily transported
overland. By stretching them across
a river an army could begin its move-
ment to the other side within half an
hour on reaching the banks. A pon-
toon train of the army carries about
one hundred yards of pontoon bridge
for each army corps, including the
boats, roadway planks, etc. Early in
the spring of 1864 the skirmishing be-
gan for what promised to be the dead-
liest year of the Civil War. Sherman
organized his expedition in February
against Meridian, Mississippi, a posi-
tion of great importance to the Con-
federacy, as it controlled the railroad
communications with Mobile and
Wilmington. Banks began his Red
River expedition in March. Meade's
columns crossed the Rapidan River,
in Virginia, in May. Grant was
placed in command of all the United
States armies in the field on March 1,
1864, while Sherman was given com-
mand of Federal armies in the West:
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN WINTER QUARTERS AT RAPPAHANNOCK STATION, VIRGINIA, IN IO
THE first great conflict of 1864
occurred on the fifth of May
when the Army of the Poto-
mac met Lee's forces in the
Battle of the Wilderness. It was a
virgin forest of oak and pine, choked
with dense undergrowth. The Fed-
eral soldiers knew nothing of its en-
tanglements, but the Confederates had
full knowledge of the roads and
wagon paths intersecting the woods.
It was so dense that the troops found
it necessary at times to move in single
file. The artillery and cavalry had
great difficulty in getting into the en-
counter, and in one of the sallies
nearly all the men and horses were
killed. The battle was deadly. Regi-
ments shot into their own ranks as
they fled through forest and under-
growth, becoming separated from the
main line. General Longstreet, of
the Confederate Army, was shot and
severely wounded by his own men.
Tremendous volleys of musketry rang
through the woods. Dead leaves
and branches were swept with flames.
Men lost their way and wandered
into the enemy's lines. So rapid was
the fire that the muskets became hot
and blistered the fingers of the sol-
diers. The losses in this great two-
days' battle cannot be stated accu-
rately. One estimate places the Union
killed, wounded and missing at 18,387
and the Confederate, 11,400. On
the afternoon of the seventh of May,
Grant moved his army toward Spott-
sylvania Court House, fifteen miles
southeast of the Wilderness Battle-
field, with the intent of getting be-
tween the enemy and Richmond and
compelling Lee to fight at a disadvan-
tage. It was during these maneu-
vers that this photograph was taken
while the artillery was stationed at the
edge of the forest. The negative was
taken in the full light of the noon-
day sun in the Spring of 1864.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE ARTILLERY WAS AT EDCE OF WOODS NEAR BATTLE OF WILDERNESS IN 1864
GENERAL MEADE AND GENERAL SEDGWICK WITH STAFF OFFICERS AT
RAPPAHANNOCK STATION, MARCH, 1864
MAJOR-GENERAL G. K. WARREN AND STAFF AT BEVERLY HOUSE,
SPOTTSYLVANIA
LOOKING TOWARDS SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT HOUSE FROM BEVERLY
HOUSE, HEADQUARTERS OF GENERAL WARREN IN MAY, 1864
GERMANIA FORD, RAPIDAN RIVER, WHERE TROOPS CROSSED IN GRANT S CAMPAIGN AGAINST
RICHMOND BEFORE BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS
MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN SEDGWICK AND STAFF — SEDGWICK WAS KILLED AT SPOTTSYLVANIA IN IC
GENERALS OF THE CAVALRY CORPS — SHERIDAN, MERRITT, DAVIS, GREGG, TORBERT AND WILSON
CONFEDERATE DEAD ON THE BATTLEFIELD OF SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT
HOUSE IN 1864
BOTH armies faced each other in full force at
Spottsylvania Court House in the forenoon of
the ninth of May, 1864. The Brady cameras
arrived with the Government supply trains
and perpetuated the historic scenes. While the Union
lines were placing their batteries, they were annoyed
by sharpshooters, and General Sedgwick was killed. His
death was a great loss to the Federals, just as Jack-
son's had crippled the Confederacy. During the first
day at Spottsylvania the Federals lost fully 10,000
men, while the Confederates' loss was very nearly
9,000. The unburied bodies of 3,000 men lay scat-
tered along the slopes of the ridges and under the
trees. Out of the 200,000 Federals and Confederates
who rushed into battle on the fifth of May, 43,000
were either dead, wounded, or prisoners, after three
days of fighting. During the week the fighting ex-
tended along the Fredericksburg road, Laurel Hill
and Ny River, reaching to Swift Creek and Cloyd's
Mountain. The Army of the Potomac, since it crossed
the Rapidan River, had lost nearly one-fourth of
its men in the brief space of eight days, and now had
a fighting force of only 87,000. The photograph of
the Confederate dead was taken near Spottsylvania
Court House, May 12, 1864, after Ewell's attack.
SLING CART USED IN HAULING CAPTURED CONFEDERATE ARTILLERY
AT DREWRY^S BLUFF ON THE JAMES RIVER IN 1864
DUTCH GAP CANAL ENTERING JAMES RIVER IN VIRGINIA BUILT UNDER SEVERE FIRE
OBSTRUCTIONS IN JAMES RIVER NEAR DREWRY S BLUFF
CONFEDERATE FORT DARLING AT DREWRY S BLUFF
AIKEN S LANDING, WHERE PRISONERS WERE EXCHANGED
WHILE Grant was moving
toward Richmond from
the north, Butler was
forcing his way from
Vorktown on the south, threatening
Richmond from the peninsula as
McClellan had done two years be-
fcre. It was at this time that the
photographs here shown were taken
in May, 1864. Butler succeeded in
destroying part of the road from
Petersburg to Richmond. He re-
ceived word that Lee was in full re-
treat for Richmond, witli Grant close
upon his heels. One of the extreme
southern positions in the defense of
Richmond was Fort Darling at
Drewry's Bluff. On the thirteenth
of May, Butler succeeded in carrying
a portion of the outer lines, captur-
ing a considerable amount of artillery,
but on the sixteenth he was repulsed
and fell back upon Bermuda Hun-
dred. A powerful Confederate bat-
tery on the James River barred the
bridge toward Richmond. Butler
conceived the idea of cutting a canal
through the narrow neck of land
known as Dutch Gap for the passage
of the monitors. A photograph was
taken of this canal, which was con-
structed under a severe and continu-
ous fire. The dredge and steam
pump used were bomb-proof. The
greater part of the excavation was
done by colored troops, who sought
cover, from the bombardment of the
enemy, in earthen dugouts that cov-
ered the site of the work. The canal
was only 174 yards long, 43 yards
wide at the top, 27 yards at the water
level, and 13 5-10 yards at a depth of
15 feet below water level. It cut off
4^4 miles of river navigation and the
excavation was nearly 67,000 cubic
yards. The war photographers se-
cured many negatives of these opera-
tions and several of the most impor-
tant ones are shown on these pages.
One of them was taken at Aiken's
Landing, where the flag-of-truce boat
from Richmond came to discharge
her cargo of poor, starved, and often
dying Union prisoners, and received
in exchange the same number of
healthy, well-fed rebels from our
guards. Two or three rough old
canal boats, and the grim old moni-
tor there at anchor, but above all the
glorious old Stars and Stripes, and on
the shore the loving hearts and kindly
hands of friends. The soldiers called
it "the gate into God's country."
l'ONTIKIN 111
tKIIO MILLS ON NORTH ANNA RIVER, VIRGINIA
HEADQUARTERS OF GRANT AND MEADE AT MASSAPONAX
X CHURCH, VIRGINIA
COUNCIL OF WAR AT MASSAPONAX CHURCH, VIRGINIA, IN 1864 GENERALS GRANT AND MEADE, ASSISTANT SECRETARY
OF WAR DANA AND STAFF OFFICERS
4 FTER the battle of Spottsylvania Court House the war photographers exposed many negatives,
L\ during the five days that the relative positions of the two armies remained unchanged. Grant
X Jl and Lee were engaged in brilliant strategy. Grant had thrown out his left until it rested on Mas-
saponax Church. While the great General was in council of war at this place on the twenty-
first of May, 1864, a remarkable photograph was taken. In the reproduction on this page it will be
seen that the pews have been brought out under the trees and the officers are gathered to discuss the
situation. Grant is sitting on the bench against the trees. With him are General Meade, Assistant
Secretary of War, Charles A. Dana, and the staff officers. This was a critical time. The Union losses
had been heavy and Lee had not yet been outwitted. This photograph is of much historic significance.
In advance of Grant's movements, General Sheridan had started on a raid, with 10,000 sabres, and
reaching the North Anna River, captured Beaver Dam Station, destroyed ten miles of railroad track
and three freight trains containing a million and a half Confederate rations. Here he was fiercely
assaulted by "Jeb" Stuart, but he succeeded in crossing the North Anna River by Ground-Squirrel
Bridge and proceeded toward Richmond as far as Yellow Tavern, six miles from the Confederate
Capital. Stuart fell mortally wounded and died in the city of Richmond. Sheridan then attempted to
capture the works around Richmond, and Custer crossed the first line and seized two pieces of artillery
and one hundred prisoners. Lee had fallen back from the North Anna River and assumed a position
still covering Richmond. A photograph was taken of the pontoon bridge constructed across the
North Anna River at Jericho Mills, where General Warren's fi^e corps crossed on the twenty-third of
May. The Federal base of supplies was shifted to the White House on the Pamunkey River where the
remainder of the Federal Army crossed on the twenty-eighth of May, followed by the war cameras.
BATTLEFIELD AT RESACA, IN GEORGIA, MAY I3-16, 1864
BATTLEGROUND ON KENESAW MOUNTAIN, GEORGIA, IN JULY, 1864
WHILE Grant was moving on toward Richmond, Sherman's armies of Arkansas, Cumberland,
Ohio and Tennessee, with 352,000 men distributed in many garrisons over this wide expanse
of territory, was moving against Atlanta, Georgia. Opposed to Sherman was Lieutenant-
General Joseph E. Johnston, who commanded all the Confederate troops in the West,
including the men of Bragg's old army. Atlanta was of equal importance with Richmond.
It was a great railroad center and it contained the Confederate depots, mills, foundries and the
manufactories of military supplies. Sherman had moved simultaneously with the Army of the
Potomac, on the second day of the Battle of the Wilderness. On the thirteenth of May, Sherman's
men met the Confederates at Resaca, Georgia. There was brisk, sharp fighting all along the lines.
On the night of the fifteenth the Confederates abandoned the town and crossed the Oostenaula River,
setting fire to the bridges. At dawn of the sixteenth the Federals entered Resaca and began a
vigorous pursuit, and the camera recorded the scene of the abandoned entrenchments. The fields
across which the Confederates withdrew may be seen in the distance. The Confederates concen-
trated their forces near New Hope Church on the twenty-fifth, and attacked the advancing Union
troops but were driven back with heavy loss. The war photographers here secured a photograph of
the entrenchments in the woods where there was continuous fighting for six days. The Federal
Army forced its way through the mountainous country to the towering peaks of Kenesaw Mountain,
Lost Mountain, and Pine Mountain. On all these heights the Confederates had signal towers.
The outlying hills were occupied by batteries. The cameras were carried to the heights of Kenesaw
Mountain and taken into its entrenchments. Sherman's troops climbed this slope, through its
tangled wood and rifle pits, in the face of a steady musketry and artillery fire. This really ended the
first movement of Sherman's campaign against Atlanta. Sherman's losses during May and June were
over 2,000 killed and 13,000 wounded Johnston's losses were about 1,200 killed and nearly 14,000
wounded. During the fifty-four days, both armies were depleted by 3,200 killed, 27,000 wounded.
BATTLEFIELD OF NEW HOPE CHURCH, IN GEORGIA, MAY 25 TO JUNE 4, 1864
(86)
GRANT and Lee met at Cold
Harbor in a desperate strug-
gle on the first day of June
in 1864, The following day
was occupied by a general massing
for the deadly encounter. Meade's
army moved silently on the enemy at
daylight on the third and the result
was the fiercest battle of the entire
war. There was a drizzling rain.
The armies could hardly see the faces
of their antagonists. Not a shot was
fired until they were upon each other.
One hundred thousand muskets sim-
ultaneously began their murderous
work at a range of sixty to seventy
yards. Two hundred pieces of artil-
lery added to the deafening roar. It
was the tragedy of Fredericksburg
and Gettysburg re-enacted. The
Union soldiers pressed toward the
solid mass of lead and flame from the
Confederate entrenchments only to be
forced back. At times they swept to
the breastworks against the torrents
of musketry and mounted the para-
pets. The assault lasted but twenty
minutes and the Union Army lost in
killed, wounded and missing over
14,000 men; the Confederate loss has
been estimated at 1,700. The two
armies stayed at Cold Harbor for ten
days, working on their field entrench-
ments, and fighting whenever either
side grew bold. Lee remained im-
movable in his entrenchments before
Richmond and on the afternoon of the
sixteenth of June, Grant's army,
horse, foot and artillery, had crossed
the James River. On the seventh of
June the dead were buried and the
wounded gathered during an armis-
tice of two hours. This is a ghastly
view, showing the process of collect-
ing the remains of Union soldiers
who were hastily interred at the time
of the battle. This photograph was
taken on the battlefield months after
the battle, when the Government or-
dered the remains gathered for per-
manent burial. The grinning skulls, the
boots still hanging on the bones, the
*old canteen, all testify to the tragedy.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE SKELETONS OF DEAD SOLDIERS WERE BEING REMOVED SEVERAL MONTHS AFTER BATTLE OF COLD HARBOR
SI1RRMAN, in his campaign in
Georgia in 1864, was much in-
terested in the cameras that
followed his army and urged
the photographer to take negatives of
1 very movement as his forces pushed
the Confederates toward Atlanta.
On the morning of July 3, 1864, the
Stars and Stripes fluttered on the
crest of old Kenesaw Mountain. All
the Inderal corps were in rapid mo-
tion, and on Independence Day Sher-
man could distinguish the houses of
Atlanta only nine miles away. Gen-
eral Johnston withdrew into the city
and a storm of indignation swept the
Confederacy. Johnston resigned his
command and was succeeded by Gen-
eral J. B, Hood. Sherman set his
troops in motion for the city on the
seventeenth of July. On the nine-
teenth, the troops were so near At-
lanta, and were meeting such feeble
resistance that it was supposed the
Confederates were evacuating, until
they poured out of their entrench-
ments and opened furious fire on the
north side of Peach Tree Creek.
The war cameras were busily en-
gaged and one of the negatives is an
abandoned Confederate fortification
on the road leading to Atlanta. A
camera was taken into this fort
shortly after its capture by Sherman.
It shows the extent to which the Con-
federates had protected themselves.
It is one of the rare pictures in which
chevaux-de-frise construction is
shown. It is here seen that the de-
fense is a temporary obstruction by
placing rails in a row with their point-
ed ends directed against the enemy.
They impeded the advance of the foe
and afforded cover for the defenders.
During the conquest of Georgia the
Confederates were much awed by the
Brady "what is it ?" wagons. It is
the first time that field photography
was witnessed in the far South.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT A CONFEDERATE FORT ON MARIETTA ROAD, NEAR ATLANTA, GEORGIA, AFTER CAPTURE BY SHERMAN, SEPTEMBER 2, 1864
WHILE Sherman's Army
was literally standing at
the gates of Atlanta, this
photograph was taken.
The great general was with his staff
in a Federal fort on the outlying hills.
He was leaning on the breech of the
cannon in one of his most characteris-
tic attitudes. At this time Sherman
was forty-four years of age. When
sixteen years old he had entered West
Point as a cadet, through the influ-
ence of his father, who was a Su-
preme Court judge in Ohio. At
twenty years of age he entered the
United States regular army and dur-
ing the Mexican War was engaged
in service in California. When thirty-
three years of age, Sherman resigned
from the army and became President
of the State Military Institute of
Louisiana. At the outbreak of the
Civil War he left the South and
offered his services to the Union. I [e
was a colonel at the Battle of Bull
Run. After that battle, when the
Northern Army was reorganized,
Sherman was appointed Brigadier-
General of Volunteers and command-
ed the Department of the Cumber-
land. He demanded 200,000 men to
reach the Gulf, but it was refused and
he was ordered into Missouri. He
was for a time inactive but came to
the front again at Sbiloh in command
of a division under Grant. His brav-
ery secured his promotion to Major-
General and he became active in the
campaign around Vicksburg. He
then entered into the Mississippi
Campaign and led the forces against
Atlanta, resulting in his famous march
to the sea. This photograph was
taken on the eighteenth day of July,
in 1864, on the lines before Atlanta.
Sherman was much interested in the
new science of photography and
he always protected the cameras.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ON THE LINES BEFORE ATLANTA, GEORGIA, IN 1S64 GENERAL WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN AND STAFF
BATTLEFIELD OF PEACH TREE CREEK, GEORGIA, JULY 20, 1864 — HOODS FIRST SORTIE NEAR ATLANTA WHERE GENERAL MCPHERSON WAS KILLED, JULY 22, 1864, NEAR ATLANTA — HOOD'S SECOND SORTIE
BATTLEFIELD AT ATLANTA, GEORGIA, JULY 22, 1S64 — HOOD'S SECOND SORTIE
MILL AND RAILROAD DESTROYED BY CONFEDERATES ON EVACUATION OF ATLANTA, SEPTEMBER 2, 1864
CAPTAIN JOHN A. WINSLOW AND OFFICERS ON DECK OF KEAKSARGE ON RETURN TO AMERICA AFTER
DESTRUCTION OF THE "ALABAMA"" IN THE ENGLISH CHANNEL
CONFEDERATE
IRONCLAD RAM "TENNESSEE" CAPTURED AT MOBILE BAY AUGUST 5, 1864, BY ADMIRAL FARRAGU'
ATLANTA was evacuated by the Confederates on the first day of September, in 1S64
after a long, hard siege. The formal surrender was made by the Mayor on Sept-
tember second and the city became a military depot governed by military law.
During this campaign of four months the Federals lost 3 1 ,680 men ; the Confederates 34,986.
The war photographers secured many negatives of the battlefields in the siege around At-
lanta. A view is here shown of Peach Tree Creek where the Federal loss was 1,710 and the
Confederate 4,796. Another camera was taken to the woods where the Union general, Mc-
Pherson, was killed in Hood's second sortie outside of the city. The daring commander
rode directly into the enemy's line, without knowledge of danger. An interesting picture
is that of the earth- works before Atlanta, during Hood's first sortie, in which the Union
losses were 3,641, and the Confederate 8,499. The destruction that was wrought during
the siege of Atlanta is perpetuated by many of these negatives. While the armies were
making these decisive blows, the "Kearsarge" 3,000 miles away, met and sunk the Confeder-
ate ship, "Alabama," in the English Channel on Sunday morning, June 19, 1864. The
"Alabama" had been roaming the seas nearly two years, capturing and burning American
merchantmen. Another important naval conflict occured on the 5th of August when Ad-
miral Farragut gained possession of Mobile Bay, Alabama, and the war cameras caught
a picture of the rebel ram, "Tennessee," the ironclad captured at that time by Farragut.
DEVASTATION ON MARCH TO THE SEA
SHERMAN'S MEN DESTROYING RAILROAD
CONFEDERATE DEFENSES AT CIIATTAIIOOCIIIE RIVER BRIDGE, GEORGIA, IN 1864
GENERAL U. S. GRANT AND STAFF AT CITY POINT, VIRGINIA, IN AUGUST, 1864
WHILE the combined armies under Sherman lay in and around Atlanta until Octo-
ber, 1864, the war photographers were used extensively. Fierce encounters took
place early in that month around Kenesaw Mountain and along Allatoona Pass.
During this famous encounter Sherman stood on the top of Kenesaw. General Corse, who
was leading the Union Division into combat, sent him this message: "I am short a cheek-
bone and one ear, but am able to whip all hell yet." It was to this that Sherman made his
famous reply: " Hold the fort, for I am coming." Sherman began his famous march to the
sea on the fifteenth of November. As the columns left Atlanta the Federal engineers applied
their torches to the depot, roundhouse, and the machine shops of the Georgia railroad. The
columns extended to the northern part of the city. Stores, warehouses, hotels, and mills,
with many private dwellings, were destroyed to the value of more than three millions of dol-
lars. Amid the fierce heat and roar Sherman rode out of Atlanta on the afternoon of Nov-
ember 1 6th. The great army for five consecutive weeks swept across Georgia. The 62,000
men, 20,000 horses and mules, marched 300 miles in a route from 20 to 60 miles wide. The
army captured twenty million pounds of corn and fodder, three million rations of bread and
meat, one million rations of coffee and sugar and 350 miles of railroad track were destroyed.
Sherman estimated the property losses at over one hundred millions of dollars. The Federal
losses during the campaign were but 6t, men killed on the field, 245 wounded, and 259 mis-
sing. The Confederacy was severed and a decisive step taken toward ending the Civil War.
BATTLEGROUND OF ALLATOONA PASS, IN GEORGIA, OCTOBER 5, 1864
DESTRUCTION FROM EXPLOSION OF ORDNANCE BARGES AT WHARVES AT CITY POINT, VIRGINIA, AUGUST 9, 1864
WHILE Sherman was marching from
Chattanooga, Tennessee, to Atlanta,
Georgia, on his famous march to the
sea, Grant was laying siege on
Petersburg, Virginia, twenty-two miles south of
Richmond. This was the central point for five
railroads, giving communication with the Caro-
Hnas and Southern Virginia. Its possession by
Federal troops would cut off Richmond and
force the evacuation of the Confederate Capital.
Lee was strongly intrenched around Petersburg.
For a time during the summer there was hot
fighting every hour in the day and frequently far
into the night. The two armies were ready to
fight to a finish. The Union Army was prepar-
ing itself for the final stroke and the conflicts
were constant. It was during this campaign
that the battles of New Market Heights and
Cedar Creek were fought and Sheridan made his
famous ride down the Shenandoah Valley to
Winchester. Grant's base of supplies was at
City Point on the James River. On the ninth
day of August, in 1864, there was an explosion
of the ordnance barges and a war camera was
hurried to the scene and secured this negative
on the same day. At the same time, while Gen-
eral Grant was in conference with his staff in his
tent at the army headquarters, the war photogra-
phers secured the picture shown on the preceding
page. The general may be seen in the center of
the group, sitting in the chair, with his hat char-
acteristically pushed back on his head and his
legs crossed. This is an interesting negative.
IN the closing months of 1S64
events occurred in rapid succes-
sion in the southwest. The
Confederates, under Hood,
driven from Georgia by Sherman, in-
vaded Middle Tennessee. General
Price began his invasion of Missouri
and destroyed property valued at
three millions of dollars and seized a
vast quantity of supplies. The Union
forces, under General Thomas, were
concentrated at Nashville. There
were continual skirmishes and at
nightfall, on the sixteenth of Decem-
ber, General Thomas ordered his
troops into line of battle, with the in-
tent of driving Hood's Army from the
territory. In a terrific fire of mus-
ketry, grape and canister, the Fed-
erals pushed forward. In the next
two days the Confederates lost all
their artillery. General Thomas took
four thousand, five hundred prison-
ers, nearly three hundred being offi-
cers. The fleeing Confederate col-
umns left nearly three thousand dead
and wounded on the ground, while
the Federal loss was three hundred.
The weather was very cold, but
Thomas pursued his foe relentlessly.
Hood's men were in a desperate con-
dition, barefooted, ragged and dis-
heartened. They were pressed to the
Tennessee River where thirteen thou-
sand were taken prisoners, and
Flood's great army was practically
annihilated, their small arms scat-
tered along the roads, and cannon,
caissons and wagons abandoned.
Hood took the remnants of his army
into Mississippi where he was re-
lieved from command by his own re-
quest and retired minus the arm he
left at Gettysburg and the leg he left
at Chickamauga. On the thirtieth
day of December, in 1864, Thomas
went into winter quarters. One
of the last photographs of the year
was taken in Fort Negley, Nashville,
Tennessee, showing the ironclad case-
mates and the interior of the fort.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN FORT NEGLEY AT NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE, SHOWING IRONCLAD CASEMATES,
(M)
THE last days of 1864 closed
with the Army of the Poto-
mac and the Army of the
James maintaining - the siege
about Petersburg 1 . Nearly every hour
of the day and night the air was filled
with the roar of siege cannons and
mortars. Brady and Gardner had
several of their cameras at the siege
of Petersburg. Many rare negatives
are to-day witnesses of this great
event. The picture shown on this
page was taken during the siege. It
shows the thir teen-inch "Dictator,"
known as the "Petersburg Express,"
mounted on a flat freight car made
strong for this purpose. It was
on the military railroad outside of
Petersburg and moved continually
along the line, throwing its huge
death-dealing bombs into the- city.
Some of the mortars were mounted on
very strong, special-made cars, pro-
tected with roofs of railroad iron.
Grant's line was twenty-five miles
long, but with its parallels extending
over ninety miles. The two forts
nearest the city of Petersburg were
known by the soldiers as Fort Hell
and Fort Damnation. From their
casemates the movements of the sol-
diers of the beleagured city were dis-
tinctly visible. The guns of these
two advanced forts were never silent.
At nightfall, the pickets, with one
hundred and fifty rounds of ball car-
tridges, left for the outposts, and
many of them never returned. The
night was made hideous by the roar
of huge siege guns, the sudden
crashes of musketry and the crack of
rifle shells. The openings of the
breastworks were so filled with shot
during this siege that in time of truce
the soldiers would dig the narrow
openings out with their fingers. On
the next page is shown a photograph
taken April 2, 1865, in Confederate
trenches at Petersburg just after their
capture by the daring Union troops.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ON GRANT'S MILITARY RAILROAD WHEN THE I3-INCH MORTAR "DICTATOR" OK "PETERSBURG EXPRESS" WAS THROWING SHELLS INTO PETERSBURG IN I
25&g$JS8
GENERALS HANCOCK, BARLOW, ItlRNEY AND GIBBON
SIEGE OF PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN JUST BEFORE ITS FALL IN 1865
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RAILROAD BATTERY IN FRONT OF PETERSBURG DURING SIEGE EARTHWORKS IN FRONT OF PETERSBURG— FEDERAL LINES AT FOR
r MORTON
DEAD CONFEDERATES IN TRENCHES AT PETERSBURG
DEEDS of valor on the battlefield have been sung
from the earliest ages, but there is no epoch in
the world's history when men have shown more
magnificent courage, or greater devotion to principle,
than in the Civil War of the United States. The days
of ancient knighthood never saw more gallant fighters, no
lancer ever met a worthier foe. It was the grandest
spectacle of heroism that eyes have ever witnessed. At
the battle-front, in prison pit, in hospital, or wounded on
the field — no men ever endured more intense suffering.
The only National debt we can never pay is the debt
we owe to the men who offered their lives that the United
American Nation might live to become the greatest power
in the human race. The heroic sacrifices will never be
known. Jt has been variously estimated from three hun-
dred thousand to a million lives. The Government
records 44,238 men as having been killed in battle;
49,205 dying of wounds and injuries; 186,2 16 succumbing
to disease; 24,184 expiring from unknown causes; and
526 suicides, homicides and executions. Thousands or
men disappeared during the conflict and have never been
heard from since. The surgeon-general's records give
280,040 wounded in battle; 184,791 missing or captured;
26,168 dying while prisoners of war. The medical
records state that 6,049,648 cases were brought into the
hospitals, great numbers of whom were sent home to die.
The Confederate losses can never be ascertained but it is
very probable that the price that America paid for the
preservation of the Union was a million of its manhood.
The crisis of 1865 held not only the future of the
United States in the balance, but threatened to change
the political divisions of the world. The American
Nation, which is the "freest, richest and most powerful"
nation under the skies, would have been divided into
two weakened republics, each struggling for existence,
disputing the ownership of rivers and coast, engaged in
continual border uprisings, and finally becoming the prey
of the powerful nations of Europe — only to be soon
" When 'Greek meets Greek' the tug of war
Is sure to follow fierce and strong;
What wonder that the bloody strife
'Twixt North and South was four years long !
Four hundred thousand of our brave
Gave up their lives that we might be
A Nation, powerful and great,
The fitting home of Liberty.
America will surely stand
The first and foremost of the earth:
The Queen of Nations she shall be,
And all her sons have royal birth.
FOR THE SAKE OF THEIR COUNTRY-Photograph
taken by Brady on the battlefield during the Civil War
"The Goddess of sweet Liberty
Still smiles upon her gallant knights
Who bravely sprang to her defense,
And fearless fought to keep our rights.
Then cheer our heroes, grim and old,
And let them feel while yet alive,
We honor them for what they did
From sixty-one to sixty-five.
All honor to our sacred dead.
And honor well the living, too,
Our Veterans of the Civil War,
These noble boys who wore the blue."
devoured by encroaching monarchies of the Eastern
Hemisphere.
The problem was settled for all ages in 1865. The
American Nation rose from the ruins of War like a
young giant. Grasping the hand of the North and the
South, it clasped them together with the grip of brother-
hood and the sacred pledge, "United we stand; divided
we fall." Long live America, the Land of the Free and
the Home of the Brave ! The vast armies, "strong
enough to have conquered a hemisphere, vanished like a
vision and the men who fought side by side through the
perils of four years of Civil War, laid down their arms,
changed their uniforms of blue and gray for the apparel
of everyday life, and took up once more the peaceful
occupations they had abandoned to serve their country."
The Spring of 1865 can never be forgotten by the
men who went through it. It was a time of intense
excitement and overflowing enthusiasm which carried
itself almost to pandemonium. The war cameras, which
had perpetuated the last wonderful scenes of the conflict,
were taken to Washington and New York, and the
Summer fell upon a peaceful people.
It is the avowed mission of these pages to lay before
the present generation the vision of War in all its horror
that those who look upon them may pledge themselves to
the furtherance of the day "when a cannon will be exhib-
ited in public museums, just as an instrument of torture is
now, and people will be amazed that such a thing could
have been;" the day when "those two immense groups,
the United States of America, and the United States of
Europe," and the United States of Asia and of Africa,
"will be seen placed in the presence of each other, extend-
ing the hand of fellowship across the oceans, exchanging
their produce, their commerce, their industries, their arts,
their genius; clearing the earth, peopling the desert,
improving creation under the eye of the Creator, and unit-
ing for the good of all, these two irresistible and infinite
powers — the fraternity of men and the power of God!"
vere.
perate
THE first days of 1865 around
Petersburg were a hard
strain on the soldiers. The
winter's siege had been se-
The Confederates were des-
Unablc to break the Federal
lines at Dinwiddie, Five Forks, or any
of the many combats that were con-
tinually taking place, defeat and anni-
hilation awaited them. On the first
of April the entire artillery forces in
the trenches before Petersburg began
a tremendous cannonading which
continued until dawn. The Union
troopsduring the night tightened their
lines around Petersburg until the fol-
lowing morning, which was Sunday.
At daylight, on Monday, the third of
April, Lee evacuated Petersburg and
the Union forces entered the city
about nine o'clock. Cameras were
soon taken through the gates and dur-
ing the day several photographs were
taken, including a negative of the
trenches containing the dead. This
photograph shows a company of col-
ored infantry. There were 186,097
colored troops enlisted in the Civil
War. In many conflicts they showed
great bravery, especially during the
siege of Petersburg. An instance of
their great courage was the attempt
to break through the Confederate
lines by tunneling under one of the
fortifications and blowing it up with
the charge of eight thousand pounds
of powder. In the smoke of the ex-
plosion the colored troops charged
through the crater and up the slope
beyond, only to meet with a terrific
fire in which hundreds of colored he-
roes were mown down like grass,
with no hope of anyone reaching the
crest, but they held to the charge un-
til ordered to retire. The engage-
ments around Petersburg during its
last nine months cost the Union Army
more than thirty thousand men.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE COLORED INFANTRY WAS MOVING TO THE EATTLEGROUND
THIS witness of a remarkable
sight is so old that it will be
noted that the tree at the
right of the picture is being
eaten away from the original nega-
tive. It lays before the eyes of all
generations the view of the first
wagon train entering Petersburg
with provisions for the starving in-
habitants after one of the greatest
sieges in history. It was on Sunday
night, about ten o'clock, the second
day of April, in 1865, that the reso-
lute Lee marshalled his troops for the
evacuation of Petersburg. At three
on the following morning the strong-
hold of the Confederacy was left to
the Union forces. At nine on the
same morning General Grant rode
into the deserted city. The remain-
ing inhabitants were panic-stricken
and in a destitute condition. Many
of them had escaped with their beloved
leader while others, in abject terror,
secluded themselves in their homes
(Irani, with his staff, rode quietly
through the streets until he came to a
comfortable-looking brick house, with
a yard in front, where he dismounted
and took a seat on the veranda. The
gentle manner of the great general
found a response in the hearts of
those who had feared him. Citizens
soon gathered on the sidewalk and
gazed with curiosity on the Union
commander. News of the hunger of
the people was hurried along the line.
Great wagon trains of provisions
struggled for miles through road-
ways choked with prisoners, strag-
glers and wounded. This photograph
was taken as the first division, loaded
with barrels of Hour, pork, coffee,
sugar, and other necessaries, rolled
into Petersburg. With the brotherly
affection that even the madness of
war cannot destroy, the men in blue
came to those devoted to the gray,
not as enemies, but as fellowmen ever
willing to relieve the suffering. The
humanity of war is here exemplified.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE GOVERNMENT PROVI5ION TRAINS WERE ENTERING PETERSBURG AFTER EVACUATION IN 1865
THE largest fleet that had ever
been assembled under one
command in the history of
the American Navy concen-
trated before Fort Fisher, North Car-
olina, late in 1864. It included nearly
sixty vessels, of which five were iron-
clads, and the three largest United
States steam frigates, "Minnesota,"
"Colorado" and "Wabash," and was
accompanied by one of the war cam-
eras. The total number of guns and
howitzers of the fleet were over
six hundred, and the weight of pro-
jectiles at a single discharge of all the
guns, both broadsides, was over
twenty-two tons. The Atlantic and
Gulf coast were almost entirely in the
Government possession and the Navy
was prepared to strike its decisive
blow. Fort Fisher was now the most
important Confederate naval position.
The first attack took place in the night
of December twenty-third, when a
powder-boat was exploded under the
towering walls of the old fort. It
was believed that it was leveled to the
ground, but in the morning the grim
fort stood absolutely uninjured with
its flag floating defiantly. An attack
was then led by the ironclads, fol-
lowed by the monitors and frigates.
A naval officer in describing it says :
"Their sides seemed a sheet of flame,
and the roar of their guns like a
mighty thunderbolt." The enemy
took refuge in their bomb-proofs.
Owing to misunderstanding between
army and navy the fort was not taken.
An excellent photograph was secured
of one of the gunboats in the Fort
Fisher expedition — the "Santiago de
Cuba," and the negative is one
of the finest naval pictures ever taken.
PHOTOCRAPH TAKEN AS GUNBOAT "SANTIAGO DE CUBA" SAILED ON THE FORT FISHER EXPEDITION
<1M>
DISMANTLED GUN AT FORT FISHER IN 1865
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT FORT FISHER, NORTH CAROLINA, SHOWING DESTRUCTION OF GUN CARRIAGE IN 1865
THE last stronghold of the
Southern Confederacy on the
Atlantic Coast fell early in
1865. On the twelfth of Jan-
uary operations were agreed upon for
the final assault on Fort Fisher and a
photograph was taken of the fleet as
it lay off the coast. On the morning
of the thirteenth the ironclads opened
a terrific fire. Fort Fisher was at
this time much stronger than at the
first attack. Troops had reinforced
the garrison. Damages from the first
bombardment had been repaired and
new defenses added. In describing
the downfall of the fort one who par-
ticipated says: "I believe there had
never before been such a storm of
shell in any naval engagement. At
noon on the fifteenth the attempt was
made for the sailors and marines to
land. From thirty-five of the sixty
ships of the fleet boats were lowered,
and with flags flying, pulled toward
the beach in line abreast, a most spir-
ited scene. The sailors were armed
with cutlasses and pistols. The great
land battery, the artillery and a thou-
sand rifles opened fire from Fort
Fisher. The daring sailors found
themselves packed like sheep in a
death pen, under a most galling fire."
The army pressed forward under
General Terry's command, fighting its
way from traverse to traverse, over-
powering the garrison, and finally
driving the Confederates from their
last refuge. Fort Fisher fell on the
fifteenth of January. The casualties
in the fleet amounted to 309, while
Terry's command lost no killed and
53C wounded — a total of nearly 1,000
men. With the fall of Fort 'Fisher
and its seventy-five guns, the Con-
federates abandoned Fort Caswell
and all the works on Smith's Island ;
all those between Caswell and Smith-
ville up to the battery on Reeve's
Toint on the west side of the river.
This photograph of the fleet that took
Fort Fisher shows the ships assem-
bling off the coast. The negative
was secured under much difficulty.
■ K
Mk_M .Jk,
CoPYflicHT 130?
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AS GREATEST FLEET CARRYING AMERICAN FLAG WAS PREPARING TO ATTACK FORT FISHER IN 1865
THE Civil War was a great
practical demonstration of
naval vessels propelled by
steam. The whole system of
naval tactics had undergone a great
change. The guns had become vastly
more powerful ; war ships were now
protected by a light armor, and the
torpedo had found its way into suc-
cessful employment. The normal
strength of the Navy at the beginning
of the war was ninety vessels ; fifty of
these were sailing ships, worthy ves-
sels in years gone by, but now left be-
hind by progress. There were forty
vessels propelled by steam and many
of these were scattered on the high
seas. As the war progressed, the
Navy was increased and at its close
had nearly six hundred ships, includ-
ing every variety of merchantman and
river steamboat roughly adapted in
navy-yards for war services. There
were built or projected during the
war nearly sixty ironclads. At the
beginning of the war the total number
of officers of all grades in the Navy
was 1,457, a "d during its progress the
number was increased to 7,500,
chiefly from the merchant marine.
The normal strength of seamen,
which was 7,600, rose during the war
to 51,500. The South entered upon
the war without any naval prepara-
tion and with very limited resources,
but by purchases and seizures
equipped a considerable fleet. Toward
the close of the conflict the war pho-
tographers secured a large number
of negatives during naval demonstra-
tions. Among those here presented
is Admiral David D. Porter and staff
on his flagship, "Malvern," on the
Fort Fisher Expedition. The gallant
admiral may be seen standing in the
center of the group. A picture is on
the following page of Major-General
A. H. Terry and staff, in command of
the land demonstrations around Fort
Fisher, and on whom special honors
were conferred by Congress for his
courageous leadership in the attack.
These photographs witness the last
great naval demonstration of the war.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE ADMIRAL PORTER AND STAFF WERE ON FLAGSHIP "MALVERN" IN FORT FISHER EXPEDITION IN 1865
(103)
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PANORAMIC VIEW OF FORT FISHER. NORTH CAROLINA, IN 1 86 5
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MAJOR-GENERAL ALFRED H. TERRY AND STAFF AT FORT FISHER
(104)
ENGLISH ARMSTRONG GUN IN FORT FISHER
RUINS OF COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA, FROM THE CAPITOL SHELLED
BY SHERMAN, FEBRUARY l6, 1865 PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN BY BRADY WHILE RUINS WERE SMOKING
THE final blows of the Civil War came quick and sharp. Grant had taken
Petersburg; Thomas had annihilated the Confederate forces under Hood
along the Mississippi River ; Sherman had swept through Georgia and
overrun the Carolinas. Exactly four years after the inauguration of Jef-
ferson Davis as President of the Confederacy, historic Columbia and Charleston,
South Carolina, surrendered. The closing days sowed flame and devastation.
The war cameras followed Sherman's Army into Columbia and the old negatives
tell the tragedy of the destroyed Confederate cities. One of them here reproduced
is historic Secession Hall in ruins. It was here that the first Ordinance of Seces-
sion was passed. This view shows the historic edifice as it appeared when the
Union troops took possession of the city. Adjoining the Hall is the ruins of
Central Church, and in the background is St. Phillips Church. The fall of
Columbia occurred on February 12, 1865. Charleston surrendered the following
day, and the Federal Government took possession. One of these photographs
shows the ruins of the Northeastern Railroad Depot at Charleston where two
hundred persons were blown up on the day of evacuation, February 17, 1865.
Sherman moved on through North Carolina and fought his last battle at Benton-
ville, where the National loss was 1,604 >™ n and the Confederate loss 2,342.
During these last days of the war occurred a disaster on the Mississippi River.
The "Sultana" was on her journey from New Orleans to St. Louis, receiving on
board 1 ,964 Union prisoners from Columbia, Salisbury, Andersonville and other
Confederate prisons. Anxious to proceed North, little heed was given that the
ship was already carrying a heavy load of passengers on board, occupying every
foot of available space on all the decks to the tops of the cabins and the wheel-
house, and on the twenty-seventh of April, when about eight miles above
Memphis, one of her boilers blew up. The dead at the scene numbered 1,500.
RUINS OF DEPOT WHERE TWO HUNDRED PERSONS
WERE BLOWN UP ON EVACUATION OF CHARLESTON
RUINS OF SECESSION HALL AT CHARLESTON AFTER
SURRENDER, FEBRUARY 1 8, 1865
STEAMER "SULTANA" CONVEYING EXCHANGED UNION PRISONERS DESTROYED IN MISSISSIPPI RIVER IN 1865
(105)
IN the hospitals of the army dur-
ing the Civil War 6,049,648
cases were treated by the offi-
cers of the Medical Department.
The medical skill of the surgeons and
physicians is evidenced by the fact
that only 185,353 of these patients
died during their detention in the hos-
pitals. While a large number of
these soldiers suffered from gunshot
wounds, the disease of chronic diar-
rhoea was nearly as fatal, and its
deadlincss was closely followed by
the ravages of typhoid fever and lung
diseases. It is estimated that 285,245
men were discharged during the war
for disability. A tribute should be
paid to the nobility of the hospital
corps. Many noble men and women
did great service to their country in
relieving the sufferings that followed
the battles. After many of the terri-
fic conflicts the ground was strewn
with the dead and dying. The
wounded, in whom there was a hope
of life, were given immediate care
and hurried on stretchers to nearby
houses and barns from which floated
the yellow flag of the Medical De-
partment. Large hospital tents were
erected near the scene of battle. At
times all the rooms in the surround-
ing farmhouses were full of wound-
ed; the injured men were laid on
cornstalks and hay in the barns.
Sometimes it was impossible to find
shelter for them all and they were
laid on boards inclined against fences.
Many of the large trees formed a
shelter for a temporary hospital,
where the men were laid in rows
while the attendants administered to
their wants. In no previous war in
the history of the world was so much
done to alleviate suffering as in the
War of 1861-1865. But notwith-
standing all that was done, the
wounded suffered horribly. After
any great battle it required several
days and nights of steady work before
all the wounded men were gathered.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE AMBULANCE CORPS WERE REMOVING WOUNDED SOLDIERS TO THE FIELD HOSPITAL
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SMOKESTACK OF EXPLODED RAM "VIRGINIA IX 1 86
CONFEDERATE ARTILLERY ON WHARVES NEAR RICHMOND
RUINED LOCOMOTIVE AFTER FALL OF RICHMOND IN 1865
JEFFERSON DAVIS was at St. Paul's Church, in Richmond, at the usual
hour of Sunday morning worship when he received the message that
Petersburg" was being evacuated and Lee's lines were irreparably broken.
The sexton walked up to Davis's pew and whispered a few words in the
President's ear. The members of the Cabinet received similar calls. From
church to church the note of warning was communicated. By two o'clock every-
body in Richmond knew that the city was to be abandoned. The Presidential
party with difficulty made its way through the excited crowd which thronged
and blocked the streets. Davis began his flight by boarding a train and went
as far as Danville where, on April 4, 1865, he began to establish a new seat of
government. The following day he issued a proclamation to his people, only
to again flee to Greensborough, North Carolina, where he remained in a railroad
car. On reaching Charlotte, he threw off the semblance of authority and planned
to reach Texas. The flight was continued through South Carolina and into
Macon, Georgia. In the meantime, a reward of $100,000 was offered for the
apprehension of Davis. He was finally captured in a camp in the woods near
Irwinsville, Georgia, while trying to escape in a lady's waterproof coat, gathered
at the waist, with a shawl thrown over the head, and carrying a tin pail. This
remarkable photograph was taken while the Confederate President was being
carried as a prisoner in an ambulance through the streets of Macon. He was
conveyed to Fortress Monroe, for safe keeping, on May 22, 1865, and was
finally allowed his freedom on bail and never brought to trial. Brady entered
Richmond with his cameras a few hours after the departure of Davis and these
negatives witness the ruins. The great tobacco warehouses had been destroyed
and the ironclad rams on the river had been blown up. The city was being pil-
laged. The Union troops entered as conquerors and immediately set to work
with a will to extinguish the flames which wrought great destruction and havoc.
AMBULANCE CONVEYING JEFFERSON DAVIS AFTER HIS CAPTURE PASSING
THROUGH THE STREETS OF MACON, GEORGIA
RICHMOND was a mass of
flames on the third of April,
in 1865. As the Federal
forces entered the city it was
a scene of terrible splendor. The ex-
plosion of magazines caused the earth
to rock and tremble as with the shock
of an earthquake. The flames were
leaping from building to building un-
til thirty squares were ablaze, con-
suming over one thousand structures.
Prisoners were liberated from the
penitentiary and the torch was applied
to it. Men, women and children,
faint from hunger, fled from their
homes. The provision depots were
battered at the doors and forced open
in the demoniacal struggle against
starvation. The gutters ran with
whiskey, and men fell to their knees
and lapped it as it flowed through the
streets. The clatter of the hoofs of
the horses added to the tumult as the
Union troops entered the city. At
daylight the approach of the Federal
forces could be plainly discerned. The
war cameras came into Richmond with
the army. The Union soldiers began
to fight the flames, blowing up houses
to check their advance. There was a
cavalry rush for Libby prison to bring
freedom to the Union soldiers con-
fined within its walls, but upon reach-
ing it not a guard nor an inmate re-
mained. The doors were wide open.
An old negro placidly remarked:
"Dey's all gone, massal" The day
following a mighty cheer was heard
near the abandoned residence of Tef-
ferson Davis. President Lincoln
walked down the street with his usual
long, careless stride. After viewing
the situation and impressing upon
the officers his desire that they exert
the most humane influences, Lincoln
returned to Washington. One of the
most valuable negatives in the Civil
War collection is the ruins of Rich-
mond on the day that Lincoln in-
spected the condition of the city.
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF THE RUINS AT RICHMOND THE DAY AFTER ITS EVACUATION IN l86$
WHEN Lee, with the rem-
nant of his army, fled
from Richmond and Pe-
tersburg, he was closely
pursued by Grant and attacked vig-
orously at every approach. For sev-
enty miles it was a race that was
marked by a long track of blood.
There were collisions at Jestersville,
Detonville, Deep Creek, Paine's Cross
Roads, and Farmville. At Sailor's
Creek the Confederate lines were
broken by Custer. The Confederate
General Ewell, with four other gen-
erals and his entire corps, were cap-
tured and on the eighth of April the
Southern Army, under Lee, was
completely surrounded. Lee had but
28,000 men left and his brave dead
were lying in heaps along the route of
his retreat. Hemmed in at Appomat-
tox Court House a last desperate
effort was made to cut through the
Federal cavalry. He was gaining
ground when Sheridan's bugles rang
out the signal for a general charge
and a hajt was called under a flag of
truce. The two historic armies never
exchanged another shot. General
Lee left his camp on the morning of
April 8 and was conducted to the
McLean house, where he found Gen-
eral Grant awaiting him. The actual
surrender took place on April 12,
1865. The Confederate officers and
men were paroled. Lee returned to
his men and bade them farewell.
The scene was one of the most pa-
thetic in the records of war. The
Confederate veterans wept like chil-
dren as they looked upon the face of
their beloved leader. His last words
to his men were : "You will take with
you the satisfaction that proceeds
from the consciousness of duty faith-
fully performed. I earnestly pray
that a merciful God will extend to you
His blessing and protection." A few
hours after Lee's surrender this pho-
tograph was taken at Appomattox.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT THE MCLEAN HOUSE AT APPOMATTOX THE DAY THAT LEE SURRENDERED TO GRANT, APRIL 9, 1865
IT is here in these closing pages
the sad duty of these wonderful
old negatives to record one of
the deepest tragedies in the
history of the world. In it the greatest
Republic of the earth, at the close of
the most terrific conflict ever waged
by fellow countrymen, saw its cham-
pion of Liberty fall at the hands of an
assassin. The great Lincoln looked
forward to years of peace among a
re-united people, On the night of
April 14, 1865, he was murdered at
Ford's Theater. The bitter tidings
Swept the country. The American
Nation was bowed down with grief.
The rendezvous of the conspirators
was found to be the house of Mrs. M.
E. Surratl, located in the very heart
of Washington. Mrs. Surratt, her
daughter Anna, Miss Fitzpatrick and
a Miss llolahan were arrested.
George A. Atzerott, and one named
Powell*, were later captured. The
principal assassin, John Wilkes Booth,
was found eleven days after the
murder and was shot when he re-
fused to surrender. His companion,
Harold, who had been a fugitive with
him, was taken prisoner. The trial
01 the conspirators took place in
Washington before a military com-
mission. On July 6, 1865, sentence
was pronounced and on the following
day the four conspirators — Harold,
Atzerott, Powell and Mrs. Surratt —
were hanged. Two of Brady's cam-
eras were taken into the prison yard
and placed near the scaffold. When the
warrant was being read one camera
was used and the historic view is now
in the Eaton Collection. When the
drop was sprung, the second negative
was exposed and the tragic scene is
here recorded. Mrs. Surratt is hang-
ing at the left. The ghastliness was
such that many of the guards turned
their heads. It is believed to be the
first time that the camera has been
used to perpetuate the execution of
political conspirators. The negatives
are in excellent condition and their
historic value is beyond purchase.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IX PRISON YARD IN WASHINGTON AT HANGING OF MRS. SURRATT AND THE LINCOLN ASSASSINATION CONSPIRATORS IN 1865
THE funeral procession of Lin-
coln as it passed through
New York was witnessed by
nearly a million people. The
body was taken to Springfield, Ohio,
his old home town to which he had
not returned since he left it to go to
Washington as President of the
United States. Lincoln was buried
at Oak Ridge Cemetery, about two
miles from Springfield. Immediately
after the close of the war the Govern-
ment began inquiry into the cruelties
alleged to have taken place in many of
the prisons. The result was the arrest
of Captain Henry Wirtz, the jailor at
Andersonvillc. He was given trial
before a military commission and
convicted of brutally murdering Union
prisoners. Wirtz was sentenced to
death and hanged on the tenth of No-
vember, 1865. The execution took
place in Washington within short dis-
tance of the National Capitol, and
Brady's cameras were taken into the
prison yard. The negative was taken
as the condemned man stood on the
scaffold, with head bowed, listening
to the reading of his death warrant.
Another negative was secured after
the noose had been tightened around
his neck and the drop had been
sprung. The photographs perpetuate
a tragic moment. It will be seen that
the soldiers on guard were standing
at "attention." The evidence against
Wirtz was overwhelming. Many
witnesses testified to the cruelty of
the accused man and the horrors en-
acted within the dead lines at Ander-
sonvillc. Prisoners were forced to
go forty-eight hours without food.
Many of them became insane ; others
committed suicide. There were de-
liberate, cold-blooded murders of
peaceable men. No opportunities
were afforded for cleanliness and the
prisoners were covered with vermin.
The execution of Wirtz met public
approval and this photograph shows
him in his last moments of life.
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE DEATH WARRANT WAS BEING READ TO WIRTZ, THE KEEPER OF ANDERSONVILLE PRISON IN 1865
HERO OF THE AMERICANS WHO WORE THE BLUE
Ulysses Simpson Grant— Born at Point Pleasant, Ohio, April 27, 1822 — Died at
Mt. Gregor, New York, July 33, 188s— Graduated from West Point in 18*3 and
fought gallantly under the Stars and Stripes in the War against Mexico— Com-
mander-in-chief of the victorious Union Army in the Civil War In the United
States— This photograph was taken when he was forty-two years of age, during
the Civil War, and was never before published— It is protected by copyright
A MERICANS— true to the blue or true to
AA the gray — bow in reverence to the mem-
■*- -*- ory of these two great fellow country-
men — the greatest leaders that mankind
has ever followed. Under the same beloved flag
they fought in their early days, only to stand
arrayed against each other as foes in their latter
days, and to finally die as loyal Americans. Never
before has the public looked upon these photo-
graphs, which were taken by the war cameras at
Appomattox at the end of the war. When
Lee offered his sword to Grant it was courte-
ously returned to him. The two gallant generals
lifted their hats and parted forever. Grant
mounted his horse, and started with his staff for
Washington. Lee set out for Richmond, a
broken-hearted man. The armies returning
from the field were brought to Washington for a
grand review and mustered out of service. The
news of Lee's surrender passed from army to
army through the South and West, and six weeks
later the last gun had been fired and musket laid
down in the Civil War of the United States. In
closing these pages, acknowledgment is made to
the many eminent historians whose scholarly
works have been consulted and quoted in narrat-
ing the incidents surrounding these photographs.
Mr. Edward B. Eaton, who has prepared this
remarkable presentation from his valuable col-
lection; Mr. Francis T. Miller, the editor and
writer of this book; and Mr. George E. Tracy,
associated with Mr. Eaton in placing this vol-
ume before the public, wish to express their
appreciation for the cordial interest taken in the
work by the department commanders of the
Grand Army of the Republic, many of whom
testify to having seen the Brady cameras on the
battlefield when these negatives were being taken.
To these men — and to all who witnessed the
scenes herein perpetuated — this book is dedicated
with the benediction of the victorious Grant:
i ' ,'JKBl
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jgjgr A / ■- ^^
5ii"~ w
HERO OF THE AMERICANS WHO WORE THE GRAY
Robert Edward Lee— Born at Stratford, Virginia,
West'
ry rg, 1807 — Died at Lex-
gallantly under the Stars and Stripes in the War against Mexico— Commander-i..
chief of the vanquished Confederate Army in the Civil War in the UDited
States — This photograph was taken when he was fifty-seven years of age, during
the Civil War, and was never before published -It is protected by copyright
6 6
LET US HAVE PEACE"
THE ASSOCIATED PUBLISHERS OP AMERICAN RECORDS
PRESS OP THE DORHAN LITHOGRAPHING COMPANY
NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT
HALFTONE ENGRAVINGS ET ROBERT WELLER, HARTFORD,
THE EDWARD B. EATON COLLECTION OF ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE CIVIL WAR
PARTIAL LIST OF THE SEVEN THOUSAND NEGATIVES TAKEN UNDER THE PROTECTION OF THE
SECRET SERVICE BY MATHEW B. BRADY AND ALEXANDER GARDNER ON THE BATTLEFIELDS OF
THE CIVIL WAR IN THE UNITED STATES DURING THE YEARS 1861— 1862— 1863— 1864— 186S— AND
NOW SAFELY STORED IN THE PRIVATE VAULT OF THE OWNER AT HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT
THE Eaton Collection of Original Photographs of
the Civil War, the full history of which is given
in the introductory to this Volume, is now for
the first time unveiled to the public. In pre-
senting the reproductions in this book the owner of this
remarkable collection has protected them fully by copy-
right and warns the public against infringers. Mr.
Eaton is the sole owner of these original negatives, which
are valued at $150,000, and henceforth, any other repro-
duction must be with his written authority or it is an in-
fringement. That the public may become fully acquaint-
ed with the negatives in this official collection, experts are
now at work drawing two prints from each negative,
protecting them under copyright, and identifying, arrang-
ing and preparing them for a complete catalogue. In
several instances the label which the photographer placed
on the negatives when he made the photograph, over
forty years ago, has been lost. These are being carefully
identified by veterans of the Civil War who offer affida-
vits to having been on the scene. At present there are
still many views that are labeled "unknown." It is near-
ing a half century since the sun painted these real scenes
of that great War, and some negatives have undergone
chemical changes which make it difficult to secure
"prints" from them. There can be no substitution, as the
scenes represented on the old glass plates have passed
away forever. The great value of these pictures is appar-
ent. Several negatives are entirely past printing and all
of them require retouching byold-time photographers who
understand the process. Even to the thinning ranks of
heroes of the Civil War the scenes of 1861-1865 are but a
fading memory; cherished, it is true, and often called up
from among the dim pictures of the past, but after all,
only the vision of a dream. Artists have painted and
sketched and engraved, with more or less fidelity to fact
and detail, those "scenes of trial and danger." Their
pictures can be but imaginary conceptions of the artist.
Fortunately, our Government authorized courageous pho-
tographers to skillfully secure with their cameras the re-
flection, as in a mirror, of the thrilling scenes of the con-
flict. These views vividly renew the memories of the
war days. The camp, the march, the battlefields, the
forts and trenches, the wounded, the prisoners, the dead,
the hurriedly-made graves, and many other of those once
familiar scenes are photographically portrayed and per-
petuated.
As a record of a crisis in the history of the world, these
negatives are worth their weight in gold. Their value is
such that they cannot be handled, except with great care,
or removed for exhibition purposes. They are in a vault
in Hartford, Connecticut, where the owner is very willing
to allow the public, especially the Veterans of the Civil
War, to examine them. It is desired to have the old neg-
atives become of as much service to the public-at-large
as possible and for this purpose is compiled this partial
catalogue from the collection. Whenever the condition
of the negative permits, Mr. Eaton is willing to allow the
privilege of printing a proof. This is especially granted
to Old Soldiers or Grand Army Posts who desire certain
original photographs of scenes in which they participated.
The service of this collection, inasmuch as it pertains to
commendable purposes, is here extended to the American
People who are no longer "Federal" and "Confederate."
THIS is a partial list of the negatives in the Eaton Collection of Original
Negatives taken on the Battlefields during the Civil War of the United
States, under the protection of the Secret Service. They include all
phases of army life. The cameras followed, not only the Eastern Army
and the Army of the West, but accompanied the Naval Fleets and were present
in many demonstrations. Veterans of the Civil War are cordially invited to visit
Hartford and inspect these negatives. Proofs will be taken from any negative
here registered, for Grand Army Veterans or Posts, providing sufficient reasons
are given with the request, which should be sent direct to the owner of the col-
lection, Mr. Edward B. Eaton, Hartford, Connecticut.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
April, 1861, to August, 1861.
Three Months' Campaign.
Long Bridge, Washington, D. C, 1.7824.
Christ church, Alexandria, whore General Washington attended,
8.2301.
Marshall House, Alexandria, Va., 8.1189.
Slave-pen, Alexandria, Va., 1.7264, 8.1003, 9.1174.
Ruins of Norfolk navy-yard, 8.984.
Ruins of Harper's Ferry arsenal ,8.655.
Ruins of bridge across Potomoo River at Berlin, 3.658,
Fairfax court-house, S.298.
Fairfax Beminary, 8.2322.
Fairfax church, 8.2323.
Taylor's tavern, near Fall's Church, 8.2320.
Cub Run, 8.307.
Bull Run, 8.1111.
Battlefield, of Hull Run, 8.1046.
Ruins of ntono bridge, Hull Run, 1.7082, 8.310, 8.312.
Sudloy church, 8.316, 8.316. 8.1017, S.1HB.
Sudley Ford, Bull Run, 8.313, 8.314.
Thorburn'a house. Bull Bun, 8.317.
Matthews's Iioubo, Bull Run, S.318.
Robinson's house. Bull Run, 8.319, 8.1176.
Ruins of Honry's house, Bull Run, 8.320.
Headquarters of General Beauregard (confederate) at Manassas,
8.327.
Stone church, Contreville, 9.302.
Mrs. Spinner's house, near Centrevllle, 9.308, 9.309.
Grlgsby House (Stevens's house), near Oentreville, 9.1163, S.303.
Soldiers' graves, Bull Run, S.321.
Dedication of monument on battlefield of Bull Run, 1.7302,
1.7303, 1.7364.
Monument on battlefield of Bull Run, 1.7532, 9.1103, 9.1194.
AKMT OF POTOMAC.
Attqubt, 1861, to Marco, 1862.
Headquarters of General McCloilan at Fairfax Court House, Va.,
(also used by Genera. Beauregard,) 1.7142, 9.299.
("■(imp of Tenth Massachusetts Infantry, 8.2421.
Signal tower near camp of Fourteenth New York Infantry, 9.2352.
Camp of Thirty-fifth Now York Infantry, 9.2422.
Camp of Beventy-flrat New York Infantry, S.2413, S.2415.
Camp of Thirty-first Pennsylvania Infantry, Queen's farm, near
Fort Slocum, Virginia,;*.:: M:i, S.'JU", S.2412.
Camp scenes in camp of Thirty-first Pennsylvania Infantry,
8.2405, S.2400.
Review of Height's brigade, B.2419, 8.2420.
Newspaper dealer in camp, C-1378.
Sunday services in camp of Sixty-ninth New York Infantry, 9.3713.
Professor Lowe's balloon, S.234;i, S.2350.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
March, 1862, to July, 1862.
Peninsula Campaign.
Battery No. 1, in front of Yorktown, 1.7094, S.361, 8.302, S.303
S.364, 8.305.
Battery No. 4, in front of Yorktown, 8.37:1, S.374, 8.375, S.376, 9.377,
8.378, 8.379, 8.380.
Naval battery in front of Yorktown 9.403.
Battery Magruder (confederate), Yorktown, S.23G0, S.2361, S.2362
Coniederate fortification?, Yorktown, 8.450, S.451. 8.462, S.453
8.458, S.lUitf, 8.2.(01, S.-aik',, S.'^r.'.. S.3''.T, S.23GS, S.2369.
8.2425. '
Confederate fortification o, Yorktown, with exploded gun, S.455
8.2370. 6 '
Ravine at Yorktown in which confederate magazines located,
Confederate water batlery at Gloucester Point, 8.454, S.457, S.460,
Yorktown Landing, S.2383,
Artillery park at Yorktown Landing, 8.2358.
Wagon park at Yorktown Landing, 8.2357.
Sally-port at Yorktown, 8.2371.
Street view in Yorktown, 8.2372.
Court-house, Yorktown. 3.2375, 3.2376.
Church, used as Second Corps hospital, Yorktown, 9.2374.
Baptist church and hospital of Third Division, Sixth Corps, York-
town, 8.2373.
Cornwaliis'a headquarters during Revolutionary war, 8.2336.
Headquarters of General Magruder (confederate), Yorktown, Va.,
8.449.
Cornwallis Cave, Yorktown, used by confederates for magazfne,
8.2379, 8.2380.
Captain Perkins's "Seeesh," horse captured at Cornwallis Cave,
Yorktown, 8.2381
Confederate winter quarters near Yorktown, 8.2377.
Camp scene In front of Yorktown— quarters of Dr. Grant and Dr.
Dwlght, of French's brigade, 8.2378.
Farnhold's house, near Yorktown, May, 1862, 8.360.
Moore's house, near Yorktown, 9.4G2.
Clark's house, near Yorktown— used as hospital, 9.371.
House used by General La Fayette during Revolutionary war as
Headquarters, 8.369, S.372.
Tabb's house, Yorktown, L.T-il }.
Camp Winfleld Scott, headquarters Army of Potomac,
in front of Yorktown, May, 1862 :
—views of camp, 8.350, 8.367, 8.368.
—Prince de Jolnvtlle, Due de Chartres, Comte de Paris, English
army officers, and officers of General McClellan's staff, 8.352,
S.353, 9.354.
—staff and foreign officers at General McClellan's headquarters,
S.429, S.355.
—Prince de Joinville, Due de Chartres, and Comte de Paris at
mess table, S.35G, S.358.
— group of staff officers at General McClellan's headquarters, S. 388.
—group of English officers at General McClellan's headquarters,
8.638.
— topographical engineers, 9.366.
—group at photographer's tent, 8.349.
—Captain Custer, U. S. A., and Lieutenant Washington, a confed-
erate prisoner. May, 1862, 9.428.
— orderlies and servants, 8.359, 9.444.
Camp at General Andrew Porter's headquarters in front of York-
town, May, 1862, S.370.
General Andrew Porter's staff, May, 1862, 8.389.
Generals Franklin, Slocum, Barry, and Newton, and staff officers.
May, 1862, S.381, 8.382.
Embarkation at Yorktown for White House Landing, 8.2363.
Encampment of Army of Potomac at Cumberland
Landing::
—view of eamp, 1.7697, 1.7598, 1.7519, 1.7648, 9.1180.
—views making panoramic view, S.1076, S.1186, S.1212, 8.1213.
8.1214. S.1219.
—views making panoramic view, S.1215, 8.1216, 9.1217, 9.1218.
—seven views making one panoramic view, 8.1220, S.1221, 9.1222,
S.1223, 8.1224, S.1225, S.1226.
Follor's house, Cumberland Landing, S.385.
Contrabands at Folier's house, Cumberland Landing, 8.383.
White House Landing, S.2485.
Conway Landing, 8.2490.
View of river below White House Landing, S.2489.
The White House, former residence of Mrs. Custis Washington
8.384.
Ruins of the White House, 9.2486.
Camp of Christian Commission, at White House Landing, S.2487.
Ruins of bridge across Pamunkey River, near White House
Landing, S.386.
Saint Peter's church, near White House, where General Washing-
ton was married, S.2302, S.2303.
Headquarters Army of Potomac, at Savage Station, June, 1862,
Field hospital, at Savage Station, after battle of June 27, 1862.
8.491.
Battlefield of Fair Oaks:
—house used as hospital for Hooker's division during the battle
8.478, S.479.
—house used as hospital, 8.480.
—house near which over four hundred soldiers were buried, 8.470.
— Sickles's brigade coming into line in distance, S.471.
— Quarle's house, S.474.
— earthworks at extreme front, S.472.
Fort Richardson, near Fair Oaks Station, June, 1862, 8.473,
Fort Sumner, near Fair Oaks Station, June, 1862, S.47C.
Camp Lincoln, near Fair Oaks, June, 1862, 8.430.
Battery,— Fir3t New York Artillery Battalion, near Fair Oaks,
June, 1862, 8.443, 8.640.
Robertson's Battery of Horse Artillery, Battery B, Second United
States Artillery .near Fair Oaks, June, 1862, 8.642, 8.439.
Benson's Battery of Horse Artillery, Battery M, Second United
States Artillery, near Fair Oaks, June, 1862, 8.433, 8.641.
Gibson's Battery of Horse Artillery, Battery C, Third United
States Artillery, near Fair Oaks, June, 1862, S.431.
Officers of Brigade of Horse Artillery, near Fair Oaks, June, 1862,
8.434, 8.639.
General Stoneman, General Naglee, and staff officers, near Fair
Oaks, June 1862, 8.436, 8.438, 8.445.
Gun captured by Butterfjeld's brigade, near Hanover Court House,
8.2353, 8.2354.
Mechanlcsville, Va., 8.909.
Elliston's Mill, battlefield of Mechanlcsville, 8.920.
Gaines's Mill, Va., 8.932.
Battlefield of Gaines's Mill, Va., unburied dead, 8.914, 8.916.
Engineer Corps making corduroy roads. June, 1862, 8.656.
Bridge acrosB Chlckahomlny River, built by Fifteenth New York
Engineers, 3.489.
Grape Vine Bridge acrosB Chick ah ominy River, L.7333.
Bridge across Chickahominy River, 8.930.
Bridge across Chickahominy River, Mechanicsrllle Road, 8.913.
Telegraph station, Wilcox's Landing, 8.2351.
Westover House, James River, 8.2334, S.2335.
Westover Landing, James River ,8.620.
Officers of Third and Fourth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Westover
Landing, 8.623, 8.629.
General W. W. Averell and staff, Westover Landing, S.635.
Headquarters of Signal Corps camp at Harrison's Landing, 8.621.
General Sedgwick, Colonel Sackett, and Lieutenant-Colonel
Colburn, Harrison's Landing, August, 1862, 9.653.
Group of officers that graduated In class of 1860, United States
Military Academy, Harrison's Landing, August, 1802, 8.624.
Major Myers, Lieutenant Stryker, and Lieutenant Norton, Harri-
son's Landing, August, 1662, 8.626.
Group of officers belonging to Irfsh brigade, Harrison's Landing,
July, 1862,8.627.
Lieutenants Jones, Bowen, and Custer, May, 1862, 8.387.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
July, 1862, to September, 1862.
Pope's Ca?npaign.
—confederate barracks, 1.7212, 8.331, S.332, 8.648, 8.1045.
—confederate fortifications, S.305, 8.334, 8.3*3, 8.1144, 8.1145.
— headquarters of (confederate) General Johnston, S.303.
Manassas, after its evacuation by confederate army lit
March, 1863;
— destruction of railroad, 1.7197.
—confederate fortifications, 1.7171, 8.323, S.543, 8.544, 8,545, 8.546.
Yellow hospital, Manassas, July, 1802 S.650.
Headquarters of General McDowell, near Manassas, July, 18G2,
9.646, S.647.
Our photographer, near Manassas, July, 1862, S.651.
Battlefield of Cedar Mountain:
—general views, S.500, S.506, 8.611.
— west view of the field, 8.504.
— dead horses, 8.510.
—house in which General Winder (confederate) was killed, S.501,
S.502.
— house used as confederate hospital, 8.507.
— Mrs. Hudson's house, 8.505.
—Slaughter's house, position of confederate battery, 8.508.
Federal battery fording a 'tributary of the Rappahannock River
on day of battle of Cedar Mountain, S.520.
Hazel River, S.521.
Culpeper, Va.:
—general views of town, 8.216, 8.527, S.530.
—court-house, S.523.
—railroad depot. S.528, S.529.
—street views, S.524, S.525, 8.526.
Troops building bridge across north fork of Rappahannock
River, near Fauquier Sulphur Springs, 8.512, S.613, 8.615.
Fugitive negroes fording Rappahannock River, escaping from
advance of confederate army, S.518, 8,519.
Fauquier Sulphur Springs hotel, 8.537, 8.542.
Rappahannock station, 9.522.
Rappahannock bridge, 9,514, 8.617.
Warrenton, Va.:
—street views, 9.532, S.534.
— court-house, S.533.
—railroad depot, 8.535, 8.536.
—church 9.736.
Catlett's Station, August, 1862, S.594.
Destruction of railroad rolling stock on Orange k Alexandria
Railroad, S.593.
Battlefield of Manassas :
—ruins of Mrs. Henry's house, 8.320.
— Thorburn's house, 9.317.
— Matthews's house, 8.318.
—Robinson's house, 8.319, 8.1176.
Bridge across Bull Run, built by Engineers of McDowell's corps,
' August, 1862, 8.547.
Picket post near Blackburn's Ford, Bull Run, 8.645.
Sudley Ford, Bull Run, 8.313, S.3I4.
Sudley church, 8.315, 8.316 8.1017, 8.1148.
Ruins of stone bridge, Bull Run, 1.7082, 8.310, 3.312.
Ruinaof bridge at Blackburn's Ford, Bull Run, 9.2338.
Bull Run.S.UU.
Cub Run, 8.307.
Stone church, Centreville, 9.302.
Mrs. Spinner's house, near Centreville, 8.303, 9.309.
Grigsby House (Stevens's house), near Centreville, 8.1103, 9.303,
Fairfax court-house, 8.298.
Monument on battlefield of Groveton, 1.7299, 8.1193.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
SEPTEMBER, 1862, TO NOVEMBER, 1862.
Antietam Campaign.
Battlefield at Antletam:
— view of part of the field on the day of the battle, 8.671.
— view on Antietam Creek, 8.597,
—signal station on Elk Mountain, 1.7270, 1.7563, 9.633.
—Antletam bridge, 8.1178, 9.1179.
— Antietam bridge, looking up stream, 1.7214, 3.678.
— Antietam bridge, looking down stream, L.7093, 9.609.
— Antietam bridge, southeastern view, 3.608.
— Antietam bridge, northeastern view, 8.607.
—Antietam bridge, eastern view, 8.583, S.61D, 9.614.
— Burnside bridge, looking up stream, 9.684.
— Burnside bridge, northeastern view, 9.61. r >.
—Burnside bridge, southeastern view, 9.600, 8.601.
—Burnside bridge, southwestern view, 3.613.
— Burnside bridge, northwestern view, S.612.
—Miller's house, 1.7019.
— Newcomer's mill, 8.582.
— Sherrick's house, 8.598.
— Rullet's house, 8,675.
— Ruins of Mamma's house, 9.574.
—Real's barn, 8.691.
— General Hooker's headquarters during the battle, 9.576.
— Dunker church, 8.573, 8.1196.
— bodies of dead confederate soldiers alongside the fence on
Hagerstown road, 8.559, 8.560, 8.566, 8.567.
—bodies of dead confederate soldiers near Sherrick's house,
8.554,8.555, 8.571.
—views on the field where Sumner's corps charged, 8,552, 3.562,
3.564, 3.568.
— views in the ditch on the right, showing many dead con-
federates, 3.653, 3.603, 8.5G5.
— bodies of dead confederate soldiers, 8.325, 3.326, 8.567.
—burying the dead, 8.651, 8.567, 8.561. 3.569.
—graves of federal soldiers at Burnside bridge, 8.585.
—a lone grave, 8.570.
— confederate wounded at Smith's barn after the battle; Dr. Hurd,
of Fourteenth Indiana, in attendance, 3.568, 8.589, 8.590,
3.592.
Presfdent Lincoln in General McClellan's tent at headquarters
Army of Potomac, October, 1862, 8.602.
General Marcy and other officers at headquarters Army of
Potomac, October, 1862, 3.603.
Blacksmith's forge and horse-shoers, at headquarters Army of
Potomac, Septem&er, 1862, 8.587.
Group at secret-service quarters, headquarters Army of Potomac,
October, 1862, 8.631.
Major Allen Pinkerton, at secret-service quarters, October, 1826,
3.616.
Sharpsburg, Md., September, 1862 8.595. 9.599.
Lutheran church, Sharp* burg, Md., September, 1862, 9.596.
Pontoon bridges and ruins of stone bridge across Potomac Rivor
at Berlin, October, 1862, 1.7437, 9.616.
Harper's Ferry, W. Va. :
—general views, 1.7443, L.7649, 3.654.
—Maryland Heights, L.7132, 1.7441, 8.1002.
—Loudoun Ilfights, 1.7D72.
—Maryland and, Loudoun Heights, 1.7133.
—Bolivar Heights, 1.7187.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
November, 1862, to Jpne, 1863.
Fredericksburg Campaign.
Generals of the Army of the Potomac, November 10, 1862, 1,7380.
General A. E. Burnside and staff, Warrenton, Va., November, 1862,
1.7186, 1.7379, 1.7382, 8.1049.
Acqula Creek landing;:
— distant views, S.673, 8.674, S.681.
—wharves, 1.7014, 1.7446, 1.7643, 3.682.
— quartermaster's office, 1.7108, S.176.
— commissary depot, 8.080.
—group at hospital, 1.7355.
— clerks at commissary depot, 1.7322, 1.7533.
— employees at quartermaster's wagon-camp, 1.7323.
— Lieut.-Col. Sawtelle, Captain Forsyth, Dr. Wright, Lient.-CoL
Porter, and others, at Acquia Creek Landing, 1.7320.
Phillips's house, near Falmouth, 8.077.
Lacey's house, near Falmouth, S.097, 8.698.
Fredericksburg :
—view taken from Tyler's battery, 8.676.
— panoramic view, 8.683, 8.1191.
—lower end of town, 8.179.
—housed, showing effect of shelling on December 13, 1862, B.716,
6.717,8.718,8.719,8.2611.
Barnard's house, below Fredericksburg, destroyed during battle,
Marye's' hou'ise, on Marye's Heights, jn rear of Fredericksburg,
rifle-pit* in front, 8.733,6.734. , ,, ,
A frame house on Marye's Heights, in rear of Fredericksburg,
showing effects of shot and shell, 8.736.
Embarkalton of Ninth Corps at Acquia Creek Landing, February,
18G3, 6.679.
Headquarters Army of Potomac i
—group of staff officers. 8.693, 8.096.
—Lieutenant-Colonel Dickinson and other officers, L-74CT.
—Dr. Letterman, medical director, and other officers, £.7366.
—clerks fa office of AssisUintAdjutant-General, 8.177.
— post-office, £.7314, £.7390.
tieneriir Alfred Vlcasonton and Captain Custer, near Falmouth,
Captains Moore, Russell, and Chandler, of General Hookers
staff, Falmouth, Va., April, 1863. £.7552
Major Whitney, Captain Harrison, and Captain Owen, Warrenton,
Va., November, 1862, £.7460.
Company "I" Sixth Pennsylvania (Bush's lancers), near ral-
mouih, June, 1863, £.7140.
Camp of One Hundred and Fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry,
March, 1863, 8.297. , , , , ,
Headquarters of Sixty-first New York Infantry, and group or
<Wern, near Falmouth, Va., April. 1863, £.7630, £.7631.
Balloon Camp, near Falmouth, Va., March, 1863, 6.678.
Ambulance train of Engineer Brigade, near Falmouth, April,
1803, £.7623, B.616.
ARMY OP POTOMAC.
Jtjhb and July, 1863.
Qettysburg Campaign.
Headquarters Army of Potomac, near Fairfax Court House, June,
1863, £.7607.
Commissary tent, and CapL Howard and group, at headquarters
Army of Potomac, near Fairfax Court House, June, 1863,
£.7438, £.7649.
Emmettsburg', Md. :
—view of the town, 8.272.
—Farmer's Hotel, 6.228.
—Mount Baint Mary's College, £.7234, £.7357, 8.269, S.270.
—Saint Joseph's Academy, £.7473, £.7595, 8.271.
Gettysburg, Pa. :
—view of town from Culp's Hill, £.7360.
— view of town from the cemetery, S.273.
—college, £.7596.
—seminary, 8.2393.
— office of Sanitary Commission, S.238.
—entrance to National Cemetery, July, 1865, £.7248, £.7489.
— fiedication of monument, S.1159, 8.1160.
—White's house, near Gettysburg, £.7465.
Battlefield or Gettysburg :
— General Meade's headquarters, 8.259, 8.1167.
—General E. E. Lee's (confederate) headquarters, 8.2394, 8.2395.
—scene at Trossel's bam, where Ninth Massachusetts Battery
was cut up, showing dead horses, 8.266.
—scene at Trossel's house, near center of battlefield, 8.248.
—bodies of dead confederate sharpshooters among the rocks in
front of Little Round Top, £.7096, S.229, 6.237, 6.244, 8.251,
8.258, 8.263.
—body of confederate soldier disemboweled by a shell, £.7258,
S.274.
— a shattered caisson, and dead horses, 8.226.
—bodies of confederate soldiers killed by fire of federal batteries
on Round Top, 8.236.
— bodies of dead in the "wheat field," near Emmetlsburg road
—scene of fighting on second day, S.227, 8.239, 8.256, S.257,
S.260, S.268.
— bodies of dead confederate soldiers of South Carolina Regiment
on the left of their line, 8.240, 8.260.
—bodies of dead confederate soldiers who were killed in fight on
first day, collected for burial, 8.233, 8.235, S.246, S.246.
—bodies of dead in the woods in front of Little Round Top, S.249,
8.252, S.253.
— views in the "slaughter pen" showing dead confederates at
foot of Little Round Top, 8.262, S.265, S.267.
—views of temporary intrenchments of federal troops on Little
Round Top, 8.230, S.231, S.241, 8.247, 6.255, 8.261, S.264.
—views Of Little Round Top, £.7318, £.7319, £.7491, £.7493.
— bodies of dead federal soldiers on the field where General
Reynolds was killed, 6.234, 8,243.
Battlefield of Gettysburg, — Continued:
—bodies of dead federal soldiers in lront of Seminary Ridge,
S.242.
—Little Round Top, 6.2400.
—woods on federal left, showing wounded trees, or how the
bullets flew, 8.2386, 8.2391.
—breastworks on federal left, 8.2387.
—old cemetery gate, 8.2388, 8.2389. , M
John L. Burns, the "hero of Gettysburg," recovering from his
wounds, 8.2401, 8.2402.
John L. Burna'B cottage, 6.2403.
ARMY OP POTOMAC.
AuGueT, 1863, to December, 1868.
Qettysburg to Mine Run.
Destruction of Orange &. Alexandria Railroad by the confederates
on their retreat from Manassas in October, 1863, 8.173,
Rebuilding bridge on Orange k Alexandria Railroad, across Cedar
Run, near Catlett's Station, 8.343.
Generals of the Army of the Potomac, Culpeper, Va., September,
1863, £.7329.
Headquarters Army of Potomac, Bealeton, Va. :
—General Patrick's quarters near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863,
£.7120,
—sutler's tent, £.7216.
—Colonel Sharpe and officers of secret service, S.213.
—military telegraph operators, £.7311, £.7312, £.7358.
—officers of Signal Corps, £.7374.
—Captain Pierce, Captain Page, Captain Howell, Lieutenant Kelly,
£.7332, £.7333, £.7375.
—wagons and horses of quartermaster's repair shops, 8.276,
£.7328.
—Captain Kimball's tent, S.216.
"John Henry" at Headquarters Third Army Corps, staff officers,
£.7339.
Dr. Murray's house, near Auburn, Va., £.7081, S.224.
General Pleasonton's headquarters, near Auburn, Va., S.275.
Battery A, Fourth United States Artillery, Culpeper, Va., Septem-
ber, 1863, £.7334.
Headquarters of Battery, — United States Artillery, Culpeper,
Va., September, 1863, £.7341, £.7342.
Officers of Eightieth New York Infantry (Twentieth N. Y. 8. M.),
Culpe_per, Va., September, 1863, £.7071, £.7373.
Camp of Ninety-third New York Infantry, near Bealeton, Va.,
August, 1863, 8.212, 8.219.
Officers of Ninety-third New York Infantry, near Bealeton, Va.,
August, 1863, £.7515.
Officers of regimental staff of Ninety-third New York Infantry,
near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863, £.7011, S.284.
Commissioned officers' mess, Company D, Ninety-third New
York Infantry, near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863, S.2I8.
Non-commissioned officers' mess. Company D, Ninety-third New
York Infantry, near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863, 8.217.
Commissioned officers' mess. Company E, Ninety-third New York
Infantry, near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863, S.225.
Commissioned officers' mess, Company F. Ninety-third New York
Infantry, near Bealeton, Va., August, 1863. 6.220.
Camp in the woods, near Culpeper, Va., November, 1863, 8.223.
General Custer and General Pleaaonton, Warrenton, Va., October,
1863, £.7371.
General Mott, General Ward, Colonels Austin, Brewster, and
Farnum, October, 1863, £.7079, 8.280.
LieutenanKDolonel Wood and other officers, Culpeper, Va., No-
vember, 1863, S.222.
Officers of Horse Artillery Brigade, Culpeper, Va., September,
1863, £.7076, £.7078, £.7083, £.7607.
Surgeons of Second Division, Third Corps, Culpeper, Va., Septem-
ber, 1863, £.7378
Catlett's Station, 8.594.
Rappahannock Station, 8.522.
RuinB of hotel at Fauquier Sulphur Springs, £.7092, 8.293,
S.1161.
Residence of John Minor Bolts, £.7123, £.7124, £.7125, S.286,
8.287.
Warrenton, Va.:
—street views, S.632, S.534.
— court-house, 8.533.
—railroad depot, S.535, 8,536.
—church, 8.736.
Culpeper, Va. :
—general views of town, 8.216, S.527, S.530.
— courtrhouBe, 8.523.
—railroad depot, 8.528, 8.529.
—street views, S.524, 6.526, 8.526.
— Wallack'B house, £.7080.
Headquarters of New York Herald in the field, near Bealeton,
Va., August, 1863, £.7235, £.7237, 6,294.
Newsboy in camp, 8.617.
Headquarters of Christian Commission, Germantown, Va., Au-
gust, 1863, £.7471.
Gimlet, a noted war-horse on the Rappahannock, S.643.
Contrabands at leisure, 8.221.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
December, 1863, to Mat, 1864.
Winter Quarters at Brandy Station and Vicinity.
View near Brandy Station, L.7824.
Headquarters Army of Potomac, April, 1864 :
—eastern half of camp, £.7337, £.7495, S.130, 8.131.
—western half of camp, 8.130, £.7327.
—quarters of chief commissary, £.7325, £.7352.
—officers' winter quarters, £.7126, £.7161, £.7163.
—quarters of chief quartermaster (General Ingalls), £.7621.
—army post-office, £.7587.
— provost-marshal's office, £.7269.
— General Patrick's quarters, 8.125.
—Colonel Sharpe's quarters, S.124. 8.129.
—Captain Harry Clinton's quarters, £.7326, £.7600, 8.128.
— commissary department, S.123.
—camp of Military Telegraph Corps, £.7353, S.126.
— quarters of scouts and guides, S.127.
— quartermaster's repair shops, 8.136.
Headquarters of General D. B. Birney, £.7628.
Headquarters of General J. H. H. Ward, £.7626, £.7627.
Headquarters of First Brigade Horse Artillery, £.7167, £.7590,
£.7634, £.7637.
Headquarters Third Army Corps :
— qnarterB of Colonel Howard, chief quartermaster, £.7277.
—quarters of Captain Bates, 8.133, S.137.
A regimental winter headquarters, £.7309.
Headquarters Fifth Army Corps, officers' quarters, £.7168.
Headquarters Third Division, Cavalry Corps, £.7638.
Sutlers tent, First Brigade Horse Artillery, £.7164, £.7165, £.7496.
Field hospital of First Division, Second CorpB, £.7301.
Field hospital of Second Division, Second Corps, £.7305, £.7306.
Field hospital of Third Division, Second Corps, £.7146, £.7632.
Mail-wagon of Second Army Corps, £.7303.
Camp of United States Engineer Battalion, March, 1861 :
—general views of camp, £.7310, £.7433, £.7560.
—headquarters, £.7097.
— officers' quarters, £.7109.
—quarters of Co. D, £.7005.
Camp of Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, £.7660.
Camp of One Hundred and Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry,
£.7308, £.7612. , „ ,
Guard mounting of One Hundred and Fourteenth Pennsylvania
Infantry, £.7613, 8.134, 8.136.
Camp of Sixth New York Artillery, £.7265.
Camp of Fiftieth New Vork Engineers, near Kappa-
hannock Station, March, 1864,— Winter Camp:
—winter camp, general view, £.7461, £.7275, £.7276, 8.138.
— stockade entrance, £.7361.
—sutler's hut, £.7290.
—quarters of field and staff, £.7293, £.7604, £.7608.
— quarters of line officers, £.7614.
General Meade, General Sedgwick, and staff officers, at head-
quarters Horse Artillery Brigade, £.7518, 8.1228.
Major William Riddle and group, at headquarters Army of Poto-
mac, 8.139. , ,
General Rufus Ingalls and other officers, at headquarters Army of
Potomac, £.7497, £.7610.
A dinner party at headquarters Army or Potomac, 8.132, S.140.
General Judson Kilpatrlck and staff, Stevensburg, Va., £.7224,
£.7616.
Captain J. M. Robertson and staff, First Brigade Horse Artillery,
£.7655, £.7589
ProvostrmarshalB of Third Corps, £.7088, £.7402.
Colonel Sharpe and officers of Secret Service Department, head-
quarters Army of Potomac, £.7202.
Scouts and guides of Army of Potomac, £.7105, £.7294, £.7599.
Clerks at headquarters Army of Potomac, £.7184.
Clerks In provost-marshal's office at headquarters Army of Poto-
mac, £.7130, £.7291.
Canvas pontoon wagon, £.7128, £.7272.
Canvas pontoon boat, £.7273.
Pontoon wagon and boat (side view), £.7160, £.7181.
Pontoon boat (front view), £.7074, £.7684.
Pontoon boat (rear view), £,7585, £.7586.
Ordnance train of Third Division, Cavalry Corps, £.7640.
Military Telegraph Construction Corps, £.7111
Wagon park, near Brandy Station, £.7268.
ARMY OP POTOMAC.
Mat, 1864, to June, 1864.
Wilderness Campaign.
Belle Plain Landing, Potomac River :
—general view, S.708.
of Second Ne
tiltery, 8.709, 8.710.
camp of Second New York Artillery and First Massachusetts
Art!
Belle Plain Landing, Potomac IUver,— Continued!
—distant Views, 8.2476, S.2477.
—pontoon wharves, 8.705, S.707, 8.2480, 8.2482, 8.2483.
— quartermaster's camp, 8.704.
— camp of Sanitary Commission, S.2484.
—Sanitary Commission wagons, 6.2478.
Headquarters of Sanitary Commission at Fredericksburg, Va.,
May, 1864, S.737.
Store-rooms of Sanitary Commission at Fredericksburg, Va.,
May, 1864, 8.739.
Cooking-tents of Sanitary Commission at Fredericksburg, Va.,
May, 1864, 8.742.
Officers and nurses of Sanitary Commission at Fredericksburg,
Va., May, 1864, 8.741.
Wounded soldiers from the Wilderness of Fredericksburg, Va.,
May, 1864, 8.740, 8.2507.
Burial of dead at Fredericksburg, Va., May, 1864, 8.2506, 8.2508,
8.2609.
Soldiers filling their water-cart, Fredericksburg, Va., May, 1864,
6.2604, 8.2505.
Soldiers drawing water, Fredericksburg, Va.. May, 1864, S.2612.
Views of Fredericksburg, from north bank of Rappahannock
River, S.178, 8.683.
Court-house, Fredericksburg, Va., 8.713.
Wagon-trainB crossing Rappahannock River on pontoon bridge,
below Fredericksburg, 8.716.
Battery-wagon ol military telegraph corps, 8.786.
Evacuation of Port Royal, Rappahannock River, May 30, 1864,
8.2491, S.2492.
Ruins of bridge at Germania Mills, Rapidan River, May, 1864,
S.70O.
TroopB crossing pontoon bridges over Rapidan River, at Ger-
mania Mills, May, 1864, 8.701, 8.702.
Massaponax church, May 21, 1864, 8.729.
Council of war, at Massaponax church. May 21, 1804, General
Grant leaning over General Monde's shoulder, examining
map, S.732, 8.730, 8.731.
Confederate prisoners captured from Johnson's division of
Ewell'B corps, May 12, encamped at Belle Plain awaiting
transportation, 8.703.
Beverly's house, near Spottsylvanla court-house, used as head-
quarters by General Warren, May, 1864, 8.728.
View from Beverly's house, looking toward Spottsylvanla court-
house, May, 1864, S.727.
Allsop's house, near Spottsylvania court-houBe, point of Ewell s
attack on the federal right on May 19, (bringing in the
wounded,) 8.721.
Confederate dead of Ewell'B Corps on the field near Allsop's house
after Ewell'B attack on May 19, 8.723, 8.726, 8.726.
First Massachusetts Artillery burying the dead at Mrs. Allsop's
house after Ewell's attack of May 19, 8.722, 8.724.
CanvaB pontoon bridge across North Anna River at
Jericho mills ; point at which Fifth Corps orossed.
May. 1864 i
—views from north bank, 8.745, 8.746, 8.747.
—views from south bank, S.748, 8.760.
— Fifth Corps ammunition train crossing, 8.761.
Fiftieth New York engineers constructing road on south bank of
North Anna River at Jericho Mills, May, 1864, £.7304, 8.749,
S.1079.
CheBterfield bridge, North Anna River, May, 1864. 8.752, 8.763.
Confederate fortifications at Chesterfield bridge, North Anna
River, captured by Second Corps, May, 1804, 8.755, 8.756.
Destroyed railroad bridge across North Anna River, May, 1864,
8.762.
Quarle's Mill, North Anna River, May, 1864, 8.757, 8.758, 8.761.
Log bridge across North Anna River at Qunrle'a mill, where
portion of Fifth Corps crossed and carried enemy's line of
works on crest of hill, May, 1864, 8.769, 8.760.
Pontoon bridges over North Anna River, on which portion of
Second Corps crossed, May, 1864, 8.763, 8.764, 8.766.
Bethel church, headquarters of General Burnside, May, 1864,
8.744.
Canvas pontoon bridges over the Pamunkey River at Hanover-
town Ferry, May, 1864, £.7396, 8.766, 8.767.
Pontoon bridge over the Pamunkey River at Mrs. Nelson's cross-
ing. May, 1864, 8.768.
Ruins of bridge over Pamunkey River at Mrs. Nelson's crossing,
May, 1864, 8.769.
Old Church hotel, near Cold Harbor, June, 1864, 8.770.
Burnett's house, near Cold Harbor, June, 1804, S.771.
Camp in the woods at Cold Harbor, June, 1864, 8.772.
Part of battlefield of Cold Harbor, 8.1173. .„,.,-*.
Collecting remains of the dead on battlefield of Cold Harbor,
months after the battle, for permanent burial, 8.918.
Photographer's camp at Cold Harbor, 8.2447.
Charles City, Va., June, 1864:
—views of courthouse, June, 1864, S.773, 8.774, 8.776, 8.776, 8.777,
6.778.
—view of jail, June, 1804, 8.779.
—ruins of town, June, 1864, 8.780.
Marshes on north bank of James River, at point at which Army
of Potomac crossed, June, 1804, 8.960.
Pontoon bridge over James River, on which Army of Potomac
crossed, June, 1804, £.748*. S.781, S.24C5.
ARMY OF POTOMAC.
Junk, 1864, to April, 1866.
Six different
6.700, B.I
Seventeen dil
8.794, 3.
S. ■'!.:>. S
View on doekt
Ii.7fl64, 1
Siege of Petersburg.
on James River at City Point, S.793, 8.798,
[" vT.'iv-" ( m' the docks (it City Point, 1.7044,
1.7'if. S,Tt7, S.812, S.Hi;s, S.'Jt.'.t'., 8,2457, 8.2458,
s.jim, s.2l5o, s.-iir.-i.s.a-tr.'., 8.:i:j:s2.
iiv l'riint lifter explosion of ordnance bargee,
Kali road depot, City Point, 8.2461.
i;! ,,,ral hos pii.d, I ity Point. 1.7134, L.73M, 1.7604.
HOBpltftl landing and nndi-nl supply boat Planter, on Appomattox
River, near City Point, L.7D60, 8.1088.
Group of stuff oflicers nt General Grant's headquarters, 3.3*01,
8.3102.
Stablu ut General Grant's headquarters, 1.7004.
Cuttle corral near <litv Point, K.2462, S.'-MC:!.
Gonerals of the Army of I'olomac, 1.7HHI, 1.7252.
Non-commisniotied offloerfl of General Grant's cavalry escort,
City Point, March, lHitr,, 1.7445.
Group ofprovost-giiard at headquarters Army o( Potomac, re-b-
ruary, 1865,1.7251. , , . ,
Camp of Third Pennsylvania Cavalry nt headquarters Army ot
poteiiiao. February, 1*65, 1.72UB.
Camp of OnoidQ Cavalry at headquarters Army of Potomac, I<eo-
ruary, 1806, 1.7112. l l , . ,
Camp of military telegraph operators nt headquarters Army of
Potomac, August, 1B04, 8.282.
Group of officers at headquarters Army of Potomac, August, 18Q4,
1.7135,1.7136. , „ .
Capt. II. P. Clinton nnd Gierke, at lieadquarters Army of Potomac,
August, 1804, L.7620, 1.7637.
Military telegraph operators at headquarters Army of Potonme,
August, lsiil, 1.7478,8.102::, S.tu2.\ S.Kuo, S. Hi:i2, S.1033,
Assistant engineers and draughtsmen al lieadquarters Army of
Potomac, November, 1861, 1.7NI6, 1.7107,1.7110.
Officers or First Ma^suehnselts Cavalry at headquarters Army of
■ Potomac, August, isoi, 1.7390, 1.7490,
Officers ami non-commissioned officers of First Massachusetts
Cavalry at headquarters Army of Potomac, August, 1864,
1.7354, fc.7301.
Company C, First Massachusetts Cavalry, at headquarters Army
of Potomac, August, 1804, L.7296.
Company D, First Massachusetts Cavalry, at headquarters Army
or Potomac, August, isr.i, 1.7392,1.7476.
Detachment ol Third Indiana Cavalry at headquarters Army of
Potomac, November, 1864, 1.7023, 1.7068.
Oue Hundred nnd Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry
provost- guard at hciulquartera Army of Potonuic,
August, 1804:
— offlcors, Ii.7137, 1.7138, L.7310. 1.7602.
—Officers of Company -. L.7144, 1.7146, 1.7173.
—Company F, 1.7WI1, 1.703B, 1.7143, 1.7175, 1.74-17.
—Company G, 1.71:i\ 1.731s.
—Company H, 1.7077, 1.7262, 1.726.1.
United States Engineer Battalion, August, 1864:
—Company A, 1.7062, 1.7384, 1.7380.
—Company 0, 1.7240, 1.76158.
—Company D. 1.7064, 1.7548.
— Essnyon's 1 rramatie < 'lub, 1.7330, 1.7439.
—Battalion headquarters, 1.7006.
Camp of Fiftieth New York Engineers, November, 1864 :
— colonel's quarters. Colonel Spaulding at the door, 1.7069, S.1047.
—headquarters, 1.7107, 8.1028, S.10-I8.
— surgeon's quarters, 1.7233.
—officers' quartere and church, 1.7210, 1.7213, 8.314, S.3338.
—church, 1.7151, 8.315, S.:m.i, 8.3340.
— commissary department, 1.7O0O.
Officers of Ilio Fiftieth New York Engineers celebrating the 4th
of July, 1804, 8.700, 3.791.
Camp of Thirteenth New York Artillery, S.2495, S.2490.
Sutler's tent, Second DivlBlon, Ninth Corps, S.2448.
Winter headquarters of Sixth Armv Corps, February, 1S65, 1.7546.
Headquarters of General 0. 13. Wilfeox, August, 1804,1.7222.
Winter quarters of photographers attached to United States
Engineer Battalion. March, 1865, 1.7347.
Winter camp of Second Wisconsin Infantry, February, 1805,
1.7543.
Camp of chief ambulance officer of Ninth Corps. August, 1864,
1.7538, 1.7667,8.818.
A summer cnmp in the woods, August, 1804, 1.7152, 1.7154, S.1037.
Execution of Johnson (a colored soldier) for attempted rape,
June, 1804, 8.783.
Troops drawn up to witness execution of a deserter, August. 1864,
8.083.
Commissiiry depot at Cedar Level, August 1864, S.Blfi, 1.7182,
1.7045.
Surgeons of First Division, Ninth Corps, October, 1804, 1.7448.
Surgeons of Second Division, Ninth Corps, October, 1804, 1.7567,
1.7676.
Hospital stewards of Second Division, Ninth Corps, October, ISM,
1.7290 1.7571.
Surgeons of Third Division, Ninth Corps, August, 1804. 1.70-12,
1.7003.
Surgeons of Fourth Division, Ninth Corps, August, 1864, 1.7045,
1.7046.
Chaplains of Ninth Corps. October, UM, 1.7o49.
Employees of quartermaster of First Division, Ninth Corps,
forage department, November, 1864, 1.7669.
Employees of quartermaster of First Division, Ninth Corps,
mechanics, November, 1864 1.7048.
Surgeon Brinton and others, October, 1864, 1.7564.
Outer lino of confederate fortifications captured by
Eighteenth Corps on .Tune 15, 1864:
—redoubt near Dunn's house, S.784, 8.785, 8.1027.
— redoubt and curtain, S.U37.
-interior view, with Cowan's 1st New York battery in occupation,
Confederate' camp captured by Eighteenth Corps, June 16, 1864,
The " Dictator "—13-inch mortar, August, 1864, 1.7394, 1,7463,
Bailroa'd battery, S.U71, S.1246.
Bomb-proof soldiers' restaurant on the lines, S.1051.
General view from the signal tower, L.703I
Bomb-proof quarters in federal rami'- &."*. S.&01, S.B02, b.STO,
8.804 8.806, 8.806, S.808, S.809, S.810, 8.950, 8.1053, 8.1006,
S.1073, S.3336, S.3337.
Fort Sedgwick ("Fort Hell"):
—interior views, showing bomb-proof quarters of garrison, 1.75:14,
8.1084, S.imci, S.109I, S.lojr., S.3334, 8.3335.
—officer's bomb-proof quarters in Fort s^dgwirk. h.1085.
—interior view of the fort, looking south from us center, 1.7633.
View of federal line, looking from right of Fort Sedgwick to the
FortStea'dman, interior view, S.1086, S.3341, 8.3342, S.3343.
Crow's Nest battery and lookout, S.2494
Confederate fortifications at Grade's salient, 1,7018, S.1059, 8.1060,
Fort McGi'lvery, confederate fortifications, 8.1050, S.1052, 8.1054,
S.1057, S.1058, S.Kii.3, S.ioi,!, S.KMili, S.1007, S.10G8, S.1009,
8.1071, S.1072, S.1074, S.1075, 8.1091.
Fortifications on the lines, not known whether federal or con-
federate, S.35, 8.950, 8.1055, S.loi.2, 8.1070, 8.1090, S.1097,
'■nieh Bridge," across Appomattox River, Southside Railroad.
1.7162. 1.7179, 1.72MI, 1.7287, S.1013, S.1184.
McLean's house, scene of General Lee's surrender,1.7191,l.i292,
S.1210.
Appomattox court-house, 1.7109, 1.7180, 1.7193, 8.1164.
First wagon-train entering Petersburg, 1.7172, 8.961.
Petersburg, Vs.:
—view of gas works, showing effect of bombardment, S.1021,
—view of pTaning-mills, showing effect of bombardment, 8.1104.
— Blandford church, 1.72C9, 8.1089, S.1090.
—street views, 8.952, 8.969, 1.7444.
—female seminary, 1.7315.
— Michler's cottage, 1.7485.
—Brant's house, 1.7622.
— Appomattox River above city, S.1092.
-Johnson's mill, 1.7207, 8.1102, S.1103.
—merchant's mill, 1.7113.
—cotton mills, S.10S1, S.10S2, S.10S3, S.10S7. 8.108?, S.1098, S.1100,
S.1101, 8.1105, 8.1106, 6.1107, S.1108, S.1110, S.1112, S.1113,
S.1114.
ARMY OF THE JAMES.
Bermuda Hundred Landing— distant view, taken from City Point,
8.2451.
Signal tower on left of Bermuda Hundred lines, near Appomattox
River, 1.7000, S.10ir>, 8.2500, S.2501, 8.2602.
Army bridge across James River, near Varina Lauding, 1.7174,
S.953, S.964.
Varina Landing, James River, S.10, 8.057.
Aiken's house, near Varina Landing, James River, S.2464.
Signal station on James River, S.2503.
Transports and monitors in James River, near Deep Bottom,
8.2466.
Dutch Gap Canal. 1.7482, 8.956, S.950, 8.1121, S.1122.
Federal obstructions in Trent's Reach, James River, S.2475.
Confederate gunboat sunk in James River, above Dutch Gap
Canal, S.1124.
Views on James River between Dutch Gap Canal and Drewry's
Bluff, 8.22, S.23, S.1128, S.1133.
Confederate obstructions in James River, near Drewry's Bluff,
8.1110, S.1117, S.3350, S.3351.
Fort Darling (confederate), Drewry's Bluff, James River:
— extt-rior views- 8.1118, 8.1119, S.1123, 8.1126, 8.3347.
—interior views, S.55. 8.50, 8.1138, 8.3344, 8,3345, S.334G, 8.3352,
Confederate water battery. Fort Darling, Drewry's Bluff, James
River, S.1120, S.3348, 8.3349.
Confederate battery at Howlett House, Trent's Reach,
James River:
—general views, S.13, S.14.
I —traverse and gun, S.15, S.17, S.18, S.19, S.20, S.21.
Confederate battery on James River, above Dutch Gap, S.24, S.25,
S.26, S.27, S.Js, S.32, 8.34, 8.3',, 8.3", S.:i'i, 8.41, 8.42, S.43, S.44,
S.45, S.40, 8.47, 8.4s, S.4;i, 8.50, 8.51,8.52,8.5:1. S.54, S.58.
Fort Brady, interior view, S.2316.
Fort Brady, building winter quarters, S.2315.
Fortifications on the lines to the right of Fort Brady, S.2314.
Fort Burnham, previously confederate Fort Harrison, S.2498.
Headquarters Tenth Army Corps, General Alfred Terry, 3,2443.
Headquarters Second Division, Tenth Corps, General Birney,
8.2446.
Headquarters Eighteenth Corps, General Godfrey Weitzel, S.2445.
Headquarters of General Adelbert Ames, S.2347.
General R. 8. Foster's Headquarters, near Fort Brady, S.2317.
Camp of Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, S.2497.
Interior of Surgeon McKay's quarters, 8.1024.
Surgeon McKay and others, Army of the James, 1.7442.
Surgeons of Tenth Army Corps, 1.7194.
Contrabands on Aiken's farm, S.2497.
CITY OF RICHMOND, VA.
In April, 1865.
General views of the city, 1.7026, 1.7110, 1.7159, 1.7623, 8.875,
8 3621 8 3622
Panoramic view of' the city, S.881, S.S82, 8.3619, S.3620.
Views in the "burnt district," 8.850, 8.S.V7, S.S58, S.8B4, 8.872,
S.9D0, 8.901, S.'jirj, S.fiiH. 8.904, 8.905, S.900, 8.942, 8.943, S.944,
S.945, S.946, S.3355, S.3356.
Ruins of Mavo's bridge, 1.7*74. S.S74, S.1181.
Ruins of Richmond & Danville Railroad bridge, 1.7546, S.853,
8.869.
Ruins of Richmond & Petersburg Railroad bridge, S.840, 8.870,
S.885, S.3301.
Ruins of paper mill, S.8l>7.
Ruins of arsenal, 1.7501, S.848, 8.801, S.803, S.879, S.887, S aaa
S.8S9, S.907.
Ruins of State armory, 1.7030, S.865.
Ruins of State armory, and view down James River, 1.7111,
1.7236, S.883, S.884.
Ruins of Gnllego flour-mills, 1.7031, 1.7176, 1.7177, S.854, S.
S.908, S.939.
Haxall A Crenshaw flour-mills, S.852, S.880.
Ruins of Exchange Bank, S.3357
Ruins of Southern Express office, S.3354.
Ti'L-df-Liar iron-works, 1.7512, S.h47, S.si.j, S.3358.
Views on canal basin, 1.7033, 8.940, S.947.
Views on the canal, 1.7617, S.941, S.868, S.940,
Libbv Prison, 1.7557, S.*7ii, S.895, S.3.1>;t, 8.3365.
Kerr's tobacco factory, storehouse lor federal supplies for prison-
ers, S.894.
Caslk Thunder, 1.70b'., S.s.vj. S.W7, S.:;:;u2. 8.:.',;;03, S.3617.
Views on Belle Isle, S.871, S.876, S.891.
Pontoon bridge across James River, 8.1011, S.3372, S.3373.
View of James River from Hollywood Cemetery, S.929.
Views of James River during freshet, S.877, S.878.
State capital, 8.3359, S.3360.
Governor's mansion, S.3378.
General Washington's headquarters, S.935.
Residence of Jefferson Davis, President of Confederate States,
S.911, S.3376. „ ,
Residence of Alexander H. Stephens, Vice-President of Confed-
erate States, S.D12.
Residence of General Robert E. Lee, 1.7087, 9.926, 8.3375.
Washington Monument, 1.7028, S.855, S.919.
Henry Clav Monument, S.3383.
Monumental Church, S.928, S.3369.
First African Church, S.3368.
Saint Paul's Church, S.937.
Saint John's Church, S.3366, S.3367.
Ballard House, S.921.
Bpotswood House, S.938.
City Hall, S.850, S.923.
City almshouse, 8.860.
Street views, S.866, S.926, S.927, S.936.
Hollywood Cemetery:
—graves of confederate soldiers, S.931, 8.1020.
—tomb of President Monroe, 1.7372, 8.910, 8.3379.
—grave of General J. E. B. Stuart, 8.3018. _ m
Wagon-train of military telegraph corps, June, 1865,1.7183,1.7239.
Operators of military telegraph, June. 1865, 1.7481.
New York newspaper correspondents' row, 9.3370.
Headquarters 01 Christian Commission, 3.3371.
ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE.
Chickasaw Bayou, Mississippi, 8.394.
Battlefield of Chickasaw Bluffs, Mississippi, 9.395.
Poison spring on battlefield of Chickasaw Bluffs, Mississippi,
9.396,3.922.
Big Black River Station, Mississippi, 3.392.
battlefield of Big Black River, Mississippi, 3.1056.
POET ROYAL EXPEDITION.
Fort Beauregard, Bay Point, Saint Helena Island, S. C, Novem-
ber, 1861, S.203, 8.204, 8.205.
Fort Wallace (or Walker), Hilton Head, S. C, November, 1861,
S.207.
Siege train, Hilton Head, S. C ., November, ls.01, S.10G.
i-iraves of snilors at Hilton Head, killed during bombardment of
forts, S.187.
Coosaw Ferry, Port Royal Island, S. C. B.183, S.201.
Mock luUtorv fit Seal. rook l'oint, Fort Royal Island, 8. C, built by
Seventy-ninth Now York infantry, B.I 01.
Natural arch at Seahrook Point. Port Royal, S. C, S.202.
Huildiiig pontoon bridge n-.-nr Beaufort, S. t.'., March, lS*i2, 8.157.
Officers' mess, nt Beaufort, 8. C, February, 1802, 8.208.
Fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry, Beaufort, S. 0., February, 1862,
General 1. 1. Stevens, Beaufort, S. C, Mnrch, 1862, S.1183, 9.164.
General I. I. Stevens and staff, Beaufort, S. C, March, 1882. 9.163.
Signal station at Beaufort, 8, C, formerly residence of J. G. Barn-
well, February, 18r.2S.172.
Fuller's house, Beaufort, S. ('., February, 1802. 8.102, 8.168.
Rhett's house, Beaufort, S. C. February, IS02, 9.155.
Boat lauding, Beaufort, S. 0., Fohrnarv, I.-.02, 8.171.
Old tomb on Rhetl's plantation, Port Royal Island, S. C, S.168.
Smith's plantation, Port Royal Island, S. C, 3.151, S.152, 8.154.
Preparing cotton for th<> gin, 8.159.
Mill's plantation, Port Royal Island, S. C, S.169, S.211, 8.1177.
Dock at Hilton Head, built by soldiers, April, 1802, S.170.
Hcadquartera of General Hunter nt Hilton Head, April, 18G2,
3.209.
Army bakery, Hilton Head, April, 1862, 9.210.
SIEGE OF FORT PULASKI.
Exterior view of front after bombardment, April, 1802, 9,188.
Exterior view of real-, April, 1802, 8.189.
Exterior view of side, April, 1802, S.193.
Distant view of breaeh, April, 1862, 8.190.
(.'lose view of breaeh, April, 1802, S.192.
Interior view of breach, April, 1862, 8.191.
Interior view of rear parapet, April, l&r,-j, S.194.
Interior view of front parapet, April, 1802, 8,198.
A dismounted inortar, April, 1862, S.190.
The "Jeff Davis" gun, April, 1862,8.196.
The " Beauregard " gun, April, 1862, 8.197.
Interior view of parapet with guns ".loll' Davis," "Beauregard,'
and "Stephens" in position, April, 1862, 9.200.
FORT FISHER EXPEDITION.
Fleet of Fort Fisher Expedition in Hampton Roads, December,
1864, 1.7432, S.836.
Admiral Porter's flagship Malvern, Norfolk, Va., December, 1864,
1.7147.
Admiral Porter and staff on board flag-hip Malvern, Norfolk, Va.,
December, 1864, 1.7227, 1.7244, 1.7641.
Fort Fislier:
—panoramic view of land face (part 1), 1.7297, (part 2) 1.7480,
1.7168, (part 3) 1.7170, (part 4) 1.7212.
—views on land face, 1.7149, 1.7572, 1.7635.
— first six traverses on sea face, 1.7335.
—sixth to eleventh traverse on sea face, 1.7577.
—from tenth traverse to end on sea face, 1.7673.
—interior view of first traverse, northwest end, showing entrance
to fort, 1.7196.
— interior view of first three traverses on land front, 1.7440,
3.1229.
— interior view of a traverse on land front, 1.7050, 8.1236.
— interior view at southeast end, showing site of main magazine,
1.7057.
— interior view of first six traverses on sea face, 1.7101.
— ten different interior views of traverses, showing guns dis-
mounted and destruction eaused by bombardment, 1.7061,
1.7195, 1.7243, S.1230, S.1233, S.1235, 3.1238, S.1239, 8.1241,
8.1242.
—interior view of " the pulpit," 1.7535, S.1240.
—Armstrong gun, 1.7073, 8.1234.
Battery Lamb, on sea front of Fort Fisher, 1.7119, 1.7622, S.1232.
Battery Buchanan, near Fort Fisher, 8.1231.
Quartermaster and commissary office, near Fort Fisher, 1.7209.
SIEGE OF CHARLESTON.
Fort Sumter:
— interior views, showing how walls were strengthened, 9.3457,
S.3458, S.3459, 3.3460.
—interior views on parapet, 3.3461, 8.3466.
— view from parapet, 3.3464.
—view from east angle of parapet, facing Morris Island, S.3465.
—interior views at time of celebrating raising United States flag
S.34M, 8.3465, 3.3456.
—exterior views showing cheveaux-de-frise and wireB lo protect
against assaulting parties, 8.3462, 8.3463.
Fort Moultrie, interior views, 3.3407, S.34G8, 8.3469, 8.3470, 3.3473,
8.3470, 8.3477.
Fort John ho 11 :
—interior view.-, 8.34*4, S.::-1M S.:;!B7. 3.3488.
—interior view, looking toward Fort Sumter, 8.3475.
—water battery. Fort Sumter in distance, s..'U7i, S.3472.
Fort Putnam, interior views, S.3474, 9.3478, 8.3479, 3,3480,3.3481,
8.3482, 8.3483.
Fort Marshall, interior view at northeast angle, 8.3486.
Wreck of blockade-runner Colt, off Sullivan's island, 3.3411.
City of Charleston:
—view of city from tup of orphan OBylnm, 8.3419, 8.3420.
—view of city from top of Mills House, looking up Meeting
Street, 8.3-140.
— headquarter* of General Hatch 8.3-129,
—house on Broad Street in which federal officers were confined
under fire, 8.3-149, S.34G0.
—Roper's Hospital, 3.3434.
—ruins on the battery, effects of the bombardment, 8.3461.
—ruins of Northeastern Railroad depot, S.3452, S.3453.
—ruin* "f Secession Hall, where first ordinance of secession whs
passed, 8.34-17.
—Hibernian Hall, 8.3439.
—Circular Church, 8.3411, 8.34-12.
—ruins opposite Circular Church, S.3-148.
-Saint Michael's Church S.3437.
—Unitarian and German Lutheran Churches, .S.:u:.lG,
—ruins of Roman Catholic Cathedral, burned in 1861, S.3443,
8.3444, 8.3-145, S.344C.
—ruins of Dr. Gadsden's house, effects of bombardment, 8.3438.
—city hall, 3.3432.
— post-office, 8.342G, 8.3127.
—market house, 8.3428.
—Charleston Hotel, S.3431.
—orphan asylum, S.::1JJ. S.:M23, S.3424, S.3426.
— offices of United States Treasury agent and quartermaster,
8.3436.
—Governor Aiken's house, S.3-133.
—grave of John C. Calhoun, S.3421.
NAVY.
Ruins of Norfolk navy-yard, S.984.
Steam frigate PenBacola, off Alexandria, June, 1881, S.103.
Deck anil turret of the original "Monitor," July, 1882, 8.480,
6.069.
Officers of the original "Monitor," July, 1802, S.390, 8.487,3.492,
8.1077.
Crew of the originnl " Monitor," July, isci', S.J'/O, S.0G0.
Iron-clad gunboat Galena, after her attack on Fort Darling, July,
1802, 8.488, 8.002.
Gunboat Yankee at Fredericksburg, Vn., May, 1804, S.714.
Confederate blockade- runner Tenser, captured by the United
Stales gunboat Maritanza, July, 1862, L.7414, 1.7420.
Gunboat Maritanza, as she appeared Immediately after capture
of blockade-runner Teaser, July, 1802. S.484.
How gun on confederate blockade-runner Teaser, July, 1802, 8.481.
One hundred-pound Br gun on confederate blockade-runner
Teaser, July, 1802. 8.482.
Dock of confederate blockade-runner Teaser, showing destruc-
tion caused by shell tired bv United States gunboat Mari-
tanza, July, 1SC2, S.483.
Gunboat Santiago de Cuba. Hampton Roads, December, 1804,
1.7220.
School-ship Sabine, Hampton Roads, December, 1804, 1.7415.
Steamer Malvern, Admiral Porter's flagship on the Fort Fisher
expedition, Norfolk, Va., December, 1804, 1.7147.
Admiral Porter and staff, on flagship Malvern, Hampton Roads,
December, 1804, L.7244, 1.7227 1.7641.
Gunboat Fort Donelson, Norfolk. Va., December, 1804, L.741G. ,
Guuboat Fort Jackson, Norfolk, Va December, 1864,1.7425.
Deck and turret of monitor Kaatskill, Charleston Harbor. S. C,
8.3412.
Quarter-deck of Pawnee, Charleston Harbor, S. C, S.3408, S.34I0.
Gunboat Mendota, James River, Va., S.2471.
Gunboat Commodore Perrv, James River, Va., S.2472.
The monitor Canonieus, James River, Va., 8.2408. S.2469, S.2470.
Officers on deck of Philadelphia, Charleston Harbor, S. C, S.3414.
Admiral Dahlgreu and staff, on deck of Pawnee, Charleston Har-
bor, S. C, 8,3413.
PORTRAITS OF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
Abraham Lincoln, President. 8.1312.
Hannibal Hamlin, Vice-President S.1429.
William H. Seward, Secretary of State, 8.1431.
Salmon P. Chase, Secretary of Treasury, S.1747.
Simon Cameron, Secretary'of War, S.1699.
Edwin S. Btanion, Secretary ot War, S.2208.
Charles A. liana, Assistant Secretary of War, S.2430.
Gideon Welle.", Secretary of Navy. S.U76, S.1375.
John P. Unher, S.-cretarv of Interior, S.1708.
Edward Bates, Attorney-General, 8.1741.
J Mm- h Speed, Attorney-General, S. 2080.
PORTRAITS OF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
CONFEDERATE STATES GOVERNMENT.
Jefferson Davis, President, S.1453.
Alexander H. Stephens, Vice-President, S.1430.
R. M. T. Hunter, Secretary of State, S.1740.
Stephen R. Mallory, Secretary of Navy, S.1743.
John H. Reagan, Postmaster-General, 3.1996.
GRAND REVIEW OF THE ARMY.
Washington, D. C, May 22 and 23, 1865.
Fourteen different views at the reviewing-stand in front of Ex.
eciitive Mansion. 1.7694, L.77P, S.uis, S.l-4'j. S.l -■"■". S.1..M
3.1252, S.1J53, -S.liVI S.1255, S.1250, S.3388, 8.3390, S.3391.
Three different views looking up Pennsylvania Avenue towards
Seventeenth Street from opposite reviewing-stand, 8.1277,
8.1278,3.1283. ,
Fifteen different views looking down Pennsylvania Avenue from
corner of Fifteenth Street, 8.1257, 8.1268, S.1259, S.120U,
S.12G1, S.12G2, S.12G3, S.J2C4, S.120'), S.litfO, S.1207, S.liBS,
S, 1209, 3.1270, S.1271.
Stand for spectators at corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and
Fifteenth Street, 8.1270, 8.1279.
The public school children on west front of capitol, 1.7748, S.1280,
8.1281.
Troops marching down Capitol Hill on west side of the Capitol,
8.1282.
View looking down Pennsylvania Avenue from corner of Ninth
Street, 1.7907.
General John A. Logan and staff, and Army of Tennessee, passing
in review, 3.3321.
General H. S. Wright and staff, and Sixth Army Corps, passing in
review, S.3392.
General H. W. Slocum and staff, and Army of Georgia, passing in
review, S.3393, S.3394.
General Jefferson C. Davis and staff, and Nineteenth Army Corps,
passing in review, S.3395.
Portion of Twentieth Army Corps passing in review, S.3390,
S.3397, S.3398.
ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN.
Ford's Theater, place of assassination:
— exterior view, 1.77G5.
— view of box in which President was assassinated, S.3403, S.3404.
—chair occupied bv President at time of assassination, S.1939,
S.3-105, S.34O0, S.3407.
Howard's stable, place where Booth hired the horse on which he
escaped, 1.7700, 1.7767.
Lewis Payne, one of the conspirators, 1.7769, 1.7770, L.7771,
L.7772. 1.7773, 1.7774, 1.7775,1.7770,1.7777.
Michael O'Laughlin, one of the conspirators, 1.7708, 1.7780,
1.7783.
Samuel Arnold, one of the conspirators, 1.7778, 1.7779.
George A. Atzorot, one of (he conspirators, 1.7781, 1.7782,
David E. Harrold, one of the conspirators, 1.7784, 1.7785, 1.7780.
Edward Spangler, one of the conspirators, 1.7787, 1.7788.
Unknown persons, arrested on suspicion, 1.7789, 1.7790, 1.7791,
1.7792, L.7793.
Execution of conspirators :
—views of the scaffold before the execution, 1.7757, 1.7759.
— on the scaffold, 1.7795.
—reading the warrant, 1.7796.
—adjusting the ropes. 1.7797, L.7799.
—the trap sprung, 1.7798, 1.7800.
—the graves, 1.7700.
Funeral procession of President Lincoln on Pennsylvania Avenue,
Washington, D. C, S.1272, S.1273, S.1275.
Funeral car of President Lincoln, S.1985.
EXECUTION OF CAPTAIN WIRTZ (C. S.
THE BRUTAL KEEPER OF ANDER-
SONVILLE PRISON-PEN.
Reading the death warrant, 1.7752.
Adjusting the rope, 1.7753.
Springing the trap, 1.7764.
Wirtz hanging, 1,7765.
Newspaper correspondents viewing the execution, 1.7760.
A.),
CITY OF WASHINGTON, 1861-1866.
Office of Chief Signal Officer .-
—with Colonel Fisher and officers, 1.7814, 1.7848.
— with group of officers and clerks, 1.7095.
Central signal station, 1.7G83.
Medical department, L.7611, 1.7921.
Quartermaster's office (Captain Tompkins), 1.7840, 1.7918, 1.7919.
Quartermaster's office {Seventh Street wharf), 1.7870.
Hospital of quartermaster's department, 1.7812, 1.7904.
Government bakery, 1.7859, 1.7885.
Mess-house at government stable, 1.7674. 1.7670.
Mess-house of quartermaster's employees, 1.7901, 1.7902, 1.7903.
Quartermaster's warehouse, 1.7013, L.7821, 1.7831, 1.785S, 1.7870.
Government horse-shoeing shop, 1.7820.
{government repair shops:
—wheelwright shop, 1.7856, L.7878, 1.7900.
—trimming shop, 1.7700.
—paint shop, 1.7701.
— carpenter shop, 1.7836.
—blacksmith shop, 1.7699, 1.7864.
—ambulance shop, 1.7834.
—office, 1.7923, 1.7925.
—general view, 1.7922.
— street in rear, 1.7888.
General M. D. Hardin's headquarters, April, 1865, 1.7883.
General Alfred Pleasonton's headquarters, April, 1866, 1.7838,
1.7920.
Old Capitol Prison, S.1019.
Forest Hall Prison, 1.7867.
Park of artillery at arsenal, 1.7250, 1.7671, S.2283, S.2284, S.2285.
Wiard guns at arsenal, 1.7246, S.2286.
Groups of clerks at War Department. 1.7S73, 1.7899.
Groups of clerks at Qaarterroaster-GeneraTH Office, 1.7055,1.7826,
1.7827, 1.7S28. 1.7829, 1.7655, 1.7871, 1.7872.
Group of employees at quartermaster's depot, 1.7891.
Group of clerks at provost-marshal's office, 1.7889.
Office of Christian Commission, 1.7718, 1.7719, 1.7720, 1.7721.
Long Bridge, 1.7824.
Long Bridge, after its destruction by freshet, 1.7819.
Fire at which Ellsworth's Zouaves distinguished themselves,
S.2293.
DEFENCES OF WASHINGTON.
Headquarters of defences of Washington, south of Potomac,
August, 1865, 1,7340.
Fort Corcoran
— guard-house and guard, L.7841.
— rear entrance, S.2309
—loading big gun, S.2310
Fort Lincoln, 1.7409.
Fort Lincoln, detachment manning the guns, Co. " H," 3d Massa-
chusetts Artillery, 1.7874
Fort Richardson, view of interior, S.2311.
Fort C. F. Smith, views of interior, Co's " F," "L," and "K," 2d
New York Artillery, 1.7072, 1.7073, 1.7075.
Fort Stevens :
— views of interior and 3d Massachusetts Artillery, 1.7692, 1.7744,
1.7803, 1.7917.
—officers' quarters, 3d Massachusetts Artillery, 1.72K2, 1.7096.
— barracks. 3d Massachusetts Artillery, 1.7740, 1.7897.
Fort Slemmer, rear entrance, 8.2318.
Fort Totten :
—sally-port and group of3d Massachusetts Artillery, 1.7021.
— views of interior and group of 3d Massachusetts Artillery,
1.7249, 1.7253, 1.7081, 1.7087.
— officers' quarters, 3d Massachusetts Artillery, 1.7201, 1.7078.
— view of interior, S.2313.
Fort 'Whipple :
— headquarters, 1.7408.
—batteries in No. 2, 1.7034.
—light battery, 1.7C69.
Fort Woodbury, S.2319.
Camp Barry, artillery depot, July, 1803, 1.7010, 1.7436.
Camp Stoneman, Griesboro, Md., cavalry depot:
—general views, May, 1884. 1.7015, 1.7017.
—General Gamble, Major Sawyer, and officers, March, 1865,1.7 't>8,
1.7349, 1.7&35, 1.7837.
—hand and quarters, March. 1805,1.7350.
Signal Corps camp, 1.7724, 1.7725, 1.7727. 1.7730, 1.7732.
Camp of Thirteenth New York Cavalry, Prospect Hill, 1.7218,
1.7722, 1.7733, 1.773G, 1.7737, 1.7739.
Headquarters of General Hardin near Fort Slocurn, 1.7228, 1.7431.
Brigade headquarters near Fort Lincoln, 1.7908, 8.1147.
Headquarters of General S. P. Heintzelman, Fort Lyon, S.2305.
Foehe's house, near Arlington House, S.230G.
Headquarters of General Irwin McDowell, Arlington House,
S.2307.
Headquarters of General W. F. Bartlett, 1.7020, 1.7221, 1.7223,
1.7731.
Headquarters of General A. McD. McCook, Brightwood, D. C,
July, 1804, 1.7205.
Blair's house.Silver Springs, D. C, S.1012, S.1197.
House near Fort Stevens, snowing effect of shot during Early's
attack on Washington, S.101B, S.1170.
Soldiers' cemetery, n^ar Fort Stevens, 1,7682.
Soldiers' cemetery at Soldiers' Home, S.118P.
General A. McD. McCook and staff, Brightwood, D. C, July, 1804,
1.7206, 1.7600, S.1022.
General C. C. Augur and staff, 1.7118, 1.7809, S.1001.
Examining passes at Georgetown Ferry, S.290, 8.291.
Pontoon bridge between Georgetown and Analostan Island,
1.7800.
Block-house near Aqueduct Bridge, S.3282.
Views of Georgetown, 1,7085, 1.7840, 1.7894, 1.7895.
Views from Georgetown Heights, J..7823, 1.7882.
Aqueduct Bridge, Potomac River, 1.7817, S.288, S.289, S.2308.
Cabin John Bridge, Potomac River, 1.7651.
Chain Bridge, Potomac River, 1.7055, 1.7656, 1.7667, S,2283l
8.2290, S.2291.
Foot-bridge, near Chain Bridge, S.2292.
View on Cabin John Run, S.2287.
Great Falls, Potomac River, 1.7652, 1.7653, 1.7654.
HOSPITALS IN WASHINGTON AND
VICINITY.
Quartermasters' Hospital, 1.7812, 1.7904.
Douglass Hospital, 1.7816, 1.7884.
Tent Hospital in rear of Douglass Hospital, 1.7924.
Stanton Hospital, 1.7914.
Armory Square Hospital :
—chapel, showing dome of Capitol in the distance, 1.7916.
—interior of Ward K, 1.7822, 1.7886, 1.7887.
Harewoocl Hospital:
—general views, 1.7826, S.1014.
—exterior of Ward B, S.1209.
—interior of ward, S.1000, S.1007, 8.1008.
—interior of mess-room, S.1168.
—officers' quarters, 1.7003, 8.1200.
—ambulance train, S.114G.
Tent hospital at Kendall Green, S.120B.
Ruins of Kalorama Hospital, May, 1805. 1.7600.
Surgeons at Finlay Hospital, April, 1864, 1.7853.
Surgeons at Seminary Hospital, April, 1865, 1.7875.
CITY OF ALEXANDRIA, VA.
Marshall House, where Colonel Ellsworth was killed, S.11S9,
S.2294, 3.2295.
Slave-pen, 1.7204, 3.1003, 8.1174, S.2290, S.2297, S.2208, 8.2299,
S.2300.
Soldiers' Rest:
—exterior views, July, 1806, 1.7815, 8.1039.
—interior of kitchen. July, 1805, 1.7803.
Lodge of Sanitary Commission, July, 1864, S.1203.
Lodge of Sanitary Commission at convalescent camp, May, 1803,
S.1204.
Soldiers' cemetery, 1.7250, 8.1172.
Christ Church, 8.2301.
FORT MONROE AND HAMPTON, VA., 1864.
Fortress Monroe:
—the sally-port, 8.829.
—the parade-ground, S.830.
—the Lincoln gun, 1.7419, 8.833.
— exterior of officers' quarters in the casemates, S.832.
— interior of officers' quarters in the casemates, 8. 836.
—group of officers and their families, 1.7411.
— post band. 1.7421.
— nygeia saloon, 1,7420.
—quartermaster's office, 1.7418, 1.7422, S.838.
— the beach, 3.839.
— light-house, S.S37.
Hampton, Va., 1.7029, 1.7412, S.841.
Ruins of old church at Hampton, Va., 8.16, 8.459, S.405, 8.406,
S.4G7, S.1244.
Chesapeake Hospital, Hampton, Va., 1.7417, 1.7427, S.840.
Ammunition schooners in Hampton Roads, Va., 1.7424.
SANITARY COMMISSION AND CHRISTIAN
COMMISSION.
Sanitarv commissioners, S.1810.
Central" office of Sanitary Commission, Washington
1.7700, 1.7708, S.1198.
Storehouse of Sanitary Commission, Washington,
1.7710.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, l»-
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No.—, Washington, 1).
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, I».
Sanitary Commission, Lodge No. — , Washington, D.
Wagon and outfit of field relief corps of Sanitary
1.7711, S.1199.
,D.C, 1.7704,
D. C, 1.7709,
C. 1.7707.
C, 1.7712.
C, 1.7713.
C, 1.7714.
C, 1.7715.
0., 1.7716.
C, 1.7717.
C, S.1200.
C, S.1201.
C, S.1202.
Commission*
Lodge of Sanitary Commission, Alexandria, Va., 8.1203.
Office of Sanitary Commission, convalescent camp, near Alex-
andria, Vft., S.1204.
Office of Sanitary Commission, Fredericksburg, Va., May, 1804,
Storehouse of Sanitary Commission, Fredericksburg, Va., May,
1804,8.739. ,
Cooking tents of Sanitary Commission, Fredericksburg, Va.,
May, 1804, 8.742.
Nurses and officers of Sanitary Commission, Fredericksburg,
Va., May, 1804, 8.741.
Wounded soldiers of KearneyV Division itt Sanitary Commis-
sion, Fredericksburg, Va., May, 1804, 8.740.
Office of Sanitary Commission, Gettysburg, I'a., S.238.
Campof Sanitary Commission at Hello Plain Landing, May, 1864,
8.2-184.
Wagons of Sanitary Commission at Belle Plain Landing, May,
1804, 6.2478.
Headquarters of Christian Commission in the field, Germantown,
Va., August, 1803, 1.7471.
Office of Christian Commission, Washington, D. C., 1.7718,1.7719,
1.7720,1.77*1.
Camp of Christian Commlaalon at White House Landing, Va.,
8.2487.
Headquarters of Christian Commission, Richmond, Va., S.3371.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Levco at VlokabuTg. Miss., February, 1801, 8.391.
Brazilian steamer, 1.7M'.iu, S.JIO, 8,347.
Dix's autograph letter, "Shoot him on the spot," S.37G3.
Tomb of Washington's mother, Frederieksl.urg, Va., 8.712.
Residi-nce of John Minor Botts, 1.7123, 1.7124, 1.7125, 1.7029,
8.280, 8.237.
John Minor Mutts ami family, L.7121, 1.7122.
Patellus's house. 1.7745.
Agricultural College near BladensburK, Md., 1.7428.
Memorial tablotto Lieut. Henry B. Hidden, 1.7402.
Captain Hull 's ram], at Gettysburg, 1.7231, 1.7232, 1.7247.
Wounded Indian soldiers, 8.2312.
Manner of removing wounded, L.72Sf., 1.7381, L.7G30, S.304,
8.1078.
General Rufua Ingalls and group. City Point, Va., 1.7284, 1.7524,
1.7010.
Military Telegraph Corps, Major Eeltort ami group, 1.7487.
Group of arllllerv officers, Antietani, Md., September, 1802, S.579.
Captain Clark and Captain Jan./, 8.2350.
Two officers of General A. A. Humphrey's stuff, 1.7300, 1.7404.
Officers of stall' of General Pierce, 1.7308.
Officers of staff of General Gereham Molt, 1.7267.
Officers of staff of General A. McD. MoCook, Bright-wood, D. C,
July, 1804, 1.7070.
Officers ol Signal Corps camp, near Washington. D. C, 1.72G0,
1.7728, 1.7720.
General Daniel Butterfleld'fl horse, Falmouth, Va., April, 1803,
1.7G58.
Captain Beckwith'n horse, headquarters Army of Potomac, Feb-
ruary, 1803, 1.7278.
General George 6, Meade's horse, 1.7370.
General U. S. Grant's horses, Cold Harbor, Va., June 14, 1804,
8.2420.
General John A. Rawlins's horse, Cold Harbor, Va., June 14, 1S04,
8.2131.
Captain Webster's horse, headquarters Army of Potomac, March,
1564, 1.7307.
Lieutenant King's horse, 1.7376.
Colonel Sharpe's horse, headquarters Army of Potomac, April,
1803,1.7321,1.7630.
Major Allon (Pinkenon), of Secret Service Department, 1.7408.
William Wilson, h (quarters Army of Potomac, 1.7127.
Mr. Talfor, engineer-draughtsman at headquarters Army of Poto-
mac, 1.7-135.
J. Furey, Quartermaster's Department, October, 1803, 1.7400.
A. R, Ward, artist for Harper's Weekly, 1.7104, S.254.
Mrs. Tynan and sons, Frederick, Md., 1.7100.
Captain Huff's clerk, 1.7488.
Frank C. Tilley (or Filley), S.1G24.
Discussing probabilities ot next advance, 8.175.
Departure from the old homestead, S.30G.
A camp kitcaen (tasting the soup), S.2416.
Inauguration of President Grant, 8.1284, S.12S5, S.128G.
Fifteen-inch gun, 1.7909.
Big gun, 1.7059.
Wiard gunB, 1.7012, L.7102, L.7832, 1.7857.
Park of artillery, 1.7024.
Army office wagon, 1.7800.
Arrival of a negro family in the lines, S.657.
A picnic party at Antietam, S.581.
A eavalrv orderly, s.oio.
Camp fun, 8.004.
Mule team crossinc a brook, 1.7131.
An old Virginia family carriage, S.7I3.
And a large quantity of views not vet identified.
POKTKAITS OF ARMY OFFICERS.
[, — Groups of regimental officers are catalogued under title
" Regiments and Batteries." Other groups, except generaU
and their staffs, are catalogued under campaigns during wAicA
taken, or under title ''Miscellaneous."
Abbott, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. I. C, 8.1469.
Abercrombie, Brig.-Gen. J. J., S.162G.
Abert, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W 3., 8.3178.
Adams, Lieut.-Col. A. D., 27th N. Y. Infantry, S.19GL
Adama, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. C. P., S.1749.
Adams, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. (in group), 1.7390, 1.7490.
Adams, Col. J. W., 07th N. V. Infantry, 8.2092.
Alden, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A., Col. 169th, N Y., 8.3062.
Alexander, Col. C. IS'., 2d D. C. Infantry 8.2166, S.3755.
Alexander, Lieut.-Col. T. L., 6th U. S. Infantry, S.1381.
Alexander. Cant T-, 80th N. Y. Infantry, 1.7605.
Allaire, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. J., 8.1917.
Allen, Col., 8.1G76.
Allen, Lieut.-Col. D. B., 154th N. Y. Infantry, S.1444.
Allen, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R., S.3108.
Allen, Major W., paymaster, 8.3773.
Allen, Col. W. II., 1st N. Y. Infantry, S.1735.
Alvord, Brig.-Gen. B., C.4506.
Ames, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A., S.1390, 8.1728.
Ames, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. and staff, C.4073.
Ames, Bvt. Bng.-Gen. W., C.4BGG.
Anderson, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. N. L., S.3O04.
Anderson, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R., B.1378, S.1753, S.3780.
Andrews, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C. C., S.2076.
Andrews, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. L., S.1470, S.3732.
Antisel, Surgeon T., 8.3789.
Armstrong, Bvt, "Brig-Gen. S. C, Col. 8th U. S., S.1920.
Arnold, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R., C.4667.
Arrow-smith, Lieut., 7th N. Y S. M., S.21I0.
Ashoth, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A., C.4591.
Aspinwall, Lieut.-Col. L., 22d N. Y. S. M., 8.3733.
Astor, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J. J., S.1807.
Audenreid, Bvt. Lieut.-Col. J. C, aide-de-camp, S.3757.
Augur, Maj.-Gen. C. C, 8.1400.
Augur, Maj.-Gen. C. C. and staff, 1.7118, 1.7809, S.1001.
Avcrell, Brig.-Gen W. W.,S.1C55.
Averell, Brig.-Gen. W. W. and staff, 1.7576, S.635.
Avery, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R., C.4504.
Avres, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R, B., 8.1582.
Babcock, Lieut, C. B-, 7th N. Y S. M., S.15S6.
Babcoclt, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O. E..C.4505.
Bache, Cant. F. M., 10th V. S. Infantry, S.2439.
Bagley, Lieut.-Col. J.. 69th N. Y. Infautrv, S.1356.
Bailey, Col. B. P., 86th N. Y. Infantry, S.180G.
Bailey, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., S.3235.
■"—, Bvt. Bng.-Gen. S. M., Col
Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A..S.2115.
Baker, Col. E. D., 71st Pa. Infantry, 8.1459.
Baker, Lieut. J. A., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1G65.
Baker, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. L. C, C.49G5.
Ballier, Bvt, Bng.-Gen. J. F., Col. 98th Pa., 8.2027.
Banks, Maj.-Gen. N. P., S.1321.
Banks, Maj.-Gen. N. I*, and staff, C.4527, 0,5194.
Banta, Lieut. -Col. W. C, 7th Ind. Infantry, 8,1794.
Barlow. Maj.-Gen. F. C, 8.1955.
Barnard, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. J. G., S.1508, S.1041.
Barnes, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. K., C.4477.
Barnett, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.51C7.
Barney, Col. E. L., 6th Vt. Infantry, S.1G83.
Barnum.Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. A., S.2051.
Barrett, Maj. 0. D., 11th N. Y. Cavalrv, S.3832.
Barry, Bvt. Maj. R. P., 10th U. S. Intantrv, S.3871.
Barry, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. F., S.1951, S.2018.
Barry, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. F. and staff, S.429.
Barstow, Bvt. Brig.- Gen. S. F. (in group), 1.7957.
Bartholemew, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O. A., S.2614.
Bartlett, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. G., S.3091.
Bartlett, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. J., S.lls7. S.17<"(t. S.2125, S.3716.
Bartlett, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. F., C.4597.
Bartlett, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. F. nnd staff, 1.7217, 1.7221.
Barton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. B., Col. 48th N. Y., S.1604.
Bartram, Lieut.-Col. K. B., Ass't Adjt.-Gen., S.3749.
Bntelielder, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. N., 8.2600.
Baxter, Bvt. Brit;. -Gen. D. C, Col. 72d Pa., S.3014.
Baxter, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H., S.3041.
Baxter, Surgeon J. H., S.3833.
Bavard, Brig.-Gen. G. D., C.4668.
Bayles, Surgeon G., 4th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, S.1379.
Beal, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. L., S.3020.
Beatty, Brig.-Gen. J„ C.4742.
Beaumont, Col. M. H., 1st N. J. Cavalry, S.1943.
Beaver, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. A., C.4715.
Beazeil, Major J. W., pavmu-ter, S.1305, S.1412.
Beekwith, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. G. (in group), C.5194,
Bedrer, Major B. P., S.1947.
Beecher, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. C, S.14CG.
Belknap, Lieut.-Col. J..S.1841.
Belknap, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. W..S.2034.
Belknap, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. W. and orderlies, C.40G0.
Bell, Lieut,-Co|. T. S.. 51st Pa. Infantry, S.3737.
Bendix, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. K., S.3201.
Benedict, Ass't Surg. A. C. 1st N. Y. Infantry, S.1458.
Benedict, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. L., S.17P9.
Eenham, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. W., S.209G.
Bennett, Gen. W. T-, 8.3099.
Bensel, Capt. W. P., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1671.
Benton, Lieut.-Col. R. C, 1st Vt. Heavy Artill-ry, 8.1355.
Benton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. H., C.4544.
Benton, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. P., S.3775.
Berdan, Bvt. Bng^-Gen. H., S.377I.
Berry, Maj.-Gen. H. G-, S.2224.
B-rthond, Col. A. P., 31st N. J. Infantry. S.3738.
Betge, Col. R. J., 03th N. Y. Infantry, 8.2132.
Letts, Lieut.-Col. G. F.,9th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1635.
Diddle, Brig -'.ien. C. J.,S.322I.
Biddle, Col. G. H., B5th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1800.
Bidwell, Lieut.-Col., S.19G0.
Bingham, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. H. H., S.3006.
Birdwell, Brig.-Gen. D. D., S.1723.
Birge, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. W., C.5178.
Birnev, Maj.-Gen. D. B., S.2216.
Birney, Maj.-Gen. I>. B. and staff, 1.7153.
Blackman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. M., 8.2042.
Blair, Maj.-Gen. Frank P., S.1704.
Blair, Maj.-Gen. Frank P. and staff, 1.7054.
Blaisdell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W.,S.31H.
Blanchard, Lieut.-Col. C. D., quartermaster, S.1475.
Bl-tiker. Briu.-Gen. L„ S.17:',h
Blunt, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A P., 8.1813.
Bogert, Lieut. J. W., 7th N. Y. S. M. t S.1588.
I'.ohl.-u, Briu--Gen. H., 8.2091.
Bonneville, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. L. E., 8.1968.
Bostwick, Maj., 12th K. V. S. M., S.I767.
Bostwick, Lieut, C. B., 7ch N. Y. 8. M., S.1662.
Bostwick, Col. H.,7UtN. Y. Infantry, S.1573.
Boughton, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. H..S.2035.
Bourri, Col. G., 68th N. Y. Infantry, S.1519.
Bowen, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. James, S.1952.
Bowerman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. N., S.2652.
Boyd, Maj. C.,5thN. Y. Infantry, S.1450.
Boyle, Brig.-Gen. J. T., S.3078.
Brackelt, Col. A. G., 9th III. Cavalry, S.1649.
Bradlev, Capt. J., quartermaster, S.1573.
Brazu-, Brii;.-i.ien. E. .S., 0th Wi^e. Infantry, S.l:;ii7, S.203C
Brandenstien, Capt. H., 40th N. Y. Infantry, S.1824.
Brannon, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. M., S.1490.
Breck, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S., S.26G3.
Brewster, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. R., 1.7579, S.1842.
Brewster, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. R. and staff, 1.7343, 1.7580.
Brice, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. B. W., C.4499.
Brings, Brin-Gen. H. S., S.1707.
Britt, Lieut.-Col. J. W., 57th N. Y. Infantry, S.1543.
Broadhead, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. F., Co!. 1st Mich. Cavalry, S.1958.
Brooke, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. R., S.3o4G.
Brooks, Maj.-Gen. W. T. H., 8.3054.
Brown, Lieut.-Col., 8.3772.
Brown, Lieut.-Col. A. C, 13tli Vt. Infantry, S.14G3.
Brown, Brig.-Gen. E. B., S.3228.
Brown, Maj. F., paymaster, S.2169.
Brown, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. L., Col. 145th Pa. Infantry, S.3107.
Brown, Col. J. M., 100th N. Y. Infantry, S.2G03.
Brown, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. N. W., C.40G9.
Brown. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O., C.4948.
Browulow, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. P., 1st Tenn. Cavalry, S.3077.
Brumm, Maj. G. W., 50th Pa. Infantry, 1.7271.
Brusie, Ass't Surg. L., 3d Ind. Cavalry, S.188H.
Bu'.-hanan, Bvt. Maj -Gen. R. C, C.4793.
Buek, Surg. E. J., 18th Wise. Infantry, S.3798.
Buck, Lieut.-Col. S. L., 2d N. J. Infantry, S.170G.
Buckingham, Brie,.-Gen. C. P., S.2175.
Buckland, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R. P., C.4741.
Buell, Col. C, lG9th N. Y. Infantry, S.3740.
Buell, Maj.-Gen. Don Carlos, S.1501.
Buford, Maj.-Gen, J.,S.2171.
But.. id, Maj.-Gen. J. and -taff, C.40G1.
Buford, Maj.-Gen. N. B., S.1547.
Bunting, Lieut. T. B., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1663.
Burbank, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. S., Col. 2d U. S. Infantry, S.3101.
Burger, Capt. A. A., S.2237.
Bin^ess, Col., S.3739.
Burke, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. W., C.517G.
Burling, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. 0, Col. 0th N. Y. Infantry, S.3102.
Burnett, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. L., Jtnlue Advocate, S.2056.
Burnham, Col. Q.B., 22d Conn. Infantry, 8.1477, S.373G.
Burns, Brig.-Gen. W. W., S.3098.
Bumside, Maj.-Gen., and Brady, the Photographer, S.2433.
Burnside, Maj.-Gen. A. E., S.1G25.
Bumside, Maj.-Gen. A. E. and staff, £.7186, 1.7379, 1.7382, S.1049.
Burt, Lieut.-Col. E., 3d Me. Infantry, S.3779.
Bussey, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C, C.4643.
Busteed, Bri-.-G-n. Riehard S.2180.
Butler, Lieut. E. K., 69th N. Y. S. M., S.225S,
Butler, Maj.-Gen. B. F., S.140G, C.4028.
Butler, Maj.-Gen. B. F. and staff, C.4208.
Butterfield, Maj.-Gen. D., 1.7540, S.165I.
Buxton, Suig. B. F., 5tli Me. Infantry, S.1389.
Cadwalader, Maj.-Gen. G, C.4670.
Cake, Col. H. L., 90th Pa. Infantry, S.1817.
Cadwell, Bvt. Maj.-G,?n. J. C, S.1457.
Cad well, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. 0. and staff, S.441, S.580.
Call is, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. B., C.4740.
Cameron, Col. J., 79th K. Y. Infantry, S.1637.
Campbell, Col. D., 4th Pa. Cavalry, 8.1724.
Campbell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. L. On group), 1.7957.
Campbell, Surg. J., S.3725.
Campbell, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J. A., C.4780.
Canby, Maj.-Gen. E. R. S., 8.3173.
Candy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C, Col. 60th Ohio Infantry. 8.2181.
Capehart, Lieut.-Col. C. E., 1st W. Va. Cavalry, 8.1623.
Copron, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H., C.4579.
Corleton, Bvt. Bng.-Gen. C, A..S.3003.
Carlin, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. P., C.4659.
Carmen, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. A., Col. 13th N. J. Infantry, 8.1330.
Carpenter, Maj. J. W., paymaster, S.1720.
Carpenter, quartermaster, 8.1687.
Can, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. B-, 8.2228.
Carnngton, Brig.-Gen. H. B.,8.3060.
Carroll, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. S. 8., S.1913, S.3866.
Carroll, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. S. 8. and staff, 1.7o51.
Carson, Bvt. Bng.-Gen. C, 8.2020.
Carter, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. S. P., S.3056.
Carter, Lieut. L., 60th Pa. Infantry, 1.7410.
Cary, Col. W. H., S.3787.
Casey, Maj.-Gen. Silas, S.1710.
Casey, Maj.-io-n. Silas an ..I staff, C.45GG.
Ca-s, Col.T., '.nil Mi^s. Infantry, S.3774.
Cassidy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. L., 93d N. Y. Infantry, 8.2187, 8.3008,
Catlin. Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. 8., C.4501.
Chamberlain, Lieut. -Col. ti. E., 1st Vt. Heavy Artillery, 8.3735.
Chamberlain, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. L., 8.1859.
Chambers, Brig.-Gen. A., S.3052.
Chandler, Surg. C. M., 6th Vt. Infantry, 8.2M8.
Chapman, Bvt, Brig -Gen. G. II., 8.2141.
Chapman, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. G. H. and staff, S.2442.
Chapman, Lieut.-Col. A. B., 57th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1393.
Charles, Col. E. C, 42d N. Y. Infantry, S.2H05.
Chase, Adjt. D. L., 78th and 102d N. i- Infantry, 8.1779.
Chffsemau.surg. T. M.,7th N. Y. S. M., 8.1491.
Ctu'tlaine, Bvt. Maj -Gen. A. L-, S.2S16.
Cliiekering, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. E., 8.3092.
Childs, Lient.-Col. J. H., 4th Pa. Cavalry, 8.1869.
Chipman, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. N. P., C.4500.
Cliristctisen, Bvt. Hrig.-iien. C. T., 8.3009.
Christian, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. W. H., S.2138.
Chrysler, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. M. H., 8.3051.
Church, Surg. W. H., 8.1691.
Churchill, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S., S.14G0.
Chuatill.Maj. W. B., S.1959.
Cilley, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. P., C.5160.
Clark, Captain E., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1684.
Clark, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G., C.4720.
Clark, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. W., C.4045.
Clark, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. T., S.1580, 8.1880.
Clarke, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. F., 8.1902, C.6194,
Clay, Bvt. Brig.-Gon. C, S.3000.
Clay, Maj.-Gen. C. M., C.4671.
Clayton, Brig.-Gen. P., C.4986.
Glitz, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. B, Col. 10th TJ. 3. Infantry, 8.1521.
Cluseret, Brig.-Gen. G. P., 8.2219.
Cohh, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. A., C.4739.
Coburn, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.4738.
Ci.ehran, Bng.-Gen. J., S.1320.
Cogswell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W., 2d Ma3S. Infantry, 8.2029.
Cogswell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. and staff, C.4068.
Coll.urn, Lieut.-Col. A. V., aide-de-camp, 1.7043.
Cole, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. W., S.3076.
Colgate, Lieut. -Col. C. G., 15th N. Y. Engineers, 8.1923.
Collet, Col. M. W., 1st N.J. Infantry, 8.1353.
Connor, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. P. E., S.2124.
Connor, Brig.-Gen. Selden, S.1764.
Conrad, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J, S.2G01.
Cook, Maj.-Gen. a. McD., S.I744.
Cook, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. P. St, G., C.4599.
Cook, Maj. W. W., 5th N. If. Infantry, 8.1929.
Cooper, Brig.-Gen. J., 8.2066.
Cooper, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. A.. S.3236.
Copeland, Lieut.-Col., S.1349.
CoppinL-er, Adjt. .1. B.. s:;d N. Y. Infantry, S.1514.
Corbin, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. H. C, S.^017.
Corcoran, Brig.-Gen. M..S.2234.
f'orley, Lieut. C, 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1670.
Corse, Bvt. Mal.-Gen. J. M.. ("Hold the Fori,") C.4497
Coster, Col. 0. R., 134th N. Y. Infantry, S.3193.
Couch, Maj.-Gen. D. N., S.37G8.
Coulter, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R., C.4724.
Covode, Col. G. H., 4th Pa. Cavalry, S.1848.
Cowdin, Brig.-Gen. K., 8.2217.
Cox, Maj.-Gen. J. D-, C.4G72.
Cox, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. C, C.4713.
Cozzens, Sergt. F., S.1591.
Cradlebough, Col. J., 114th Ohio Infantry. S.1775.
Crandall, Surg. W. B., 16th N. Y. Infantry, S.2156.
Crane, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. H., S.1911.
Crane, Maj. F. W., paymaster, S.1895.
Crawford, Capt. J. S., 114th Pa. Infantry, 1.7037.
Crawford, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. ri. J., C.4784.
Crawford, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. S. W., S.2095, 8.3718, S.3807.
Creiger, Lieut.-Col. J. A., 11th N. Y. Infantry, S.1627.
Crittenden, Maj.-Gen. T. L., S.1730.
Crocker, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. .I.S.,S.630.
Crocker, Brig.-Gen. M. M.. C.4G46.
Crook, Maj.-Gen. G., C. 4-198, C.5121.
Cross, Col. E. E., 5th N. H. Infantry, 8.1983.
Cross, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O., 8.1606.
Croxton, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. T., C.50Q6.
Cullum, Brig.-Gen. G. W., S.1712.
Cum mine?, Lieut-Col. C.,17tri Vt. Infantry, 8.1408.
Cummin", Lieut.-Col. F. M., 124th N. Y. Infantry. 8.13GG. 8.1621.
Cunningham, Capt., 1.7483.
Cunningham, Maj., S.I461
Curtln, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. X, 8.2038.
Curtis, Lieut-Col., 8.1881.
Curtis, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. N. M., 8.2039.
Curtis, Maj.-Gen. S. U.,S.2075
Curtis Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. B„ 8.3224.
Custer, Maj.-Gen. G. A., 8.1613.
Cutler, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. L-, 8.1892.
Pahlk-reo, Col. Ulrlc, C.4642.
Dana, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. L., 8.3748.
Dana, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. J., C.44G9.
Dana, Maj.-Gen. N. J. T., 8.1800.
DantelB,MBj.B.B.,S.lfi23.
Dare, Lieut.-Col., :vit)i Pa. Infantry, 8.21.19,
Davios, Ma). -Gen. H. E., 8.1654.
pavles, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. A., 8.2101.
Davis, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. P., 8.3200.
Erfe Hvf: SSS& K1&W0, 1.7691, 8.11*2, 8.2021.
Davis Bvt. BrIg.-Ge D . W. w. H., 0.4728.
Day, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H., 8.3793.
Dayton. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. 0. V., 8.1777, 9.2005.
Define. Mai. 0. W., 8.1791. n n
Do i Joker, Mn|. H..HU Mirsh. Cavalry, S.1902
De Jhintvill.-. hip/. K. H. G., Ass't Adjt.-Gen.. 8.1517.
Deltsler, Brig.-Gen. G. W., 8.3233.
De.lnlnville, I'rinec, 9.2007. -■
De Lacy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W., 9.3226.
Do Laoy, Mnj. \V„ 87t1l N. Y. Infantry, 8.2258.
DmnlBM. Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. W., C.466S.
Dent, Brig.-Gen. F.T., 0.4493.
Denver, Brig.-Gen. J. W., 8.1898.
Derrou., C-d. A., 2. r .tli N. .1. Infantry, 8.3741.
Da RuBBy.Capt. Isaac D.. 1st U.S. infantry, S.IC98.
Lie Hussy, Brig.-Gen. G. A., 8.1012.
Do RUHsy, Brig.-Gen. G. A. and staff, L.7215.
De Trobrland, Kvl. Mnj. -Gen. I'. It., 8.2117.
Devenn, Maj.-Gen. 0. and staff, C.4178.
Dayereaux, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. F-, S.3006.
Devln, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. C, S.1872, 8.20-18.
Dewey, Brlg.-Gon. J. A,, 8.3053.
Dexter, Hurii. . I. E.,4mh N. Y. Infantry, 8.1883.
Dick, Maj. M. M-, I06tli Pa. Infantry, 8.1725.
Dickinson, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J., 8.1440.
Pllger, dint, II., Ohio Artillery, 8.3177.
Plmoek, Maj. .1. J., 82d N. Y. Infantry, S.1393.
Dlven, Surg., 8.2203.
Dlven, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. 8., 9.1852.
Dix, Maj.-Gen. J. A.. 8.1640.
Dodd, Adjt. 0. 0., 5tli N. H. Infantrv, 8.183S.
Dodd, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. L. A. (in group), L.7758.
Dodge, Brig. -lien. 0. 0., 8.1556, S.1600.
Dodge. Mnj.-Gen. G. M., 8.1072.
Podgo, Col. J. A., 75th N. Y. Infantry, S.38G9.
Donaldson. Bvl. Maj. -Gen. J. L-, S.2613.
Pore, Sorgt., 7th N. Y.S, M., 8.1019.
D'Orlcans, Louis Phillipe (Coin to do Paris), aide-de-camp, 8.3818,
8.3820.
D'Orleans, R. (Due de OhartteB), aide-de-camp, 9.3818, S.3819.
D'Orville, Lieut. A., Oth N. Y. Infantry, 8.2112.
li.nihledav, Maj.-i.OMi. Ahner, S.l l!i7.
Double-day, Col. T. D., 4th K. Y. Heavy Artillery, 9.1874.
Doublcday, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W, S.3312.
Dougherty, Surg. A. N,, 8.1891.
Downing, Maj. P. J-, 4Bd N. Y. Infantry, S.21QG.
Drew, LTeut.-Col. W 0,, 2d D. C. Infantry, S.1362.
Drinning, Mai., 9.1432.
Drum, Brig.-Gen. R. C, C.4492.
Ducat, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. A. C., C.616G.
Dudley, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. \V. \V., 8.2025.
Duffle. Brig.-Gen. A. N., 9.1505, 8.216*.
Duryeo, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Abram, 9.1374.
DuBtin. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. I)., 8.3847.
Dusttn, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. D. and staff, I..7572.
D'Utassv, Col. l'."G.,3'ith N. Y Infantrv, 8.14'.*-;, 9.2184.
Dwight.'Maj. \V.,2d Mas-. Infantrv, 8.1*11, 9.1814.
Dwight, Brfe.-Gen. W., S.1694.
Dyer, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. B., C.5101.
Dyer, Copt, C. G., 2d R. I. Infantry, 8.1086.
EaM-on, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. L, C. (In group), L.7963.
Eaton, Bvt. Maj.-Gen, Amos B., 8.1916.
Eckel, Lieut. .1. S., 60th Pa. Infantry, L.7359.
Eckert. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. T., 8.2057.
Edwards, Col. C. 8., 5th Me. Infantry, 8.1509.
Edwards, Brig.-Gen. J., C.4640.
Edwards, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. O., 9.2028.
Ekin, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. A., 9.1834.
Elder, Lieut.-Col. A. B., loth N. Y. Infantry, 9.3868.
Ellott, Brig.-Gen. A. \Y., S.174*.
Elliott, Bvt. Mnj.-Gen. W. L., 8.3216.
Ellis, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. V. H., 124th N. Y. Infantry, S.2093.
Ellsworth, Col. E. E., 11th N. Y. Infantry, S.3175.
Ely, Maj. G. B., paymaster, S.1792.
Ely, Mai. John, 8.1714.
Emory, Maj .-Gen. W. H., C.4607.
English, Lieut. -Col. James, 8.1350.
Enos, Maj. A. G. 8th Pa. Cavalry, S.2158.
Ent, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. H., 8.3206.
EustlB, Brig.-Gen. H. L., 8.3172.
Everett, Surg. F., S.3809
Everdell, Col. W.. 23d N. Y. 8. M., S.1404.
Ewing, Lieut.-Col. C, 4th N. J. Infantrv, S.1648.
Bring, Brig.-Gen. Thomas, 8.2054.
Ewing, B?t. Maj.-Gen. H., C.4495.
Ewing, Bvt. Maj. -Gen. T., C.4484.
Fairchild, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C, 8.3202.
Fairchild, Brig.-Gen. L., 8.1611.
Fairman, Coi. J., 96th N. Y. Infantry, 9.2232.
Farnham, Lieut.-Col. N. L., 11th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1628.
Farnham, Lieut.-Col. R., 15th Vt. Infantry, S.1479.
Farnsworth, Brig.-Gen. E. J., 9.2638, 8.3100.
Farnsworth, Brig.-Gen. J. F„ S.1894.
Farnum, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. E„ 8.1385.
Farquhor, Lieut. F. U., Engineer Corps, 9.2114.
Farrell, Lieut., 8.1484.
Faulke. Col. A. G., S.3807.
Ferreil, Capt. W. G., 8.2130.
Ferrero, Bvt. Maj.-Gen E., 9.807, 9.1652.
Ferrero, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. and staff, L..7053, C.5333.
Ferry, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. 0. 8., C.5177.
Fesseoden, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. P., 8.3745.
Pessenden, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. D., 8.1914.
Finklemeier, Maj. J. P., Ass't Adjt.-Gen., 8.3804.
Finley, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. A., C.4788.
Fisher. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. F. (in group), I..7848.
Fisher, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. \V. and staff, L.7058.
Fisk, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C. B..C.4G64.
Fisk Lieut.-Col. F. S., 2d N. H. Infantry, 8.3849.
Fletcher, Mai. A. W., paymaster, S.1732.
Flint, Capt. E. A., 1st Mass. Cavalry, L.7403.
Klovd, Lieut.-Col. H. C, 9.1748.
Foote, Maj. F., 9.1418.
Force, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. M. F., C.5099.
Ford, Maj. G. W.. 50th N. Y. Engineers, L.7166.
Forsyth, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. A., C.4508.
Forsyth, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. W., February, 1863, 9.214.
Foster, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. .1. A., S.1638, 8.1005, 8.1790.
Foater, Maj.-Gen. J. G., 9.3828.
Foster, Bvt. Mnj.-Gen. K. S., 9.2020, 9.2053.
Foster, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. K. S. and staff, C.4043, C.420L
Fowler, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. B-, 9.3801.
Fowler, Col. Henry, 9.1900.
Frank, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. P., 8.3001.
Franklin, Maj.-Gen. W. B., 8.3795.
Fremont, Maj.-Gen. John C, S.1315.
French, Maj.-Gen. W. H., L.7345, L.7578, 8.1884.
French, MajjGen. W, II. and staff, L.7601, L.7502.
Frost, Hurg.t. I'., 15th Vt. Infantry, 8.1447.
Frv, Bvt. Maj-G-n.,1. B., S.i: p ", 8.1508.
Fuller, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. W., 8.2031.
Full^rion, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. 8., C.4782.
Gaines, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. P., 8.1327.
Gansevoort, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. S. and staff, L.7723, 1.7726, L.7738,
Gardiner. Maj. C. C.,27th N. Y. Infantry, S.1703.
Garfield, Maj.-Gen. James A., S.2218.
Garland, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. John, 8.1329.
Gates, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. B., S.1827.
Geary, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. J. W., 8.2o33.
Geddes, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. L., 8.3064.
Gerhardt, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., S.3097.
Getty, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. W., S.3783.
Gibbon, Maj.-Gen. J., 8.1404.
Gil.bs, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A., S.1901.
Gibson, Maj. Thomas, 14th Pa. Cavalry, 8.1543.
Giesy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. H.,8.3190.
Gilbert, Surg. U. H., 8.1662, S.3720.
Gilbert, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. A., C.5948.
Gillmore, Maj.-Gen. Q. A., 8.2239.
Gilman, Lieut, J. H., 1st U. S. Artillery, 9.1372.
Glasgow, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. L., C.4648.
Goddard, Capt. R. H. L, aide-de-camp, 8.141)8.
Guff, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. N., S.3035.
Goodell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. A., C.5182.
Goodrich, Maj. Edwin R., 8.1773.
Goodrich, Maj. C. S. (Surgeon), 9.2229.
Gordon, Capt. G. A., 2d U. 6. Cavalrv, 9.1482.
Gordon, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. G. H., 8.1855.
Gorman, Brig.-Gen. \V. A..S.1713.
Gould, Lieut.-Col. E., 5th Mich. Cavalry, S.1439.
Gould, Maj. W. P., paymaster, 8.3794.
Gouley, Ass't Surg. J. W. S-, S.1909.
Go-wan, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. G. W., S.2624.
Graham, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. Charles K., S.1963.
Graham, Brig.-Gen. L. P., 8.2031, 8.3049.
Granger, Maj.-Gen. Gordon, 8.1787.
Grant, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. L. A., S.3O05, S.3174.
Grant, Gen. U. S., L.7947. S.1559.
Greble, Lieut. J. T., 2d U. S. Artillery, C.4655.
Greene, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. 9., 8.1867.
Greene, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O. D., 8.3019.
Gregp, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D. MeM., 9.1756.
GregK, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D MeM. and staff, C.40G7, C.4076.
Gregg. Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. I., 9.3090.
Griersnn, Maj.-Gen. B. H., S.3073.
Griffin, Maj.-Gen. Charles (as Captain), 8.1373.
Griffin, Maj.-Gen. C. and staff, 1.7004.
Griffin, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. 8. G., C.5095.
Grover, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C, S.3717.
Grover, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. I. G., 8.1677.
Guiney, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. Patrick R., 8.3096.
Gurney, Lieut. W.. 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1585.
Guss, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H., C.4703.
Hackleman, Bris-Gen. P. A., C.4674.
Hagadom, M:i\ F. A., 79th K. Y. Infantry, 9.1700.
Ball, Col. H. B., 8.3760.
Hall, Lieut.-Col. H. B-, 4th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, 8,1921.
Hall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. A., S.2637.
flail, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. A. and staff, L.7229, L.7916.
Hall, Capt. T. E., quartermaster, L.7039.
Halleck, Maj.-Gen. H.W.,8.3846.
H'dl-.w.-ll. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. N„ S.2665.
Halpine, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. G., C.4962.
Hamblin, Bvt. Maj.-Gen J. E., 8.1476, 8.2150.
Hamhright, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. A., S.3204.
Hd.milt.iu, Maj. A., aide-de-camp, S.1601.
Hamilton, Brig.-Gen. A. J., S.3875.
Hamilton, Maj.-Gen. C. 8., S.1982.
Hamilton, Mai. -Gen. 8., 8.2230.
Hamlin, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C, S.320O.
Hammell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. S., S.2671.
Hammond, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.4980.
Hammond, Brig.-Gen. W. A., Surgeon General, 8.15o8.
Hancock, Maj.-Gen. W. W., 8.1877.
Hardeuburgh, Bvt. Brig.-t.Ten. J. B., S.1715.
Hardie, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. A., 8.1701.
Hardin, Brig.-Gen. M. D..S.1831.
Hardin, Brig.-Gen. M. P. and staff, L.7338, L.7429, L.7430.
Harker, Brig.-Gen. C. G., 8.3079.
Harkins, Maj. D. H., 1st N Y. Cavalry, 8.3870.
Harney, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W 8., L.7928, S.1323.
Harris", Col.,S-1088. C
Harris, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T M., S.2023.
Barrison, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. Benjamin, 9.:i039.
Harrison, Lieut.-Col. A. L, 22d Ind. Infantry, 9.3776.
Harrow, Britj.-Gell. W., 9.3043.
Hart, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O. IP, t.7139.
Hnrtauff, Maj.-Gen. G. L., S.1534.
Hartsuff, Maj.-Gen. G. L. and stnff, L.7571.
Hartwell, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. C. A. (group), L.7194.
Haskin, Brig.-Gen. J. A., S.3217.
Hatch, Bvt. iVIaj.-Gen. E., C.4982.
Hatch, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. P. and staff, 8.3430.
Hatch, Col. W. B., 4th N. J. Infantry, 9.3740.
IL.thawav, Col. S. G., 141st N Y. Infantry, 9.1448.
Haupt, Brig.-Gen. H., S.1507
Hawe-, cunt. .las. P., !3»dN. Y. Infantry, 9.1597.
Hawkins, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. P., 9.3074.
Hawkins, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B.C. ,S. 1511.
Hawlev. Bvt, Brig.-Gen. \V. an. I staff. L.7813, L.7844.
Haws, Lieut. G. T., 7th N. Y S. M-, 9.1493.
Hayes, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., 8.3271.
Hayes, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R. B, 9.3002.
Hayman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. B., 9.3058.
Havs, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Alex.. S-1045, S.1961.
I lavs, Ci.pt. H. B.,0th U. 8. Cavalry, 8.2007.
Ha'vs, Brig.-Gen. W, S.1727. x.
Hays, Brig.-Gen. W. and start, L.7833, L.7877.
Hazard, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. S., C.4675.
Hazen, Maj.-Gen. W. B., 8.2120.
11- nkv, Maj. H. G., 05th N. Y. Infantry, 9.1421.
Heath, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. E..S.1361.
Heath, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. H., C.4488.
lledriek, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. -I. M., 9.2049.
Heintzelman, Maj.-Gen. 8. P., 8.1384.
Heintzelman! Maj.-Gen. .S. P. and staff, L.7839, S.028, S.2304.
Heniner, Maj. R. H., 8.3851.
Henry, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. V., S.3220.
Herron. Maj.-Gen. F. J., S.1002.
Hewitt (or Hawks). Surg. C. N., 50th N. Y. Engine.
Hidden, Lieut. H. B., 1st N. Y. Cavalry, 8.2135.
Higeins, Lieut.-Col. J., 1st Pa. Cavalry, S.13G8.
Hill, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. H..S.2046.
Hillyer, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. S., 8.1880.
Hints, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. W..S.1542.
Hitchcock, Msj.-Geu. E. A., S.2020.
Hobart, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. C, 8.3205.
H-ttman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. C, C.5103.
il..rfniaii, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. W., C.5154.
Horlinan, Bvt. Mai^-Gen. W-, L.72K8, JL.7079.
Holabird, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. B., C.4058.
Holliday, Maj. 9. V., paymaster, S.1793.
Holman, Maj. O., pavmaster, 8.1948.
Holston, Surg. J. G. F., 9.1908. t
Holt, Lieut.-Col. \V., :jist N. Y. Infantry, S.l.%_.
Hooker, Maj.-Gen. Joe,S.1922.
Hooker, Maj.-Gen. Joe (on horseback), C.4490.
Hooker, Maj.-Gen. Joe and staff, June, 1803, L.7950.
Hopkins, Lieut-Col. R. H., 8.1520.
Horn, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. W., C.4663.
Hough, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J^, C.4590.
Hovev, Brig.-Gen. A. P., S.3084.
Hovey, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C. E., 8.3219.
Howard, Maj. J., paymaster, 8.1^73, S.3S16,
Howard, Maj.-Gen. O. V., 8.371'.', 8.3788.
Howe, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. P., 9.1640.
Howell. Rri^.-Gen. J. B..S.2CG2.
Sowland, Paymaster M., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1580.
Hoyt, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. H., C.5162.
Hoyt, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. H. M., C.4722.
Hubbard. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. L. F., 8.3110.
Hubbard, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. H., C.5130.
Hudson, Lieut.-Col. E. McK., aide-de-camp, S.1776.
Huff, Capt,, L.73G1.
Huger, Capt. J. B., S.1692.
Hughston, Col. R. S., 144th N. Y. Infantry, 9.3759.
Humphreys, Maj.-Gen. A. A., S.234C.
Humphreys, Maj.-Gen. A. A. and staff, L.7397, L.7o81.
Hunt, Col., 9.1797.
Hunt, Bvt. Mnj.-Gen. H. J., Chief of Artillery, 8.1912.
!, L.7401.
HunCBrig.-Gem L. C, S.1541.
Hunter, Maj.-Gen. D., 8.1820.
Hunter, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. M. 0., C.4601.
Hurlburt, Maj.-Gen. S. A., S.178J.
Hurat, Maj. S. H., 8.1438.
Ilutehioson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. S., 8.3225.
Hyde, Col. B. N., 3d Vt. Infantry, S.3770.
Hyde, Lieut.-Col. W. B-, Oth N. Y. Cavalry, 9.1471.
iDgalls, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Rufus. 9.1569.
Innes, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. P., C.5172.
Irwine, Surg. C. K., 72d N. Y. Infantry, 8.279, 9.3821.
Jackson, Brig.-Gen. J. S., 9.2023.
Jackson, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. N. J.. 9.1413, 9.37'.i7, 8.3812.
Jackson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. M., 8.3723.
Jacob*, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F.,S.30l5.
James, Surg.. 8.3811.
Jameson, Adjt. A. H., 32d Pa. Infantry, 8.1837.
Jameson, Brig.-Gen. C. D., S.3817.
Jaueway, Col. H., 1st N. J. Cavalry, 8.1058.
Jay, Capt. \V,, aide-de-eamp, 8.2246.
JeKl, Maj. F„ 5r.tb N. Y. Intantry, S.1949.
Jenkins, Col. P. T„ 140th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1763.
Jewett, Col. A. B., 10th Vt. Infantry, S.21G5.
Jewelt, Col. W. N. J., 8.2164.
Johnson, Brig.-Gen. A., C.4592.
Johnson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. A., 8.1857, 8.2254.
Johnson, Maj. L. E.. paymaster, S.2194.
Johnson, Bvt. Maj.-Gen It. W., C.4098.
Johnston, Lieut.-Col. J W., 93d Pa. Infantry, 8.2183.
Jones, Col. C.,8.1937
Jones, Surg. Henrv S.1910.
.T,,nes, Col. Owen, 1st Pa. Cavalry, S.1938.
.I.»nes, Brig.-Gen. P. II. , S.3268.
Jones, Maj. R., Ass't. Insp.-Gen., 9.1736. 9.2195.
Jones, Maj. W. T-, 9.3850.
Jordan, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. J., C.4712.
Jourdan, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., S.1962.
Judali, BriK.-Gen. H. M., 8.1601.
Judson, Col. R. W., 142d N. Y. Infantry, 8.1414.
Judson, Col. E. Z. C., 8.1883.
Judaon, Surg. O. A., 8.3813.
Kane, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. L., 8.1847.
Karge, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J., S.1GI0.
Kautz, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. V., C.4575.
Kearnev, Maj.-Gen. P., 8.2209.
Keifer, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. W., C.4487.
Keim; Brig.-Gen. "W. H., 8.1886.
Kelly, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. B. F..S.1681.
Kelton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. C., 8.1427.
Keyes, Maj.-Gen. E. D., 8.1034.
Ki. man, Brig.-Gen. J. L., S.ir>5;!, 8.1759.
Kilpatriidi, Col., S.1918.
Kilpatiiek, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., S.:t4o, 8.311, S.1391.
Kilpatrlck, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. .1. and statt. L.7224, 8.7616.
Kimball, Lieut.-Col. E. A., 9th N. Y. Infantry, 8.3862.
Kimball, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. N., 8.1647.
Kimball, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. W. K., S.2G58.
King, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. H-, S.2609.
King, Brig.-Gen. R., S.3823.
King, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. S„ S.3273.
Kip, Maj. L., aide-de-camp, 8.1483.
Kirby.Bvt. Brig.-Gen. P. T., C.4472.
Kirk, Brig.-Gen. E. N.. 8.3237.
Knap, Bvt. Maj. J. M , Ind. Battery E, Pa^ ( Artillery. 8.1790.
Knight, Lieut.-Col. F. L., 24th N. J. Infantry, 8.1450.
Knight, Capt. 8. F.. 87th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1696.
Knipe, Brig.-Gen. J, F., S.15'.i2.
Knowles, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. O. B., C.4703
Koltes, Col. J. A.. 73d N. Y. Infantry, S.1734.
Kopp, Capt, William, 8.1839.
Kron, Capt. M„ 8th N. Y. Infantry, S.3861.
Krzyzanowski, Brig.-Gen. W., 8.1897.
Laflin, Maj.,S.ln32. m L
Laidley, Surg. J. B., 85th Pa. Infantry, 8.3844.
Lambert, Capt. I- J- Ass't Adjt.-Gen., 8.1618.
Lander, Brig.-Gen. F. W., 8.1314
Landram, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W J-, S.3081.
Lansing. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H. S., S.1595
LarnedTCapt. P. R., Ass't Adjt.-Gen., 8.1481.
I. arraV.ee, Col. V. H„ 5th Wi-e. Inti.ntry, S.2186.
Lawton, Col. R. B., 1st R. I. Cavalry, 8.3727
Leasure, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. P., C.4714.
Ledlie, Brig.-Gen. J. H., S.1770.
Lee, Brig.-Gen. A. L., 8.1803.
LefferL-, Col. M., 7th N. Y. 8. M 8.1069.
Le Gendre, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. W., 8.1527.
Leggett, Maj.-Gen. M. P., 8.2047.
Leggett, Maj.-Gen. M. P. and staff, L.7052
L-limniiri. (i.d. T F„ KKld Pa. Infantry, 8.3814.
Lemon, Mnj. Frank, 8.2140.
Liebenan^Adjt. .1. H , 7th N. Y.8. M.,8.106-1.
Lin.nl,,, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. W.S., C.5180.
Littell, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J.8., C.4718
Littk-jolin, Bvt. Brig.-G-n. D. < ., C.4662.
Locke, Bvt. Brig,Gen. F-T..S.2601.
Lockwood, Brig.-Gen. II. H.. 8.3104.
Logan, Maj.-Gen. John A.,8.1900.
Long, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E., C..M74.
Loomis, Bvt. Brig.-Gen . f O., C.5169. .._._.
Loomis Lieut.-Col. H. C. 154th N. Y Infantry, 9.3734.
Lord, Col. N.,0th Vt. Infantry. S.17J1.
Lord Col. W! B., 35th N. Y. Infantry, S.3782.
Love, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. M., 9.2043.
Low! I, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. 6., 8.3234.
Ludlow, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. B. C. (In group), 1.7098, L.7SBO.
Lvl", Bvt Brlg.-Gen. P.. 8.2018.
Lyman, Lieut-Col. G. H., Medfcal Inspector, 8.1344.
Lynch, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. P., C.4676.
Lyon, Col. G., 8th N. Y. 8. M., 8.2107, 8.2111.
Lyon, Brig.-Gen. N,, 0.4677.
Lyfcle, Brig.-Gen. W. H., C.4737.
McAllister, Bvt. Mai. -Gen. R., 8.3057.
McArthnr, Bvt. Maj.-Gen, J., S.Wl, 8.3223.
MeArthur, Bvt, Brfitv-Gen. w. M., 8.2627.
HeCabe, Mai. G. P., Kith Pa OBvalry, S.1617.
McCftll, Brig.-Gen. G. A., 8.1043.
MH'jillum, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D. C, 8.1489, 8.1920, S.3751.
McOilrnnnt, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. B., 8.1356.
MoOalmont, Col. J. 8,, 88th Pa. Infantry, 8.1809.
MoOandloBfl, Brlg.-Gen. w., 8.2648.
MeCarler, Col. J. M.,03'1 N. Y. Infantry, 8.2137.
Mccarty, Col,, S.19UJ.
MeClifHiHv, Col. W. W.,l'itli N. Y. Infantry, 8.17117.
Mei'lr-Han, Maj.-Gen. G. B., 8.1612.
McClolIan, Maj.-Gen. G. B. and Btaff, S.1M0, 0.4630, C.5051, C.44n0.
MoOlellan, MaJ.-Gen. G. B. and wife, S.1765.
McOlornand, Maj.-Gen. J. A., 8.2220.
McClure, MbJ. D,, paymaster, 8.1056.
MoCluro, Capt, J. W., Quartermaster, 8.1003.
McConihe, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., 8.1359.
Mrr.,,,1;, Mi.j. -fieri. A. MeH, L.72o1, S. 17-14.
McCook, Maj.-Gen. A. MeK rtml staff, L.720C, L.7GHCI, S.1023.
M.>('....|(, Bvt. Mni -Gen Iv J\I . , H.ui h if;, 8.2086.
MeDongall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen, C, 8.1709.
McDougnll, Bvt. Brig.-Grn. C. !>., S.13J", S.M49, 8.2060.
MeDongall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. D. and stall', C.4077.
McDowell, Maj.-Gen. I., 8.1630. 1
McGilvory, Ideut.-Col, F., 1st Me. Light Artillery, S.3021.
McGroarfcy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. J., S.2079.
MeIntHf.il', Bvt. Mii|.-Gf]i. J. B., 8.2056.
Mcintosh, Mill. J. D., 7th N. J. Infantry, 8.1050, 8.3777.
Mclvor, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. J. P., 0.6134.
Maelcny, Bvt. Brig.-Gen, A. J., 8.2061.
MeKoan, Col. J. B., 77th N. Y. Infantry, 8.2178.
McKeolnilo, Lieut. R., 9th N. Y. Infantry, S.1406.
McKoovor, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C, S.20G9.
MoKlbbln, Maj. T., S.3836.
McKiiiHtrv, Brig.-Gen. J., 8.3076.
McLaren, Bvt Brig.-Gen. R. N., S.3070.
McLaughlin, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. N. B.,S.2062.
MoLaughlin, Bvt. Brig.-Gon. N. B. and staff, L.7180, L.7201.
MoLean. Brig.-Gen. NT C, 8.2170.
MoMnhon, Col. J. P., With N. Y. Infantry, 0.4319.
McMahon, Bvt Brig -Gen. M. T., 8.2008.
McMillan, Surg. T.. 8.1583.
McMillon, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. W., 8.2041.
McNeil, Bvt Muj.-Gen. J., 8.1053.
McPhorson, Moj.-Gen. J. B.,S.2012.
McQuade, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., S.3624.
MeRcvnolds, Col. A. T.. Int. N. Y. Cavalry, S.MTs, S.3806.
Mndlll, Burg. W. A., 23d N. Y. Infantry, S.1419.
Mahler, Col. F.,7.Mh Pa. Infantry. 8.17*-, S.3743.
Mallon, Col. J. E.,42d N. Y. Infantry, 8.1622.
MalUBkl, Capt A., 88th N. Y. Infantry, 8.3778.
M undersoil, Bvt. Brig.-Gon. C. F-, S.3112.
Malik, Bvt. Brig.-iit.il. W. G., 8.3182.
Mnnn, Col. W. D., 7th Mioh. Cavalry, S.1614.
Manning. Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. B. B., S.3O08,
Mansfield, Maj.-Gen. J. K. F., 8.3033.
Maroy, Brig.-Gen. R. B., 8.3790.
Marrtner, Mai. Edward, 8.1019.
' "1, Bvt. Mm, ~
Marshall, Col. L. M., S.2167.
Marshall, ',
.-Gen. E. G., S.2174.
Marshall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. R., S.3009.
Marshm, Brig.-Gen. G., C.4677.
Martin, Surg. II. F., 123d Pa, Infantry, 8.1392.
Mnrtln, Maj. W. J., paymaster, S. 1970.
Martindnle, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. H„ S.37C7.
Mai-tindale, Bvt. Ma|.-Gen. J. H. and staff, 3.2435.
Marvin, (.'apt., S.1575.
Mason, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. C, 8.1801.
Mather, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. S., S.37-12.
Matheson, Col. R., 32d N. Y. Infantry, 8.3022.
Maxwell. Lieut-Col. W. C, 103d Pa.'lnlaiurv, S.1305.
Mav, Maj. Isaac M., 10th Ind. Infantry, S.1819.
Memle, Maj.-Gen. G. G., 8.1407.
Meade, Maj.-Gen. G. G. and staff, JL.7008, L.7099, L..7330, L.7367,
I..7518, 1.7957.
Meagher, Brig- -Gen. T. F..S.1038.
Meigs, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. M. ('.. Quartermaster-General, S.1333.
Meredith, Bvt. Maj.-Gen, S., S.2182.
Meredith, Brig.-Gen. 3. A., C.4679.
Merrill, Lieut-Col. C. B., 17th Me. Infantry, 8.1360.
Merrltt, Maj.-Gen. Wesley, S.ls:iti, S.18C5.
Merritt, Maj.-Gen. Wesley, and .staff, C.4064.
Merrow, Maj. J. M., 8.3846.
Mik-s, IV,|. 1>. S.,2.1 U.S. Infantry, S.2-241.
Miles, Maj.-Gen. N. A., S.187B, 8.2044.
Mllhun, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J, J., C.4790.
Miller, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. F., C.5155.
Miller, Brig.-Gen. S., C.4736.
Milroy, Maj.-Gen. It. H., 8.2225.
Miniy, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. It. H. G., C.M73.
Mintzer, Bvt. Brig.-iien. W. M-. 8.3229.
Mltt'hell, Maj.-Gen. 0. M., 8.2207.
Mitchell, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. G., B.2G.T4.
Mitchell, Brig.-Gen. R. B., 8.1680.
Mitchell, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. W. G., 8.2663.
Mix, Col. S. H-, 3d N. Y. Cavalry, 8.H20.
Mlzner, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. J. K-, S.2668.
Molineux, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. L., 0.4586.
Moor, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. A., 8.2651.
Moore, Lieut.-Col. 8., 11th K. J. Infantry, 8.1368.
Morehead, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. G., 8.580.
Morrell, Maj.-Gen. G. W., 8.1616.
Morrell, Maj. J. A., paymaster, 8.3839.
Morford, Capt. W. E., quartermaster, S.1433, S.182L
Morgan, Brig.-Gen. C. H., 8.2633.
Morgan, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. N., S.3834.
Morgan, Maj.-Gen. E. D.. S.3B76.
Morgan, Brig.-Gen. G. W., S.3061.
Morgan, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. D., S.3203.
Morris, Col. L. O., 7th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, S.2602.
Morris, Lieut.-Col. T., 4th U. S. Infantry, S.3769.
Morris, Bvt. Maj -Gen. W. H., S.lWfi, S.2212.
Morrison, Col. A. J., 3d N. J. Cavalry, 8.1806.
Morrison, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. D., 8.3105.
MorriBon, Sergt. J. J., 7th N. Y. S. M., 8.1486.
Morrow, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. A., 8.1505, S.1853.
Morse, Maj. E. 0., pay m aster, S.2167.
Morton, Brig.-Gen. .1. St. C, 0.5171.
Morton, Lieut.-Col. L., 8.1357.
Moses, Lieut.-Col. I., 72.1 N. Y. Infantry, S.1798.
Mott, Maj.-Gen. G., 8.2172.
Mr.tt, i (apt. T. P., 3d N. Y. Battery, S.1726, S.2100.
Mower, Maj.-Gen. J. A., 8.2037.
Mower, Maj.-Gen. J. A. and staff, L.4047.
Mulford, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. E., 8.2110, S.3374.
Muliek, Lieut.-Col, 8.1840.
Mulligan, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. A., S.2087.
Mundee, Maj. C, Ass't Adjt.-Gen., S.1524.
Munesly, Maj. C. H-, 8.1946.
Murphy, Col. J. Mil... l.'th N. Y. Engineers, S.1614.
Murphy, Col. M., 182d N. Y. Infantry, 8.1679.
Muasey, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. D., 8.2606.
Myer, Bvt. Brig.-Gon. A. J., C.4580.
Nagle, Brig.-Gen, J., 8.2623.
\aglee, Brip.-U.-h. II. M. ,8.2223.
Nazer, Lieut-Col. P.. 4th N. Y. Cavalry, S.1805.
Neill, Capt. E. M. t Ass't Adjt.-Gen., 8.1771.
Neill, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. H., 8.2629.
Nelson, Maj.-Gen. \V., 8.2063.
Newby, Maj. W., 6th Vt. Infantry, 8.1531.
Newton, Maj.-Gen. John,S.1557.
Nichols, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. G. F., S.1397.
Nichols, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. 8., S.1942.
Nichols, Maj. II. II.. 8.1618.
Norton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. B., L.7200, S.1352.
Nugent, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R., 8.3856.
Nye, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. H., S.2618.
O'Burne, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. R., S.3269.
O'Connell, Capt. J. D., 14th U. S. Infantry, S.3270.
O'Connor, Col. E., 2d Wise. Infantry, S.3863.
O'Dowd, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., 8.3208.
Oglesby, Maj.-Gen. R. J., S.1765.
Olcott, Maj. E., 121st N. Y. Infantry, S.1410.
Oliphant, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. D., S.3796.
Oliver, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. M„ S.2630.
Olmstead, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. A., S.3088.
O'Mahoney, Col. J., 40th N. Y. Infantry, S.2104.
Opdyke, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E., S.1965.
Opdyke, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. and staff, C.4333.
Ord, Maj.-Gen. E. O. C, S.20S1, S.J.l-4, S.3384.
Ord, Maj.-Gen. E. O. C. and staff', C.42un.
Ordway, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A., S.30H0.
Osterhaus, Maj.-Gen. P. J-, 8.1871.
Owen, Brig.-Gen. J. T., C.4483.
Owen, Lieut-Col. S. W. (caught napping), 3d Pa. Cavalry, S. 625
Packard, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.4735.
Page, Capt. H., quartermnster, 1.7090, L.7274.
Palfrey, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. W., C.4657.
Palmer, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. I. N., 8.1823.
Palmer, Maj.-Gen. J. M., C.5168.
Palmer, Capt., S.2198.
Pangborn, Maj. Z. K., paymaster, S.1097.
Parham, Lieut. -('e.1. 0., 29th Pa. Infantry, S.1342.
Parke, Maj.-Gen. J. G., S.H03.
Parmalee, Adjl. L. C, 2d U. S. Sharpshooters, S.1825.
Parsons, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. L. B., 8.2654.
Parsons, Lieut.-Col. J. B., 10th Mass. Infantry, S.1341.
Patrick, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R. A., L.7001, 8.1693.
Patrick, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. M. R. and staff, L,.7o7S, t.7238, L.7588.
Patten, Commissary Yv ., 7th N. Y. S. M., 8.1668.
Patterson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. N., S.2G06.
Patterson, Maj.-Gen. R., 0.4711.
Patterson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. E., C.4963.
Patten, Lieut.-Col. A. G., 1st N. Y. Mounted Rifles, S.1750.
Paul, Brig.-Gen. G. R., 0.4489.
Peard, Lieut.-Col. R., 9th Mass. Infautrv, S.1717.
Pearson, Bvt Maj.-Gen. A. L., 8.3210.
Pease, Ass'tSurg. P. C, Gth N. Y. Infantry, S.2206.
Peck, Maj.-Gen. J. J., S.1954.
Peck, Maj.-Gen. J. J. and staff, S.1907.
Peisener.Col. E., 119th N. Y. Infantry, S.3179.
Pelouze, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. L. H., C.4486.
Pennington, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. C. M., 8.3089.
Pennypacker, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G., C.4709.
Penrose, Brig.-Gen. W. H., S.2050.
Perkins, Lieut-Col. S. H., 14th Conn. Infantry, 8.1436.
Perley, Col. T. F., Medical Inspector, S.2163.
Perry, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. J., S.3721.
Perry, Col. J. IL, 48th N. Y. Infantry, S.1778.
Peites, Col. W. U., 50th N. Y. Engineers, S.2145.
Phelps, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. E., C.473-1.
Piatt, Brig.-Geu. A. S., S.3U87.
Pickett, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.5179.
Pile, Bvt Maj.-Gen. W. A., C.4733.
I'ineo, Surg. P., Medical Iiisju-etur, S.3840.
Plaisted, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. II. M., 8.3722.
Pleasants, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. II., S.2622.
Pleasontou, Maj.-Gen. A., L.7317, S.342, S.2215.
Pleasocton, Maj.-Gen. A. and ytaff, L.7Ui.'.9, L.73ii9, L.7603.
Plummer, Brig.-Gen. J. B., S.3215.
Poe, Brig.-Gen. O. M., S.1953.
Pollock, Lieut. E-, 9th U. S. Infantry, S.22O0.
Poore, Maj. Ben; Perley, Stli Mass. Volunteer Militia, S.1426.
Pope, Maj.-Gen. John, 8.2136.
Porter, Brig.-Gen. A., S.38'25.
Porter, Col. B., 40th Mass. Infantry, S.3754.
Porter, Maj.-Gen. Filz John, 8.2002.
Porter, Maj.-Gen. Fits John and staff, C.45G0.
Porter, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. 11., 0.4490.
Post, Col. H. A. V., 2d U. S. Sharpshooters, 8.3731.
Post, Bvt Brig.-Gen. P 8., S.3230.
Potter, Maj., 8.2193.
Potter, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. E., S.2056.
Potter, Surg. H. A., 60th N. Y. Engineers, S.38">2.
Potter, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. H., C.4491.
Potter, M;ij--Gen. R. B., S.1729.
Potter, Maj.-Gen. R. B. and Maff, C.4034.
Powell, Lieut.-Col. J. H., Oth R. I. Infantry, S.1343.
Pratt, Brig.-Gen. C. E., S.1719.
Pratt, Col. G., 80th N. Y. Infantry, S.1843.
Prentlergiist, Capt, R. G., 1st N. V. Cavalry, S.1492.
Prentice, Maj.-Gen. B. M.. S.2173.
Preston, Surg. A. W., 6th Wise. Infantry, S.3854.
Preston. Col. A. W., 1st Vt. Cavalry, 8.1751.
Price, Col. E, L., 145th N. Y. Infantry, S.13S8.
Price, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. P., S.1752.
Price, Capt. J., 7th W. Y. S. M., S.1533.
Pride, Col, G. G., aide-de-camp, 8.2260.
Prince, Brig.-Gen. H. ,8.22112.
Prine, Lieut, N., 17th U. S. Infantry, S.2199.
Puleston, Lieut.-Col. J. II., Military Agent of Pennsylvania, S.1937.
Pulford, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., 8.3209.
Putnam. Capt. Lee W., S.1705.
Quick, Surg. L., S.3838.
Quinn, Chaplain T., 1st R. I. Light Artillery, S.1780.
Ramsay, Bvt Maj.-Gen. G. P., S.1331.
Ramsay, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., C.4598.
Randall, Col. F. V., 13th and 17th Vt. Infantry, S.1445
Randall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. W., S.2626.
Raudol, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. A. M., S.1060.
Ransom, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. E. G., S.1581.
Ratlihon, Sergt.-Msj. R, C, 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1472.
Rawlins, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. A., Chief of Grant's staff, S.1758.
Rawlins, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. A., wife and child, 8.3016.
Razeuski, Maj. A., 31st N. Y. Infantry, S.2123.
Reitl, Brig.-Gen. H. T., S.2659.
Reno, Maj.-Gen. J. L., C.4680.
Revere, Brig.-Gen. J. W., S.17I8.
Reynold", Maj.-Gen. J. F-, 8.3044, S.3045.
Reynolds, Maj.-Gen. J. J., C.40BI.
Rice, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. W., C.4650.
Rice, Brig.-Gen. J. C, S.3025.
Rice, Brig.-Gen. 8. A., C.4659.
Riehardson, Maj.-Gen. i. B., S.816, S.3766.
Richardson, Col. R. H., 26th N. Y. Infantry, S.3724.
Richardaon, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. W. P., S.151U.
Richmond. Bvt. Brig.-Gen, L., 8.1351, S.ilM, S.1549.
Rickotts, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. B., 8.3714.
Kikell, Col. J, S.1971.
liinivtm, Brig.-Gen. T., S.1887.
Riker, Col. J. L., 62d N. Y. Infantry, S.2129.
Riley, Capt^ S.2197
Riley, Col. E., 40th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1898.
Ringold, Col. B., 103d N. Y. Infantry, S.3016.
Ripetti, Lieut.-Col. A., 39th N. Y. Infantry, S.1544.
Ripley, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. EL S.31i:i, S.3114.
Ripley, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. W., S.3213.
Roberts, Maj.-fren. B. 8., S.20S1.
Roberts, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C\ W., S.3758, S.3791.
Roberts, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.4721.
Roberts, Col. T. A., 17iti Me. Infantry, S.3761.
Robertson. Bit. Brig.-Gen. J. M., C.5I42.
Robinson, Adjt, H. F.,76th N. Y. Infantry, S.1S32.
Robinson, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. H. L..S.2082.
Robinson, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. C, 8.1465.
Robinson, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. S., 8.1529, 8.3756.
Robinson, Surg. J. W., 141st and 170th N. Y. Infantry, S.1434.
Rodman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. J., S.3093.
Rogers, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. H., C.4082.
Rogers, Surg. J. K., 8.3784.
Rogers, Lit.-ut.-Co). L. D., H'.th Pa- Cavalry, S.1441.
Root, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. R.. S.3214.
Rose, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. E., C.4717.
Rosecrans, Maj.-Gen. W. 8., S.2001.
Ross, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. S., S.:iS02.
Rougham, Surg., S.3a~<5.
Rousseau, Maj.-Gen. L. H.. 8.2026, S.2G05.
Rowley, Brig.-Gen. T., 8.3792.
Rucker, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D. H., C.4804.
Roger, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. H., S.1G73, S.3100.
Buggies, Bvt. Bris.-tien. G. L>. (in group), L.7957.
Runkle, Bvt Maj.-Gen. B. P., S.1762.
Runyon, Maj. N. M., 11th Pa. Cavalry, S.1984.
Rush, Surg. D. G., 101st Pa. Infantrj', S.2244.
Rusk, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. M., 0.4732.
Rushing, Bvt Brig.-Gen. J. F., 8.2610.
Russell, Bvt Brig.-Gen. C. S., S.3211.
Russell, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D. A., S.1746.
Rutherford, Brig.-Gen. F. S., S.3218
Ryder, Sergt. S. O., 7th N. Y. B. M., 8,1488.
Ryorson, Lieut.-Col. H. O., 10th N. J. Infantry, 8.2238.
Sabine, Maj. J. A..S.1435.
Sackett, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. D. B., S.1387, S.1670.
Sackett, Bvt Brig.-Gen. W. H., 8.1363.
Salm Salm, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F., S.3786.
Sanderson, Maj. J. M., aitle-de-eamp, S.16I5.
Sauford,Maj.-Gcn. C, W., N. Y.S. M..S.1310.
Sanford, Maj.-Gen. C. W. and staff", 8.1603.
Satterleo, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. R. S,,S.192, r ., 8.3864.
Savage, Lieut.-Col. H. 1>\, 2r.!h N. V. Infantry, S.2007.
Sawtelle, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. G-, 0.4470.
Saxton, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. R., 8.37 IJ.
Snyers, Surg. L. A., 8.1532.
Selieiieli, Maj.-Gen. R. C.,S.i:WH, S.2000.
Scheffer, Lieut-Col., S.2o85.
S.liiiniiielteniiig, Brig.-Gen. A., S.3042.
Stihoenf, Brig.-Gen. A., 8,3231.
Sehoil, Maj. L..S.1473.
Seln.iiiT, ('apt., 8.2106.
Sehulield, Bvt. Brig.-Gon, G. W., S.2055.
Bchofield, Maj.-Gen. J. M., 8.1944.
Schurz, Maj.-Gen. Carl, S.2608, S.3007.
Schwartz, Capt., the Hlmrpshooier, S.2423.
Sehwonk, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S, K..JL.7068.
Scott, Bvt. Lieut. -(.en. WiuficM. S.i;il;t.
Scott, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. R. K., S.21.32.
Scott, Bvt. Lieut-Gen. Winfield : >iai staff, B.3103, C.4552.
Serihm'r, Bvt. Brig.-tieu. B. F., S.UiiiS.
Scully, Chaplain T., Dth Mass. Inl illtry, S.19C0, 8.2102.
Seawell, Bvt Brig.-Gen. W., 8.1474.
So.Il;vi [ok, Maj.-Gen. J., 8.2177.
Seilgwiek, Mid-Gen. J. and staff. C.-I610.
S.llrJ.lge, Bvt. Brig. -lien. J. L..S.H61.
Setigcr, Lieut.-Col. A., 16lh N. Y. Heavy Artillery, S.2168.
Serrell, Bvt, Biig.-Gen. E. A., S.1772.
Sewall, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. D., S.3763.
Seymour, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T., S.3O04.
Sehackelford, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J. M., S.3055.
Shatter, Bvt Brig.-Gen. W. R., 8.21,0-1.
Shalcr, Bvt Maj.-Gen. A..S.1067.
Shanks, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. .1. P. C, 0.4731,
Sharps, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. H., C.45KS.
Sharpe, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J., S.3730.
Shaw, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., C.4730.
Shaw, Maj. W.M., 8.2188.
Shepley, Brig.-Gen. G. F., S.223G.
Sheridan, Maj. -(km. P. H., C.4016, C.4039.
Sli..Ti.lan. Maj.-fien. P. 11. and generals, L.404S.
Sherley, Capt. Z. M., S.1674.
Shennan, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. W., S.1626.
Sherman, Lieut-Gen. W. 'I'., S.2002, S.2U17.
Sherman, Lieut-Gen, W. T. and generals, s.1090, L.4067.
Sherman, Lieut.-Gen. W. T. and stall', L.7063.
Shields, Brip.-Gen. J., S.UOCO.
Shiras, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A.. 8.3050.
Shreve, Maj. J. E., 132.1 Pa. Infantry, S.1440.
Shriver, Lieut.-Col. R. O., S.1340.
Shumway, Capt. H. C, 7th N. Y. S. M., S.I600.
Sibley, Bvt Maj.-Gen. H. H., 0.468:!.
Sickel, Bvt. Mnj.-Gen. H. G., C.4700.
Sickles, Maj.-Gen. L. E., 8.1702.
Sickles, Maj.-Gen. D. E. and staff, S.1754.
Sfdell, Bvt Brig.-Gen. W. H., 8.2615.
Sigel, Maj.-Gen. Fran/., 8.1512.
8igfned,Bvt. Brip;.-Gen. J. K-, 8.2621.
Simmons, Surg. M. E., 22d Mass. Infantry, S.1442.
Simpson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. H., 8.1993.
Simpson, Surg. G. R. F., 62d N. Y. Infantry, S.3805.
Sinclair, Col. W., 36th Pa. Infantry, 8.1540.
Sleeper, Capt. J. H., 10th Mass. Bitttery, L.7085, L.7086, L.7683.
Slemmer, Brig.-Gen. A. J., 8.1536.
Slocum, Maj.-Gen. H. W., 8.1876.
Slocum, Maj.-Gen. II. W. and staff, L.4046.
Slough, Brig.-Gen. J. B., 8.2226.
Smafiey, Col. H. A., 6th Vt. Infantry, S.3729.
Smith, Lieut., L.7606.
Smith, Maj.-Gen. A. J., C.4805.
Smith, Bvt Brig.-Gen. B. P., S.1711.
Smith, Maj.-Gen. C. F., 8.1783.
Smith, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. C. H , S.3065.
Smith, Col. G. F., Gist Pa. Infantry, 8.1369.
Smith, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. E., S.3050.
Smith, Maj. M. W., 8.2190.
Smith, Brig.-Gen. T. C. H.. S.1347.
Smith, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. K , S.1870.
Smith, Maj.-Gen. W. F., S.21011, S.2243.
Smith, Maj.-Gen. W. F. and staff, 0.4038.
Smyth, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. T. A., S.3048.
Snider, Lieut-Col. S. W., 4th W. Va. Cavalry, 8.1455.
Snodgrass, Maj., S.380O.
Spaiglit, Capt. W. A., 7th N. Y. S. M., 8.1672.
Spaulding, Maj. C. F-, 15th Vt Infantry, 8.1396.
Spear, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. P., S.3072.
Sprngne, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. B. K-, C.5181.
Bprague, Bvt. Hi&Gen. J. w., S.1934.
Spragtio, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. ,1. W. and stntr, L.4049.
Spragm-, Brig.-Gen. W., 8.3873.
Spoiled, livl. Brig -fJcii .1 l'..S.1318.
Stafford, Lieut-Col S. H., 11th N. Y. Infantry, 9.2144.
Stager, Bet. Brig.-Gen. Anson, S.1143.
HtafieJ, MiiJ.-Gen. J., 8.151)4.
Stanley, Maj.-Gen. D. 8., C.4503.
Slannard, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. G. J., 8.3047.
Starkweather, Brig.-Gen, J. C., 6.1C82.
Btarr, Col. B. II., 6th N. J. Infantry, S.2140.
Starring, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. O., 8.1577.
Slendmiiii, livt. Brig.-Gen. G. A., S.3115.
Stobblns, IS. N., storekeeper, 8.3822.
Steedman, MaJ.-Gen. J. B., S.2024.
Htfi-dfin.il, Mnj.-Gen. .1. B. and staff, C.405'J.
Sterling, Lieut. C. R., S.1803.
Stevens, Bvt Brig.-Gen. A. F., C.4729.
Stevons, Col. W. 8.. 126 K. Y. Infantry, 8.1606, S.1845.
Stile.'., Col. .1. W., 83d N. Y. Infantry, S.1499.
Stokes, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. B., C.4728.
Stone, Brig.-Gen. C. I'., S.1380.
Stone, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. G. A., S.2G57.
Stono, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. It., 8.3103,
Srone, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. M., C.4651.
Stonomnn, Maj.-Gen. G., S.437, 8.1682, S.3815.
Stone man, MaJ.-Gen. G. and stall, S.43G, S.MS, S.445, S.G96.
Storm, Gen., 8.1322.
Btough, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W C.4594.
Slougiiton, Brig.-Gen. E. II., 8,2130.
Btoughton. Lieut-Col. II. K„ 2d U. S. Sharpshooters, S.lG2n.
Htuughton, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. L-, C.4727.
Stratton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. F. A., C.4719.
Sfrelglit, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. D., 8,1760.
Slr-.ng, Mn|.-Goii.G. C, S.Hsn, S.-J21".
Strong, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. E., C.4595. -
Strong, Brig. -I ion. W. K., C.4987.
fltrotlior, Bvt. Brig.-Gen, D. 1L, S.3723.
Blryker, Ma). W. S„ paymaster, 8.1031.
Stuart, Col, 0. II., 6(Jth N. Y. Engineers, S.184C, 8.2143.
HhirglN, Mftf.-Gen, B. 1).,S.3842.
Sullivan, Col. T., 24th N. Y. Infantry, S.1810, S.3744.
Sully, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A., C.4947.
Sumner. MnJ.-Gen. E. v., S.2227.
Button, Chaplain J. F., Ki2d N. Y. Infantry. 8.2183.
Swain, Col. ,1. B., lit)] N. Y. Cavalry, S.1-IU1, S.3752.
Swiiyno, Bvt. Mui.-Con. W. ,8.3207.
Sweoney, Brig.-Gen. T. W. ,9.2127.
Swoot, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. B. J,, 8.1733.
SweitKer, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. B., 8.1721.
Rweit/.er. Bvt. Brig.-Gen. K. B., C.4904.
Sykos, MaJ.-Gen. G,, 8.1417.
Till ley, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. W. C, 8,1539.
Taploy, Col. R. P., 27(h Mo, Infantry, 9.1422.
Tamian, LteutrCol. B, P., 1st Col. Cavalry, S.1858.
Taylor, Brig.-Gen. G. W., 8.1828.
Taylor. Brig.-Gen. N., 9.1800.
Telford, Col. W. H., 5nth I'a. Infantry, L.7281.
Tenner, Lieut, L., BOtll N. Y. Infantry. 9.1528.
Terry, Mnl.-Geu. A. H., C.4578.
Terry, Maj.-Gen. A. H. and staff, C.4051.
Terry, Maj. C. L., 13th N. Y. Infantry, S.19S1.
Tevis, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. C., 8.1420.
Thayer, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. J. M., C.4700.
Thomas, MaJ.-Gen. G. C, 8.1563.
Thomas, Maj.-Gen. Geo. H., S.2H22, S.2607.
Thomas, Bvt. Mai. -Gen. L., 8.1330.
Thomas, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. M. T., S.3232.
Thourot, Lieut.-Col. L., 66th N. Y. Infantry, S.2147.
Til. I. ill-, Bvt. Maj.-iien. W. B„ S.2GG7.
Tldball, Bvt. Maj.-Gon. J. C, C.4685.
TIltorj.Bvt. Brig -Geii.W.S., 9.1785.
Titus, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. II. B,, S.1345.
Todd, Capt J. B. S., Oth U. S. Infantry, 8.1336.
Todd, Col. J. G., 3.1th N. Y. Infantry, S.1941.
Tompkins, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. H-, C.4685.
Tompkins, Col. G. W. B., 82d N. Y. Infantry, S.1402.
Torbert, Bvt Maj.-Gen. A. T. A., S.1424, S.1904.
Tot ton, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J., S.2C64.
Totten, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. G., 8.1554.
Tourtelotte, Bvt. Brig -Gen. J. E., C.4502.
Townsend, Gen., 8.2213.
Townsend, Lleut.-Col. C, 106th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1659.
Townsend, Bvt. MaJ.-Gen. E. D., S.1860, 8.3765.
Tracy, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. B. F., S.1507.
Trowbridge, Bvt. Maj.-Gon. L. S., S.1394.
Truex, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. \Y. S., S.3222.
Tucker, Lieut.-Col. I. M., 2d N. J Infantry, 8.2131.
Turner, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J. W., C.4589.
Tuthill, Ass't Surg., 7th N. Y. S. M., 9.1584.
Tuttle, Brlg.-Gen. J. M., C.4G52.
Tuttle, Col. O. L., 6th Vt, Infantry, S.1802.
Tyler, Brlg.-Gen. Daniel, 1629.
Tyler, Bvt. Mal.-Gen. E. B., S.1437.
Tyler, Bvt. Mal.-Gen. R. O., 8.1383.
Tyler, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. R. O. and staff, L.7377, Ii.7f.04.
Tyndale, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. II., C.4704,
Ullman, Bvt. MaJ.-Gen. D., 8,1530.
Underwood, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. A. B.. S.2045.
ITphnin, Maj. C. L., 8th Conn. Infantry, S.1411.
Upton, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E.,S.1&35.
Vallee, Lieut.-Col. F., S2d I'a. Infantry, S.214G.
Van Allen, Brig.-Gen. J. H., 8.2122.
Van Cleve, Bvt. Maj.-Gen., C.5170.
Vanderbilt, Lieut. G. W., 10th U. S. Infantry, 8.2250.
Vandever, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W., C.4G8G.
Van Elten, Surg. B., 66th N. Y. Infantry, S.3831.
Van Ness, Lieut 8.2261.
Van Ness, Capt. W. W., quartermaster, S.1924.
Van StelniMusen. Lieut-Col. A., 68th N. Y. infantry, S.178G.
Van Vliet, Bvt. Mnj.-Gen. S., S.220C.
Van Wedell, Maj. C., 08ih N. Y. Infantry, S.1836.
Varney, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. G., S.3802.
Viele, Brig.-Gen. E. L., 8.1676,
Vincent, Col. S., 83d Fa. Infantix S.3188.
Vincent, Bvt, Brig.-Wen. T. M., C.4509.
Virgin, Col. W. WT, 2nd Me. Infantry, S.1850.
Von Amsberg, Col. G. ,45th N. Y. Infantry, S.3243.
Von Forstner, Maj. 3., 3d N. J. Cavalry, 8.1935.
Von Gilsa, Col. L., 41et N. Y. Infantry, 9.2629.
Von Penchelstein, Maj., 4th N. Y. Cavalry, 9.1882.
Von Bohrader, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A., C.5105.
Von Shack, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G., C.4981.
Von Steinwebr, Brig.-Gen. A., S.1415, S.2128.
Voris, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. C, 8,1829.
Wndsworth, Brig.-Gon. J. 8., S.2064.
AVadsworth, Brig.-Gen. J. 8. and staff, L.7972.
Waite, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. A., 8.2G70.
Waleutt, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. C. C, 8.1928.
Wnlcutt, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. C. C. nnd staff, L.7002,
Walker, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. M. B.,S.3238.
Walln.-e, Maj.-iien. Lew. S.J211.
Wnllace, Brig.-Gen. W. II. L,, C.4C87.
Ward, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. G. H., C.5183.
Ward, Brig.-Gen. J. II. II., S.1W3, 8.1878.
Ward, Lieut.-Col. W. G., t^tb N. Y. S. M., S.16G1.
Ward, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. T., L.4056.
Ward, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. W. T. and stnlT, L.40G3.
Warner, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. A. J., C.47U8.
Warner, Brig.-Gen. J. M., S.308G.
Warren, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. F. H., C.4C53, C.4G88.
Warren, Maj.-Gen. G. K., 8.1757.
Washburn, Col. C., 8.1849.
Washburn, Mnj.-Gen. C. C, C.4726.
Washburn, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. F., C.515C.
Wa-hl.iirii, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. H. D., C.4725.
Washington, (V.I. P. G. ,8.1739.
Watkins, Brig.-Gen. L. D., 8.1722.
Watson, Maj. A. B., 8th Mich, Infantry, 8.1931.
Way, Lieut.-Col. W. B., Bth Mich. Cavalry, S.1339.
WeLb, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. S., S.1933.
Webb, Maj. M. F., paymaster, S.2191.
Weber, Brig.-Gen. M., C.4689.
"Webster, Col. F., 12th Mass. Infantry, S.2185.
Webster, Bvt, .Maj.-Gen. .1. D., S.2G11.
Weiss, Capt. A., 41st N. Y. Infantry, S.2261.
Weiss, Lleut.-Col. P., 20th N. Y. Infantry, 8.1537.
Woitzel, Maj.-Gen. Godfrey, S.2030.
"Weitzel, Maj.-Gon. Godfrey and staff, L.4066, L.4079.
"Weilman, Lieut.-Col. A. J., 85th N. Y. Infantry, S.1804.
Wells, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. G. D., S.1364.
Wells, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W., S.2G35.
Welsh. Brig.-Gen. T., 8.3171.
Wessells, Brig.-Gen. H. W., C.4494.
West, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. G. W., S.303G.
West, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. It, M., S.2152.
W.-sthrook, I.ieut.-Ci.l, ('. D., 120th N. Y. Infantry, S.1354.
Weston, Chaplain S. H., 7th N. Y. S. M., 8.1G74.
Wheaton, Bvt, Maj.-Gon. P., 9.2C19.
Wherry, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. W. M., 9.30S3.
Whipple, Maj.-Gen. A. W., S.2632.
Whipple, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. D., C.4574.
Wlnte, Lieut., S.-JiMs.
White, Lieut.-Col. Nelson, 1st Conn, Artillery, S.2214.
White, Lieut.-Col. A. H., 6th N. Y. Cavalry, 8.1338.
White, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. C. B., S.3227.
White, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. J., S.2221.
White, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. and staff, L.7562, L.7845.
Whiting, Maj. C. ,1., 2d O. S. Cavalry, S.1416.
Whittaker, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. E. W., S.2040.
Whittlesey, Col. F. W., 1st Miob. Infantry, S.1945.
Wickstead, Lieut. J., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.16G6.
Wilcox, Col. V. M., 132d Pa. Infantry, 8.1409.
Wild, Brig.-Gen. E. A., C.5159.
Wilder, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. T., C.5175.
Wiley. Maj. W. M.. poymaster, 8.3837.
Wilkeson, Lieut.-Col. S. H., 11th N. Y. Cavalry, S.1742.
Willard, Col. G. L., 125th N. Y. Infantry, S.1625.
Willard, Maj. J. ('., aide-de-camp, 8.1452.
Wiltcox, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. O. B. and staff, t.7067, L.7526, L.7527,
S.2440.
Willett, Col. J. H., 12th N. J. Infantry, S.1833.
Williams, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A. S., S.2179.
Williams, Lieut.-Col. D. A., 136th Ohio Infantry, S.I795.
Williams, Bvt. Brlg.-Gen. J. M., C.4596.
Williams. Bvt, Brig.-Gen. R., S.3067.
Williams, Col. S. J., 19th Indiana Infantry, 9.1478.
Williams, Brig.-Gen. T..S.3191.
Williamson, Bvt, Maj.-Gen. J. A., C.4G54.
Williamson. Capt. R. S., U. S. Engineers, 8.2262.
Willieh, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. A., C.4669.
Wilson, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. J., S.19G6.
Wilson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. J. G., S.1S15, S.1868.
Wilson, Maj.-Gen. J. H., 8.2074-
Wilson, Maj.-Gen. J. H. and staff, C.4181.
Wilson, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. (in group), L.7957.
Wilson, Bvt, Brig.-Gen. W., S.1382.
Winchester, Quartermaster L. W., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1594.
Winslow, Maj., S.2257.
Winslow, Chaplain G., 5th N. Y. Infantry, S.1592.
Winthrop, Bvt, Maj.-Gon. F., 8.1927.
YVisewaH. Bit. Brig. -Gun M. N., 9.3747.
Wisiar, Brig.-Gen. I. J., C.4705.
Wood, Col. A. M., 84th N. Y. Infantry, S.2133.
Wood, Maj.-Gen. T. J., 8.1695.
Wood, Maj. W. H., 17th U. S. Infantry, S.3830.
Woodbury, Chaplain A., 1st R. I. Infantry, S.1639.
Woodbury, Col. L». A., 4th Mich. Infantry, 8.378G.
Woodford, Bvt. Brig.-Gon. S. L., C.5098.
Woodruff, Col. W. E., 2d Ky. Infantry, S.2249.
Woods, Bvt Maj.-Gen C. R., S.2636.
Woodward, Lieut.-Col. G. A., 31st Pa. Infantry, S.1405.
Wool, Maj.-Gen. J. E., 9.1318.
Woolsey, Lieut. C. W., I..7103.
Worth, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. W. J., S.1310.
Worthington,Surg. W. H.,G3d Pa. Infantry, 9.3811.
Wright, Col. D. R., 15th Conn. Infantry, 8.3750.
Wright, Col. E. H.. aide-de-camp, S.3799.
Wriu'ht. Maj.-Gen. H.G..S.1781.
Wright, Maj.-Gen. H. G. and staff, C.4570.
Wyndham, Col. Percy, 1st K. J. Cavalry, 8.1905, 9.37G2.
Wynkoop, Col. J. E., lintlj Pa. Cavalry, S.1818.
Yeoman, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. B., S.2669.
York, Lieut, J. S., 5th N. Y'. Infnntry, 8.1G99.
Young, Lieut. J. B., 7th N. Y. S. M., S.1G15.
Young, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. B. M., C.471G.
Zagony, Col. C, aide-de-camp, 9.3858.
Z.»r.k. Maj. P. J..S.1622.
Zook, Bvt. Maj.-Gen. S. K., 9.1500.
Zulick, Bvt. Brig.-Gen. S. M., C.4496.
REGIMENTS AND BATTERIES.
Colorado Cavalry.
1st. Lieut.-Col. S. F. Tappan, S.1858.
Connecticut Cavalry.
1st. Col. E. W. Whittaker, S.2040.
Connecticut Heavy Artillery.
1st. At Fort Richardson, Va.:
—Officers of regiment, C.4534.
—Interior of Fort Richardson, C.4547.
— Camp at Fort Richardson, C.4552.
At Fort Darling, James Riocr, Va., April, 1865 :
—Officers or regiment, S.O, S.ll.
—Officers' quarters, S.lllM, S.ll.ir., S.1139, 9.1141.
—Band, S.1129.
—Lieut.-Col. Nelson White, S.2214.
Connecticut Infantry.
3d. Company — , C.4129.
lltli. Col. G. A. Steadman, S.3115.
14th. Lieut.-Col. S. H. Perkins, S.1436.
15th. Col. D. R. Wright, 8.3750.
Maj. C. L. Upham, S.1411.
20th. Col. S. Ross, S.3082.
22d. Col. G. S. Burnham, 9.1477, S.3736.
District of Columbia Cavalry.
District of Columbia Infantry.
2d. Col. C. N. Alexander, S.21S5, 8.3755.
Lieut.-Col. W. O. Drew, S.13G2.
Illinois Cavalry.
9th. Col. A. G. Bracke t, S.1649.
12th. Col. H. Davis, S.K*.5.
Illinois Light Artillery.
2d. Col. T. S. Mather, S.3742.
Illinois Infantry.
23d. Col. J. A. Mulligan, 8.2087.
36th. Officers of regiment, C.4331.
58th. Col. W. P. Lynch, C4676.
59th. Col. P. S. Post, 8.3230.
72d. Col. F. A. Starring, S.1577.
105th. Col. D. Dustin, 8.3847.
Indiana Cavalry.
3d, Detachment at headquarters Army of Potomac, November,
1864, I. .7023.
Ass'tSurg. L. Brusie, 8.1889.
Indiana Infantry.
7th. Col. I. G. Grover, 8.1677.
Col. J. P. C. Shanks, C.4731.
Lieut.-Col. W. C. Bnnta, S.1794.
Oth. Company C, C.4096, C.4728.
ISth. Col. H. D. Washburn, C.4725.
19th. Col, S. J. Williams, S.147S.
Lieut.-Col. W. W. Dudley, S.2625.
Maj. I. M. May, S.1819.
22d. Lieut.-Col. A. I. Harrison, S.3776.
32d. Maj. W. G. Mauk, S.3182.
33d. Col. John Colburn, C.4738.
38th. Col. B. F. Scribner, S.30G3.
44th. Company H, C.433S.
Company — , C.4335, C4342.
Company — , C.4337, C.4340.
fllst. Col. A. D. Streight, S.1760.
70th. Col. B. Harrison, S.3039.
138th. Col. Jasper Packard, C.4735.
Iowa Infantry.
8th. Col. J. L. Geddes, S.30G4.
13th, Col. J. Wilson, S.1966.
15th. Col. J. M. HedricU, S.2049.
19th. Exchanged prisoners, after release from Camp Ford,
Texas, L.3010, L..3028, L.3029, L.3030.
23d. Col. W. M. Stone, C.4G51.
33d. Col. S. L. Glasgow, C.4648.
25th. Col. G. A. Stone, 8.2657.
29th. Col. T. H. Benton, C.4644.
34th. Col. G. W. Clark, C.4G45.
Kentucky Infantry.
2d. Col. W. E. Woodruff, S.2249.
19th. Col. W. J. Landran, 8.3081.
Maine Cavalry.
1st. Col. C. H. Smith, S.3065.
Lieut.-Col. J. P. Cilley, C.5160.
Battalion MCaine Light Artillery.
1st. Lieut.-Col. J. A. Hall, 8.2637.
Lieut.-Col. F. McGilvery,S.3021.
Maine Infantry.
2d. Camp Jamison, near Washington, D. C, C.4547, C.4548,
C.4130.
Col. C. W. Roberts, S.3758, S.3791.
Col. G. Varney, S.3802.
3d. Lieut.-Col. E. Burt, 8.3779.
5th. Col. C. S. Edwards, S.1609.
Surg. B. F. Buxton, S.1389.
7th. Col. E. C. Mason, S.1S61.
8th. Col. W. M. McArthur, S.2637.
10th. Group of officers, Cedar Mountain, Va., Augusi, 18G2.
8.509.
11th. Col. H. M. Plaiated, S.3722.
12th. Col. W. K. Kimball, 8.2658.
17th. Col. T. A. Roberts, S.3761.
Col. G. W. West, 8.3036.
Lieut.-Col. C. B. Merrill, S.1360.
19th. Col. F. E. Heath, S.1361.
23d. Col. W. W. Virgin, 8.1853.
27th. Col. R. P. Tapley, 9.1422.
29th. Col. G. H. Nye, S.26I8.
30th. Col. T. H. Hubbard, C.5136.
Lieut.-Col. G. W. Randall, 8.2629.
Maryland Cavalry.
3d. Col. C. C. Tevis, S.1420.
Maryland Infantry.
4th. Col. R. N. Bowerman, S.2652.
6th. Col. J. W. Horn, C.4663.
7th. Col. Charles E. Phelps, C.4734.
8th. Col. A. W. Denniaon.
Massachusetts Cavalry.
1st. At headquarters Army of Potomac, Autpat, 1854*.
—Officers of Companies C and D, L.7390, L.7490.
— Officers and non-commissionea officers of Companies C and
D, L.7354, L.7391.
—Company C, L.7295.
—Company D, L.7392, L.7476.
—Capt. E. A. Flint, L.7403.
3d. Col. T. E. Chickering, 8.3092.
4th. Col. F. Washburn, C.5156.
Massachusetts Artillery.
3d. Officers in Fort Totten, Va., 8.1115.
—Officers and men, 8.1166, 8.1167, 8.1190, 8.1227.
—Col. W. 8. Abert, 8.3178.
Fort Totten, near Washington, D. C:
—Officers of Companies A and B, L.7261, L.7678, L.7G81.
— Sergeants of Company A, L.7263.
— Sergeants of Company B, L.7687.
Fort Stevens, near Washington, D. C;
— Officers of Companies F and K, L.7282, L.769G.
—Company F, L.7744, L.78"3, L.7017.
—Company K, L.7692, L.7746, L.7807.
Fort Lincoln, near Washington, V. C.t
— Company H, L.7874,
Massachusetts Heavy Artillery.
4th. Col. W. 8. King, 8*8273.
Massachusetts Battery.
10th. Officers, L.7085, L.7086, L.7089, L.7683.
Massachusetts Mllltla.
8th. Mb). Ben; Perley Foore, 8.1420.
Massachusetts Infantry.
2d. Col. W. Cogswell, 8.2029.
MaJ. W. Dwlght, S.lflll, 8.1814.
9th. GroupB of officers, C.4101, O.4102.
Father Scully holding mass in camp, C.413L
Col. T. Case, 8.3774.
Col. P. R. Guiney, 8.3096.
Lieut-Col. It. Peimi. S.17I7.
Chaplain T. Scully, 8.1990, S.2192.
10th. Camp near Washington, D. C. 8.2421.
Lieut-Cot. J. I). Parsons, 8.1341.
11th. Col. W. Hloin dell, 8.3111.
12th. Col. F. Webster, 8.2185.
Surg. J. H. Baxter, 8.3833.
16th. Col. G. H. Ward, C.5183.
Lieut.-Col. G. C. Joslin, 0.6190.
Burg. 8. F. Haven, C.5193.
Lieut. J. W. Grout, C.6191.
Lieut. T. J. Spurr, C.6192.
19th. Col. A. F. Devereaux, 8.3066.
22d. Col. H. Wilson, C.4693.
Col. W.8. Tllton,S.1786.
Surg. M. E. Simmons, 8.1442.
24th. Col. A. Ordway, 8.3080.
25th, Co). Josiah Pickett, C.5179.
28th. Officers of regiment, L.7760.
34th. Col. W. 6. Lincoln, C.6180.
Col.G.D. Wells, S.1364.
MaJ.H. W.Pratt, C.5186.
36th. Lieut.-Col. A. A. Goodell, 0.5182.
40th. Camp near Miners' Hill, Vs., C.4278, 0.4357.
Col. G. V. Henry, 8.3220.
Col. B. Porter, 8.3764.
51st, Col. A. B. B. Sprague, 0.5181.
54th. Col. E. N. Hallowell, 8.2665.
Michigan Cavalry,
1st. Col. T. F. Broadhead, 8.1958.
3d. Col. J. K. Mizner, 8.2068.
5th. Lieut-Col. E. Gould, S.1439.
7th. Col. W. D. Mann,S.1644.
9th. Lieut-Co). W. B. Way, 8.1339.
10th. Co). L. 8. Trowbridge, 8.1394.
Michigan Infantry.
1st. Col. I. C. Abbott, 8.1469.
Col, F. W. Whittlesey, S.1S4.'..
4th. Col. D. A. Woodbury, 8.3786.
Capt S. De Golyer, 8.1992.
6th. Col. J. Pulford, 8.3209.
8th. MaJ. A. B. Watson, 8.1931.
11th. Col. W.L.Stoughton, 0.4727.
12th. Headquarters, C.4603, C.4Q11.
15th. Col.F. S. Hutchinson, 8.3225.
21st. Officers of regiment, C.4103.
Company B, C.4101.
Company D, 0.4099.
Company E, C.4100.
Company — , C.4092.
Company — , C.4760.
84th. Col. H. A. Morrow, 8.1505, 8.1853.
Minnesota Cavalry.
2d. Col. R. N. McLaren, 8.3070.
Minnesota Infantry.
l Ht . Col. George N. Morgan, 8.3834.
Lieut.-CoT. C. P. Adama, S.1749.
5th. Col. L. F. Hubbard, 8.3110.
7th. CoLW.R. Marshall, 8.3069.
8th. Col. M. T. Thomas, 8.3232.
Missouri Light Artillery.
2d. Lieut.-Col. G. W. Bchofield, 8.2656.
Missouri Infantry.
15th. Col. J. Conrad, 8.2661.
New Hampshire Infantry.
Bd. Co). J.N. Patterson, 8.2866.
MaJ. F. 8. Fisk, 8.3849.
flth. Col. E. E. Cross, 8.1983.
Maj. W. W. Cook, 8.1929.
Adjt. C. O. Dodd, 8.1838.
9th. Col. H.B. Titus, 8.1346.
13th. Col. A. F. Stevens, 0.4729.
New Jersey Cavalry.
1st. Col. M. H. Beaumont, 8.1943.
Col. H. Janeway, 8.1658.
Col. P. Wyndham, 8.1905, 8.3762.
2d. Co). J. Earge, 8.1616.
3d. Col. A. J. Morrison, 8.1896.
Col. A. C. M. Pennington, 8.3089.
Maj. 8. Von Forstner, 8.1935.
New Jersey Infantry*
lBt. Col. M. W Collet, 8.1363.
2d, Lieut.-Col. I. M. Tucker, S.2131.
Lieut-Col. 8. L. Buck, 8.1706.
4th. Col. W. B. Hatch, 8.3746.
Col. J. H. Simpson, 8.1993.
Lieut-Col. C. Ewing, 8.1646.
5th. Col. S. H. Starr, 8.2140.
6th. Col. G. C. Burling, 8.3102.
7th. Col. F.Price, S.1762.
Maj. J. D. Mcintosh, 8.1960, 8.3777.
8th. Col. John Ramsay, C.4698.
9th. Col. A. Zabriskie, 0.5136.
10th. Lieut-Col. H. 0. Ryerson, S.2238.
Hth. Lieut-Col. S. Moore, 8.1368.
12th. Col. J. H. Willett, 8.1833.
13th. Col. E. A. Carmen, 8.1386.
14th. Col. W. 8. Truex, 8.3222.
24th. Lieut-Col. F. L. Knight, S.1456.
25th. Col. A. Derrom, 8.3741.
28th. Col. M.N. Wisewell, 8.3747.
31st. Col. A. P. Berthond, 8.3738.
Lieut-Col, W. Holt, 8.1337.
New Mexico Cavalry.
1st. Col. Kit Carson, 8.2620,
New York Mounted Rifles.
1st. Lieut-Col. A. G. Patton, 8.1760.
New York Cavalry.
1st, Col. A. T. MeReynolds, 8.1678, 8.3806.
Capt. D. Harkins, 6.3870.
Capt R. G. Prendergrast, 8.1492.
Lieut. H. B. Hidden, 6.2135.
2d. Col. A. M. Bandol, 8.1660.
Maj. A. N. Duffie, 8.2154.
3d. Col.S.H. Mix, 8.2120.
Lieut-Col. F. Nazer, 8.1805.
Maj. A. Von Peucheistein, 8.1882.
Col, John Hammond, C.4980.
Col. Amos H. White, 8.1338.
7 th. On parade, and camp near Washington, 0.4543.
9th, Col. G. 8. NicholB, 8.1942.
Lieut-Col. H. B. Hyde, 8.1471.
Lieut-Col. W. Sackett, 6.1363.
nth.
13th. Prospect Hill, Va., near Washington, D. C:
— Regiment on inspection, L.7735.
—Field and staff officers, L.7723, I..7726, L.7738.
—Officers of regiment, L.7185, I..7734.
— Non-commissioned staff officers, L.7740.
—General view of camp, L.7218, L.7733, L.7737, L.7739.
— Headquarters in camp, L.7722.
— Signal station in camp, L.7736.
16th. Col. N. B. Sweltzer, C.4964.
26th. Lieut.-Col, F. JacobB, 8.3015.
s of Company F, L.7479.
s of Companies K and L, L.7842.
New York Artillery Battalion.
1st, Battery — , near Fair Oaks, Va., June, 1862, S.443, 8.640.
New York Light Artillery.
1st. Field and Mail officers, S.2417.
New York Heavy Artillery.
2d. Fort C. F. Smith, near Washington, D. C. :
— Officers of regiment, L.7906.
— Officersof C — " " ""
— Officers of C
— Company F, L..7283.
— Company.K, L.7675.
—Company L, L.7672, 1*7673.
4th. Officers, 1-7178.
Officers in Fort Corcoran, Va, C.4103.
Col. T. D. Doubleday, 8.1874.
Col. H. H. Hall, 8.1921.
Col. J.C. Tidball, C.4586.
Surg. G. Bayles, 8.1379.
6th. Camp at Brandy Station, Va., April, 1864, L.7266.
7th.,.Col. L. O. Morris, 8.2602.
9th. Company M, previously 22d New York Battery, L.7818.
13th. Camp in front of Petersburg, Va., 6.2495, 8.2496.
14th, Col. E. G. Marshall, 8.2174.
15th. Officers of Third Battalion, L.7743.
Lieut-Col. A. Senges, S.2168.
New York Battery.
1st. Cowan's Battery, in front of Petersburg, June, 1864, 8.787,
8.2343.
3d. Capt T. P, Mott, 8.172C, 8.2100.
17th. OfficerB, L.7659.
On parade, L.7008, L.7010, L.7620.
New York Engineers.
15th. Col. J. McL. Murphy, 6.1614.
Lieut-Col. C. G. Colgate, S.1923.
Officers of regiment, C.4477.
60th. Col. W. H. Peters, 6.2145.
Col. C. B. Stuart, S.1846, 6.2143.
Maj. G. W. Ford, L.7166.
Surg. C. N. Hewitt, L.7401.
Surg. H. A. Potter, 6.3862.
At Rappahannock Station, March, 1864 :
—Field and statf officers, L.7600, L.7616.
—General view of camp, L.7275, L.7276, L.7461, 8.138.
— Stockade entrance to camp, L.7351.
—Sutler's hut L.7290.
—Quarters oilfield and staff officers, L.7293, L.7604,
11.7608.
— Quarters of line officers, L.7G14.
In/ront of Petersburg, Va. :
—Officers of regiment L.7324.
— Officers' dinner on Fourth of July, 1B64, 6.790, S.79I.
—Headquarters, L.7167, 8.1028, 8.1048.
—Colonel's quarters, L.7059, 8.1047.
— Surgeon's quarters, L.7233.
—Officers' quarters, L.7210, L.7213, 8.344, 8.1028, 8.3338.
—Church, £.7161, L.7932, 8.345, 8.3339, 8.3340.
— Commissary department, L..706O.
New York Infantry.
1st. Col. W. H. Allen, 8.1735.
ABB't Surg. A. C. Benedict, S.1458.
3d. Col. J. E. Mulford, 8.2110.
5th. Col. F. Winthrop, 8.1927.
Maj. C. Boyd, 8.1450.
Surg. S. Van Etten, 8.3831.
Chaplain G. Wlnslow, 6.1692.
Lieut. J. 8. York, S.1699.
6th. Col. W. Wilson, 8.1382.
Maj. W. Newby, S.1631.
Ass't Surg. P. C. Pease, 8.2205.
Lieut. A. D'Orville, 8.2112.
7th. Col. George Von Shack, C.4981.
8th. Capt. M. Kron, B.3861.
9th. Col. R. C. Hawkins, 8.1611.
Lieut-Col. G. F. Betts, 8.1635.
Maj. E. A. Kimball, 6.3862.
Lieut. R. McKechnie, 8.1495.
10th. Col. J. E. Bendix, 6.3201.
Col. W. W. McChesney, 8.1737.
Lieut.-Col. A. B. Elder, 8.3868.
11th. Col. E. E. Ellsworth, 8.3175.
Lieut-Col. N. L. Farnham, 8.1624-
Lieut.-Col. S. H. Stafford, 8.2144.
Maj. J. A. Creiger, 8.1627.
Francis E. Brownell, 6.1494.
13th. Maj. C. L. Terry, 8.1981.
14th. Col. J. McQuade, 6.3824.
16th. Surg. W. B. Crandall, S.2156.
17th. Col. H.S.Lansing, 6.1695.
Maj. C. A. Johnson, 6.2254.
Camp and regiment, C.4641.
20th. Col. F. Salm Salm, 8,3785.
Lieut. -Col. F. Weiss, S.1637.
23d. Col. H. C. HofTman, C.5163.
Surg. W. A. Madill, 8.1419.
34th. Col. T. Sullivan, 6.1810, 8.3744.
25th. Col. C. A. Johnson, S.1857, 8.2254.
Maj. H. F Savage, S.2007.
26th, Col. W. H. Christian, 6.2138.
Lieut-Col. R. H. Richardson, 8.3724.
On parade, 0.4629, C.4545.
27th. Lieut-Col. A. D. Adams, 6.1964.
Maj. C. C. Gardiner, 8.1703.
29th. Col. A. VonBteinwehr, 8.2128.
31st, MaJ. A. Razenski, 8.2123.
32d. Col. R. Matheson, 8.3022.
33d. Field and Btaff officers, C.4642.
35th. Col. W. B. Lord, 8.3782.
Maj. J. G. Todd, 8.1941.
Company — , 8.2422.
37th. Col. S. B. Hayman, 8.3058.
Capt. W. De Lacy, 8.2263.
39th. Col. F. G. D'Utassy, 8.1490, 8.2184.
Lieut.-Col. A. Ripetti, 8.1644.
Lieut. L. Tenner, 8.1628.
40th. Col. E. Riley, 8.1898.
Surg. J. E. Dexter, 8.1888.
41et. Col. L. Von Gilsa, 8.2649.
Capt A. Weiss, 8.2261.
Company C, Manassas, Vft., July, 1862, L.7617.
42d. Col. E. C. Charles, 8.2005.
Col. J. E. Mallon, 8.1522.
Maj. P. J. Downing, 8.2106.
44th. Officers of regiment, 0.4227.
Camp of regiment, near Alexandria, C.4069, 0.4172, C.4173,
45.4192, C.4230, 0.4231, 0.4086, 0.4186.
Flag of regiment, 6.1504.
45th. Col.G. Von Amsberg, 6.3243.
46th, Col. J. Gerhardt, 8.3097.
Capt. H. BrandenBtein, 8.1824.
48th. Col. W. B. Barton, 8.1604.
Col. J. H.Perry, 8.1778.
51st, Col. C. W. Le Gendre, 6.1527.
52d. Col. P. Frank, 6.3001.
55th. Lieut.-Col. L. Thourot, 8.2147.
Maj. F.Jehl, 6.1949.
Officere of regiment, C.4560.
Camp at Fort Gaines, C.4071, C.4644.
57th. Lieut-Col. J. W. Britt, 8.1648.
Lieut.-Col. A. B. Chapman, S.1398.
58th. Capt. A. Maluski,S.3778.
59th. Col. W. A. Olmstead, 6.3088.
60th. Officers of regiment at Fauquier Springs, Va., August,
1862, 8.638, 8.539.
61st, At Falmouth, Va., April, 1863:
—Officers of regiment, L.7630, L.7531.
—Drum Corps, X.7620.
—Company D, L.7313.
— Company G, L.7664.
—Company K.I..7556.
62d. Col. J. L. Riker, 6.2129.
Lieut.-Col. O. V. Dayton, 8.1777, 8.2065.
Surg. G. B. F. Simpson, 6.3805.
63d. Col. Henry Fowler, 6.1906.
Officers of regiment, L.7542.
65th. Col. J. E. Hamblin, 8.1476, 8.2160.
MaJ. H. G. Healey, 8.1421,
66th. Lieut-Col. J. S. Hammell, 8.2671.
67th. Col. J. W. Adams. 8.2092.
Camp near Washington, D. C, in 1861, C.4546, C.4114,
0.4115, 0.4116.
68th. Col. R. J. Betge, 6.2132.
Col. G. Bourri, 8.1519.
Lieut-Col. A. Van Steinhauser, 8.1780.
Maj. C. Van Wedeil, S.1836.
69th. Col. R. Nugent, 8.3866.
Lieut-Col. James Bitgley, 8.1856.
Officers of regiment,X.7642.
70th. Col.J. E. Farnum,1385.
71et, Regiment od parade at camp near Miner's Hill, Va-, S.2415.
Group of Company G, 8.2413.
72d. Col. W. 0. Stevens, S.1606, 8.1845.
Lieut-Col. Israel Moses, 8.1798.
Surg. C. K. Irwine, 8.279, 8.3821.
73d. Col. W. R. Brewster, 8.1842.
75th. Col. J. A. Dodge, 8.3869.
76th. Adjt. H. F. Robinson, 8.1832.
77th. Col. J. B. McKean, S.2178.
79th. Col. J. Cameron, 8.1637.
Col. D. MorrlBon. 8.3106.
Maj. F. A. Hagadorn, 8.1700.
80th. Col. J. B. Hardenburgh, 8.1715.
Col. G. Pratt, 8.1843.
Lieut.-Col. T. B. Gates, 8.1827.
Capt. T. Alexander, t.7605.
Officers of regiment, Culpeper, Va., September, 1863,
1.7071, L.7373, S.278.
82d, Col. G. W. B. Tompkins, 8.1402.
Maj. J. J. Dimock, 8.1393.
83d. Col. J. W. Stiles, 8.1490.
Adjt. J. B. Coppinger, 8.1514.
84th. Col. E. B. Fowler, S.8801.
Col. A.M. Wood, 8.2133.
80th. Lfeut.-Col. A. J. Wellman, 8.1804.
80th. Col. B. P. Bnlley, 8.1866.
87th. Capt. 8. F. Knight, 8.1696.
83d. Col. J. S. Crocker, C.4673.
Col. J. M. McCarter, 8.2137.
Maj. A. L. Cossldy, S.2187, 8.3068.
At Antietam, Aid., September, 1862, I..7938, L.7941.
—Field and staff officers, 8.630.
— Commissioned and non-commissioned staff, L.7011,
8.284.
—Company A, t.7610, L.7512.
—Company B, L.7453, L.7506.
—Company C. L.745I, L.7592.
—Officers and n on -commissioned officers of Company I',
L.7458, L.7639.
—Company D, L.7462, L.7691.
— Officers' "mesB," Company D, 8.218.
— Non-commissioned officers' "mess," Company I>, 8.217.
—Company E, L.7455, L.7460.
—Officers' " mess," Company E, S.225.
— Compuny F, L.T454, L.7694.
— Officers' "mess," Company F, 8.220.
— Company G. L..745G, L.7459.
—Officers and non-commissioned officers of Company I,
L.75U.
—Company It. 7457, L.7593.
—Company h, L.7009, L.7036, L.7508.
—Drum Corps, L.7514, L.7565.
—Views of camp, 8.219, 8.824, 8.826, 8.827, 8.828.
04th. Cot. A. R. Root, 8.3214.
00th. Col. G. H. Biddle, 8.1800.
06th. Col. J. Fairman, 8.2232.
07th. Col. J. P. Spofford, S.1348.
00th. Col. J. O'Mahoney, 8.2104.
100th. Col. J. M. Brown, S.2G03.
102d. Chaplain J. F. Sutton, 8.2189.
103d. Col. B. Rlngold, 8.3010.
loath. Col. B.F. Tracy, 8.1607.
106th. Llout.-Cot. C. Townsend, S.1659.
107th. Col. A. 8. Diven, S.1852.
1 10th. Col. D. C. Littlejohn, C.4662.
111th. Col. C. D. MeDougall, 8.1340, S.1449, 8.2060.
116th. Col. G. M. Love, S.2043.
118th. Col. G. F. Nichols, 8.1397.
110th. Col. E.Peisenor, 8.3179.
120th. Col. G. H. Slinrpe, C.4588.
Lieut.-Coi. C. D. Westbrook, S.1354.
121st. Maj. E. Olcott, 6.H10.
124th. Col. A. V. H. Ellis, S.2093.
Lieut.-Col. F. M. Cummins, S.13G6, S.1621.
125th. Col. G. L. Willard, 8.1525.
133d. Lieut-Col. A. J. Allaire, S.1917.
134th. Col. C. Coster, S.3193.
141st. Col. 9. G. Hathaway, 8.1448.
Surg. J. W. Robinson, 8.1434.
143d. Col. H. Boughton, 8.2035.
144th. Col. R, S. Hnghston, 8.3759.
110th. Col. E. L. Price, S.1388.
146th. Col. D. Jenkins, 8.1763.
153d. Col. E. P. Davis, S.3206.
Lieut. J. B. Neil], C.4310.
Officers of regiment, C.4291.
Officers of Company — , C.4320.
Company — , C.4281.
104th. Llent.-Col. D. B. Allen, 8.1444,
Lieut.-Col. H. C. Loomis, 8.3734.
156th. Col. J. Sharp, S.3730.
108th. Col. J. Jonrdan, 8.1962.
159th. Col. E. L. Molineux, C.4586.
162d. Col. L. Benedict, 1709.
164th. Col. J. P. McMahon, C.4319.
Lieut.-Col. W. J>e Lacey, 8,3226.
Officers of regiment, 0.4312.
Company — , 0.4297.
Guard mounting, C.4396.
Surgeon's quarters, C.4426.
169th. Col. A. Alden, 8.3062.
Col. Clarence Buell, 8.3740.
Col. J. McConihe, S.1359.
170th. Officers of regiment, C.4280, C.4282, C.3626.
Company — , C.4316.
Company — , 0.4348.
175th. Lieut. -Col. J. A. Foster, 8.1558, S.1C05, 8.1796.
179th. Surg. J. W. Robinson, 8.1434.
182d. Col. M. Murphy, 8.1679.
New York Militia.
7th. Col. M. Lefferts, 8.1669.
Adjt. J. H. Liebenau, 8.1664.
Surg. T. M. Cheeseman, 8.1491.
Assl Surg. Tuthlll, 8.1584.
Commissary W Patten, 8.1668.
Paymaster M. Howland, 8.1689.
Quartermaster L. W. Winchester, 8.1594.
Chaplain S. H. Weston, 8.1674.
Capt. W. P. Bensel, 8.1671.
Capt. E. Clark, 8.1684.
Capt. J. Price, 8.1533.
Capt. H. C. Shumway, S.1590.
Capt. W. A. Spaight, 8.1672.
Lieut. C. B. Babcock, 8.1686.
Lieut. J. A. Baker, 8.1665.
Lieut. J. W. Bogert, S.1588.
Lieut. C. B. Bostwick, 8.1662.
Lieut. T. B. Bunting, 8.1663.
Lieut. C. Corley, 8.1570.
Lieut. W. Gurney, 8.1585.
Lieut. G. T. Haws, 8.1493.
Lieut. J. Wickstead 8.1666.
Lieut. J. B. Young, 8.1615.
Sergt.-Maj. R. C. Rathbon, 8.1472.
Sergt. J. J. Morrison, 8.1486.
Sergt. S. 0. Ryder, S.1488.
8th. Col. G. Lyon, S.2107.
Group of officers, Camp McDowell, Va., C.4104.
Officers and non-com missioned officers of Company -
C.4U2.
Engineer company, C.4137.
Company A, 0.4541.
Drum Corps, C.4540.
12th. Lieut.-Col. W. G. Ward, 8.1661.
Maj. Bostwick, 8.1767.
Engineer company, C.4138.
22d. Lieut.-Col. L. Aspinwall, 8.3733.
Officers of regiment, C.4010.
Adjutant and First Sergeants, C.4135.
Company — , C.4194.
Company — , C.4134.
Groups, C.4155, C.41C3, 0.4186.
23d. Col. Wm. Everdell, S.1404.
69th. Lieut. E. K. Butler, 8.2255.
Sunday services in camp, 8.3713.
71st. Group of officers, Washington Navy-yard, C.4105.
Col. Bostwick, S.1678.
Ohio Cavalry,
Oth. Lieut.-Col. W. Stough, C.4594.
Battery I, Oliio Light Artillery.
Capt. H. Dtlger, 8.3177.
Ohio Infantry.
6th. Col. N. L. Anderson, C.3004.
12th. Col. C. B. White, C.3227.
10th. Col. C. F. Manderson, 8.3112.
2flth. Col. W. P. Richardson, S.1510.
28th. Col. A. Moor, 8.2651.
31st. Col. M. B. Walker, S.3238.
41st. Col. W. B. Hazen, 8.2126.
44th. Col. S. A. Gilbert, C.6048.
46th. Maj. H. H. Gilsy, S.3190.
61st. Col. S. J. McGroarty, 8.2079.
66th. Col. C. Candy, S.2181.
73d. Lieut.-Col. S. H. Hurst, 8.1438.
114th. Col. J. Cradlebough, S.1775.
120th. Group of officers, C.4325
Company B, C.4324.
Company C, C.4329.
Company H, C.4330.
Band, C.4328,
126th. Col. B. F. Smith, S.17U.
136th. Lieut.-Col. D. A. Williams, 8.1795.
176th. Col. E. C. Mason, S.1861.
181st. Col. J. O'Dowd, S.3208.
Pennsylvania Cavalry.
1st. Col. 0. Jones, 8.1938.
Lieut.-Col. J. Higglns, S.1368.
3d. Group of officers at Westover Landing, Va., 0.4632.
Group of officers, C.4106.
Camp at headquarters Army of Potomac, February, 1865,
L.7298.
Company D, Brandy Station, March, 1864, L.7389.
Lieut. J. W. Ford and Lieut. A. M. Wright, August, 1862,
8.623.
Field and staff officers, L.7676, 8.635.
Lieut.-Col. 8. W. Owen, caught napping, 8.626.
4th. Col. D. Campbell, 8.1724.
Col. G. H. Covode, 8.1848.
Col. 8. B. M. Young. C.4716.
Lieut.-Col. J. H. Childs, 8.1869.
Field and staff officers at Westover Landing, AugUBt, 1862,
X..7474, 8.629.
5th.
6th. Company I, Falmouth, Va., June, 1863, L.7140.
8th. Maj. A. G. Enoa, S.215S.
Oth. Col. T.J. Jordan, C.4712.
11th. Col. F. A. Stratton, C.4719.
Col. S. P. Spear, 8.3072.
Maj. N. M. Runyon, S.1984.
13th. Maj. G. F. McCabe, 8.1617.
14th. Maj. T. Gibson, 8.1643.
16th. Lteut.-Col. L. D. Rogers, S.1441.
18th. Regimental camp, February, 1864, L.7650.
20th. Col. J. E. Wynkoop, 8.1818.
21st. Col. 0. B. Knowles, C.4707.
Pennsylvania IJght Artillery.
1st. Battery B, C.4114, C.4139.
Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery,
2d. Company I in Fort Slemmer, C.4532.
3d. Col. Joseph Roberts, C.4721.
Field and staff officers, L.7486.
On parade, L.7058, L.7423.
Pennsylvania Battery E (Knapp'e).
At Antietam, Md., September, 1862, 8.577.
Capt. J. M. Knapp, S.1790.
Pennsylvania Infantry.
11th. Col. Richard Coulter, C.4724.
20th. Lieut.-Col. C. Parham, S.1342.
30th. Col. W. C. Talley, 8.1539.
View of camp, C.4160.
Company A, C.44S5.
Company B, C.4+59.
Company — , C.4466.
Company — , C.4484.
Company — , 0.4493.
Drum Corps, C.4491.
31st. Camp on Queen's farm, near Fort Slocum, Va.. 8.2409,
S.2410, 8.2411, 8.2412.
Camp scenes, S.24l>4, 8.2405, 8.2406.
Group of officers, 8.2407.
Captain and First Sergeant of Company — , S.2408.
Lleut.-Col. G. A. Woodward, 8.1405.
32d. Adjt. A. H. Jameson, 8.1837.
33d. Company B, 8.2418.
34th. Maj. G. Dare, S.2159.
35th. Col. W. H. Ent, 8.3266.
Col. W. Sinclair, 8.1540.
36th. Company H, C.4534.
Camp, C.4549.
37th. Col. S. M. Bailey, 8.1854.
Flag of regiment, 0.4436.
30th. Col. J. S. McCalmont, S.1899.
40th. Col. 8. M. Jackson, 8.3728.
45th. Col. J. J. Curtin, S.2038.
46th. Col. J. L. Selfridge, 8.1461.
48th. Col. G. W. Gowan, 8.2624.
Col. J. K. Sigfried, 8.2621.
Lieut.-Col. H. Pleasants, 8.2G22.
50th. Lieut.-Col. S. K. Schwenk, L.7668.
Maj. G. W. Brumm, L.7271.
Lieut. L. Carter, L.7410.
Lieut. J. I. Eckel, L.7359.
Regiment on parade, at Beaufort, 8. C, 1862. 8.156.
Regiment on parade, at Gettysburg, Pa., July, 1865, L.7025,
L.7027.
Officers of regiment, at Gettysburg, Pa., July, 1865, 1..7225,
L.7230.
51st. Lieut.-Col. T. S. Bell, S.3737.
52d.
53d.
56th.
58th.
61st.
62d.
63d.
60th.
7 1st.
72d.
73d.
75th.
79th.
82d.
83d.
84th.
85th.
00th.
03d.
96th.
97th.
98th.
100th.
101st.
103d.
104th.
105th.
106th.
110th.
114th.
Col. Henry M. Hoyt, 0.4722.
Col. W. M. Mintzer, 8.3229.
Col. J. W. Hoffman, C.5154.
Lieut,-Col. C. Clay, 8.3000.
Col. G. F. Smith, 8.1369.
Lleut,-Col. J. B. Sweitzer, 8.1721.
Surg. W. H. Worthington, 8.3841.
Field and staff officers, L.7267.
Maj. James O'Reilly, 8.2197.
Col. E. D. Baker, 8.1459.
Col. D. C. Baxter, 8.3014.
Col. J. A. Koltas, 8.1734.
Col. F. Mahler, 8.1789, 8.3743.
Col. John S. Littell, C.4718.
123d.
132d.
143d.
145th.
148th.
140th.
150th.
166th.
195th.
198th.
207 th.
208th.
Col. H. A. Hambright, 8.3204.
LIeut,-Col. Frank Vallee,S.2146.
Col. 8. Vincent, 8.3188.
Col. S. M. Bowman, 8.1513.
Surg. J. B. Laidley, 8 .3844.
Col. P. Lyle, 8.3018.
Lieut.-Col. J. W. Johnston, 8.2183.
Col. H. L. Cake, 8.1817.
Group of officers, C.4633.
Col. Henry R. Guss, C.4703.
Col. J. F. Ballier, 8.2027.
Col. David Leasure, C.4714.
Surg. D. G. Rush, 8.2244.
Col. T. F. Lehmann, 8.3814.
LIeut.-CoI. W. C. Maxwell, S.1365.
■ Col. W. W. H. Davis, C.4723.
, Maj. M. M. Dick, 8.1725.
. Col. T. G. Morehead, S.586.
. Company C, after the battle of Fredericksburg, 0.4195.
At Brandy Station, March, 1864:
—View of camp, L.7308, 1..7612.
—Guard mounting, L.7013, L.7944, 8.134.
— Officers of regiment, L..7137, L.7i:w, L.7310, 8.700;;.
—Officers of Company — , L.7144, L.7146, L.7173.
—Band, L.7346, L.7611.
—Company F, L.70O3, L.7038, L.7143, L.7176, L.7447.
—Company G, L.7198, L.7348.
—Company H, L.7077, L.72G2, L.7263.
At Headquarters Army of Potomac, August, 1804:
—Officers, L.7137, L.7138, L.7316. L.7602.
—OfBcers of Company—, 1.7144, L.7145.
—Capt. J. 8. Crawford, L.7037, L.7173.
Lieut.-Col. Gideon Clark, C.4720.
Officers of regiment, C.4290.
Officers and non-commissioned officers, 0*4428.
Company—, C.4334.
Company — , 0.4376.
Surg. H. F. Martin, 8.1392.
Col. V. M. Wilcox, 8.1409.
Major J. E. Shreve, S.1440.
Officers of regiment, 0.4288, 0.4346.
Field and start' officers. 0.4328.
Regiment on parade, C.4306.
Company—, C.4302.
Company—, C.4339.
Company — , C.4341.
Company —,0.4367.
Company — , 0.4368.
Company — , 0.4371.
Company — , 0.4173.
Col. E. L. Dana, 8.3748.
Col. H. L. Brown, 8.3107.
Col. J. A. Beaver, 0.4715.
Col. Roy Stone, 8.3103.
Company D, in front of Petersburg, November, 1864,
1.7047, L.7388.
Camp, March, 1863, 8.297.
Col. A. L. Pearson, 8.3210.
Col. J. W. Fisher, 8.3040.
Col. H. G. Sickel, C.4706.
Col. Robert C. Cox, C.47I3.
Col. A. B. McCalmont, 8.1356.
Bhode Island Cavalry.
Col. R. B. Lawton, S.3727.
Bhode Island Light Artillery.
Officers of regiment, July, 1862, 8.649.
Chaplain T. Quinn, 8.1780.
Bhode Island Heavy Artillery.
Col. W. Ames, 0.4666.
Rhode i i-i i-i-i Infantry,
lit. Col. A. E, Burnside itnd officers, C.4100.
Chaplain A. Woodbury, S.1G39.
Group of Company D, C.4128.
2d. Col. Horatio Rogers, C.4082.
Officers of regiment, 0.4537.
Capt. C. G. Dyer, S.1G8U.
Camp near Washington, D. C, in 1861, C.4113.
3d. Col. N. W. Brown, C.4069.
9th. Ltenl.-Coi. J. II. Powell, S.1343.
11th. Headquarters of Company F, Miner's Hill, Va., C.4340.
Tennessee Cavalry.
lBt. Col. J. P. Brownlow, 8.3077.
United States Engineer Battalion.
At Brand;/ Station, Va,, March, 1864 :
—View of camp, 1.7810, L.7433, L.76G0.
—Officers' quarters, L.71W.
—Quarters ••{ Company D, L.7005.
Injront of Petersburg, Va., August, 1864:
— Headquarters, I..7b65.
—Company A, L.7002, L.7381, L.7386.
— Company ii, L.7UUU, L.7219, L.7613, L.7647, L.7660,
L.7670.
—Company 0, 1,7608, L.7G47.
—Company D, L.7U54, L.7387, L.7648.
— Essayon's Dramatic Club, L.733G, L.7439.
—Detachment In city of Petersburg, April, 1806, L.7188,
L.7434.
United States Cavalry.
2d. MaJ. C. J. Whiting, 9.1410.
Capt. G. A. Gordon, S.1482.
6th. Capt, H. B. Hays, S.2007.
United States Artillery.
2d, Capt. J. M. Robertson, C.5142.
Officers of Battery A (Tidbali's), near Fair Oaks, Va.,
June, 18D2, S.435.
Officers of Battery 11 (Robortson's), near Fair Oaks, Va.,
June, 18G2, S.440.
Battery B (Robertson's), near Fair Oaks, Va., June, 1862,
S.439.
Battery B (Robertson's), at Gettysburg, Pa., L.7192.
Battery D, C.4212.
Flag of Battory D, C.4610.
Battery M (Benson's), near Fair Oaks, Va,, June, 1362,
S.433, S.C41.
Battery M (Benson's), Culpeper, Va., September, 1863,
L.7245.
3d. Officers of Battery C (Gibson's), near Fair Oaks, Va.,
June, 18C2, 8.432.
Battery C (Gibson's), near Fair Oaks, Va., June, 1802, S.431.
4th, Battory A, Culpeper, Va., September, 1863, L.7334.
fith. Lleut.-Col. B. H. Kill, S.2046.
Capt. Charles Griffin, S.1373.
United States Infantry.
1st. Col. C. A. Walte, S.2070.
Lieut. J. D. De Russy, S.1698.
2d. Col. S. Burbank, S.3101.
3d. Officers of regiment, June, 1805, 1.73(16, L.739B.
Col. B. L. E. Bonneville, S.1968.
4th. Lleut.-Col. T. Morris, S.3769.
5th. Lleut.-Col. T. L. Alexander, S.1381.
6th. Col. H. Day, 8.3793.
Col. W. Seawell, S.1474.
Capt. J. B. S. Todd, 8.1336.
8th. Provost guard, at headquarters Army of Potomac, Fairfax
Court House, June, 1863, 1.7503.
Col. J. Garland, S.1329.
Col. W. J. Worth, 8.1316.
9th. Lieut. E. Pollock, S.2200.
10th. Col. H. B. Clitz, S.1521.
Lieut.-Col. W. H. Sidell,S.2615.
Lieut. G. W. Vanderbiit, 8.2260.
14th. Officers of regiment, March, 1862, L.7973.
Col. C. S. Lovell, S.3234.
Capt. J. D. O'Connoll, 8.3270.
18th. MaJ. J. H. King, 8.2009.
16th. Capt. F. M. Bache, 8.2439.
Capt. R. P. Barry, 8.3871.
17th. Maj.W. H.Wood, 8.3830.
Lieut. N. PrJne, S.2199.
United States Sharp sh voter ■.
1st. Col. H. Berdan, S.3771.
2d. Col. H. A. V. Post, S.3731.
Lieut.-Col. H. R. Stoughton, S.1C20.
Adjt. L. C. Parmalee, 3.1825.
United States Veteran Reserve Corps.
3d. Col. F. D. Bewail, 8.3763,
7th. Lieut.-Col. J. B. Callis, C.4740.
9th. In Washington, D. C, Mav, 1S65 :
—On parade, L.7680, 1.7881.
—Band, 1.7807, 1.7808.
—Band quarters, 1.7854, 1.7868.
—Company A, 1.7G70.
10th, In Washington, D. C, May, 1865;
— BaDd, 1.7865, 1.7879.
—Drum Corps, 1.7688.
—Company A, 1.7742,
—Company B, 1.7677, 1.7892.
—Company C, 1.789G, 1.7898.
—Company D, 1.7905.
—Company E, 1.7810.
—Company F, 1.7910.
—Company 11, 1.7809,1.7911.
—Company 1, 1.7804, 1.7806.
—Company K, 1.7805.
— Non-cumnmsioned officers of Company H, 1.7802.
14th. Col. S. D. Oliphant, S.3796.
19th. Col. O. V. Dayton, S.1777, S.2066.
22d. Maj. J. R. O'Beirne, S.3269.
26th. Lieut.-Col. B. P. Runkle, S.17G2.
United States Veteran Volunteers.
8th. Parade of regiment, Washington, D. C, March, 1864,
1.7813.
United States Colored Cavalry
4th. Col. J. G. Wilson, S.1816, S.1868.
United States Colored Infantry.
1st. Camp and regiment, 1.7013.
4th, Officers of regiment, Fort Slocum, near Washington, D. C,
1.7G89.1.7861.
Company E, Fort Lincoln, near Washington, D. C, 1.7890.
7th. Col. James Shaw, C.4730.
8th. Col. S. C. Armstrong, S.1920.
14th. Col. H. C. Corbin, S.2617.
17th. Col. W. R. Siiafter, S.2604.
24th. Col. 0. Brown, C.49S4.
27th. Col. A. M. Blackman, S.2042.
28th. Col. C. S. Russell, S.321I.
35th. Col. J. C. Beecher, S.14U6.
37th. Col. N. Goff, S.3035.
39th. Field and staff officers, in front of Petersburg, Va.,
September, 1864, 1.7051, 1.7052.
43d. Col. S. B. Yeoman, S.2669.
45th. Col. U. Doubleday, S.3213.
79th. Col. J. M. Williams, C.459G.
83d. Col. S. J. Crawford, C.4784.
100th. Col. R. D. Mussey,S.2606.
103d. Col. S. L. Woodford, C.5098.
107th. At Fort Corcoran, near Washington, D. G, November, IS65:
—Officers of regiment, 1.7684.
— Guard and guard-house, 1.7841.
—Band, 1.7861.
109th. Col. 0. A. Bartholomew, S.2614.
119th. Col. C. G. Bartlett, S.3091.
United States Treasury Battalion.
Officers of battalion, Washington, D. C, April, 1865, L.7850.
Vermont Cavalry.
1st. Lieut.-Col. A. W. Preston, S.1761.
Vermont Heavy Artillery,
1st. Lieut.-Col. R. C. Benton, 8.1355.
Lieut.-Col. G. E. Chamberlain, 8.3735.
Vermont Infantry.
3d. Col. B. N. Hyde, S.3770.
5th. Col. H. A. Smalley, 8.3729.
6th. Col. E. L. Barney, 8.1083.
Col. N. Lord, 8.1731.
Col. O. L. Tuttle, 8.1802.
Lieut.-Col. A. P. Blunt,S.1813.
Surg. C. M. Chandler, S.2148.
Views of Camp Griffin, near Washington, D. C, in 186L
C.4787, C.4117, C.4118.
Company A, C.4119.
Company D, C.4120.
Company E, C.412I.
Company F, C.4122.
Company G.C.4123.
Company H, C.4124.
Company I, C.4125.
Company K, C.4126.
9th. Col. E. H. Ripley, 8.3113, S.3114.
10th. Col. A. B. Jewett, S.2165.
12th.
13th.
15th,
17th.
1st.
3d.
4th.
5th.
6th.
16th.
18th.
21st.
24th.
25th.
Vermont Infantry.— Continued.
Col. A. P. Blunt, S.1S13.
Col. F.V. Randall, S.1445.
Lieut.-Col. A. C. Brown, S.1463.
Lieut.-Col. R. Farnham, Sll479.
Maj. C. F. Spaulding, S.1396.
Surg. C. P. Frost, S.1447.
Col. F.V.Randall, S.1445.
Lieut.-Col. C. Curamings, S.1468.
West Virginia Cavalry.
Lieut.-Col. C. E. Capehart,S.1623.
Col. D. H. Strother, S.3723.
Lieut.-Col. S. W. Snider, S.1455.
West Virginia Infantry.
Col. W. B. Curtis, S.3224.
Wisconsin Infantry.
Col. E. O'Connor, S.3863.
Camp in front of Petersburg, Va., February, 1865, 1.7543.
Col. Amasa Cobb, C.4739.
Maj. C. H. Larrabee, S.21S6.
Lieut.-Col. K. S. Bragg, S.1367.
Surg. A. W. Preston, S.3854.
Col. C. Fairchiid, S.3202.
Surg. E.J. Buek,S.3798.
Col. H. C. Hobart, S.3205.
Col. C. H. Larrabee, S.2186.
Lieut.-Col. J. M. Rusk, C.4732.
POKTRAITS OF NAVY OFFICERS.
Ammen, Commander D, C.lfi35.
Bailey, Commodore T., S. 2231.
Banknead, Commander J. P.. S.2118.
Barrett, Lieut. -Commander E , S.1037, S.3415.
Bell, Commodore C. H-, 8.2121.
Bennett, —,8.2256.
I'.k-dgett, Lieut. G. M„ S.2201.
Boggs, Capt. C. S..S.37U4.
Bieese, Commodore S. L., S.1G10.
Bullus, Capt. O., S.1032.
Campbell, Acting As-'i Surg., S.2204.
Collins, Commander N.,S.193U. y
Conroy, Acting Lieut.-Commander E., S.1657.
Cushing, Lieut,-(_'omrnander W. B., S.18G4.
Dahlgren, Rear Admiral J. A., S.1862, S.341U, S.;M17, S.3418.
Dahlgren, Rear Admiral J. A. and staff, S.34I3.
Davis, Rear Admiral C. H., C.4743.
De Kraftt.Lieut.-Commandei- J. C. P., C.5143.
Drayton, Capt. P., C.5112.
Dupont, Rear Admiral S. F.,C.4G36.
Erben, Lieut-Commander H., C.4637.
Farragut, Rear Admiral D. G., S.1561.
Faunce, Capt. J. (Revenue Marine), S.2134.
Foote, Rear Admiral A. H., S.1G00.
Freeman, Acting Master, S.2202.
Gibson, Purser J. D., C.4803.
Gilliss, Capt, J. P., C.4809.
Glisson, Capt. O. S., C.4808.
Goldsborough, Capt. J. R., S.2119.
Goldsborough, Rear Admiral L. M., C.4744.
Gregory, Rear Admiral F. H., S.1812.
Gregory, Ass't Engineer II. P., S.1690.
Gregory, Acting Master S. B., S.20W.
Gwin, Lieut. -Commander W., S.1468.
Harwood, Commodore A. A., C.4801.
Haxtun, Lf eut. -Commander M., S.2236.
Hotf, Commodore H. K., C.5113.
Howard, — , S.1603,
Hughes, Commander A. K., S.2247.
Hughes, Acting Ensign ,1. P., S.21GG.
Hull, Commodore J. B., 8.1636.
Isherwood, Engineer-in-chlef B. F., S.1S90.
Jenkins, Capt. T. A., C.4033.
.leifer;., Lieut. -Cuiiiumnder W. N., S.492.
Jones, Surg. S. J..S.380U.
KiTshner, Ass't Hurg. E., S.3810.
King, Chief Engineer J. W., C.4811.
Lnnman, Commodore J., C.6186.
Lardner, Commodore J. L., C.48<>7.
Law, Lieut-Commander R. L., C.45S2.
Levy, Capt. U. P., C.4746.
Livingstone, Commodore J. W., S.2D68.
Luce, Lieut. -Commander S. B., C..">u75.
Meade, Capt. R. W., S.165G.
Meade, Lieut.-Commander R. W., S.1579.
Morris, Commodore H. W., S.1328.
Nichols, Capt. Sylvester, 8.1701,
Nichols, Lieut. S. W., S.3857.
Nones, Capt. H. B. (Revenue Marine), S.1645.
Palmer, Commodore J. S., S.1671.
Parker, S.2240.
Parker, Lieut. -Commander James, C.5203.
PattlsOD, Lieut. -Commander T., 8.3184.
Paulding, Rear Admiral H-, 8.1324.
Perry, Capt. M. C, S.1317.
Porter, Lieut. B. H., S.1803.
Porter, Rear Admiral D. D., L.7615, S.i:t34.
Porter, Rear Admiral D. D. and staff, L.7227, L.7244, I„7641.
Porter, Acting Master W., S.1940.
Porter, Commodore W. D., S.2242.
Powell, Commodore L. M., C.4G31.
PreBton, Lieut. S. W., 8.3830.
Ransom, Commander G. M., C.4802.
Ridgely, Capt. D. B., C.4800.
Riell, Lieut. R. B., S.1089.
Ringgold, Commodore C..S.1407.
Rodgers, Commander C. R. P., 8.1675, S.3803.
Rodgers, Commodore J., S.1930.
Rowan, Commodore S. C, S.1766.
Salstonstall, Acting Lieut.-Commamler W. G., 8.2269.
Schoonmaker, Lieut. C. M., S.3415.
Sluil.rirk, Rear Admiral W. B„ S.1. r .98.
Shufeldt, Commander R. W., C.46:;2.
Skerrett, Lieut.-Commander J. S., C.4G83.
Smith, Commander A. N., 8.1822.
Smith, Hear Admiral J., S.2176.
Stewart, Rear Admiral CL S.1332.
Stockwell, Midshipman N. P;, S.I370.
Storer, Rear Admiral G. W., 8.17W.
Sirtiigliiuii, Rear Admiral 8. H., S.1768.
Thatcher, Commodore H. K., C."d87.
Trenchard, Commander S. D., S.18G5.
Van Brunt, Commodore G., S.3oa"i.
Walke, Capt. H., S.1576.
Ward, ('..mmander J. H-, 8.2ihi4.
Wheelwright, Surg. C. W., S.2258.
Whelan, Surg. W., S.5205.
Wilkes, Commodore C, C.4650.
"Winslow, Commodore J. A., S.1788.
Wise, Commander H. A., 8.1844.
Worden, Capt, J. L., C.4634.
Wright, S.1587.
Wyatt, 1st Ass't Engineer S. ('.. S.1550.
Wyman, Commander R. H-, S.1W4.
THERE are several thousand negatives in the vaults that have not yet been
catalogued. No negative is registered until its authenticity is proved
beyond a doubt. The testimony of hundreds of veterans is secured in
many instances before the locality of the negative is established. The
warriors who participated in these scenes are fast passing away and the work of
identification is progressing as rapidly as absolute accuracy will allow. At the
National Encampment at Saratoga hundreds of "unknown" negatives were iden-
tified by soldiers who saw them taken and offered their affidavits. Requests have
been received from Grand Army Posts for enlargements of the rare photographs
of Lincoln in the tent with McClellan at Antietam, of the Armies in Camp, and
other views, the existence of which has been hitherto unknown. Mr. Eaton
authorizes the enlargement of any negative for this purpose, providing that it is
to be treasured in the hall of a Grand Army Post. All requests must be sent
direct, accompanied by references, and no enlargement will be allowed until it
bears the written signature of Edward B. Eaton, Hartford, Connecticut.
DEDICATED
TO THE
AMERICAN SOLDIER
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No.J,f f Sect. G Shelf >?,
-
CONTENTS
Lincoln National Life Foundation
Collateral Lincoln Library
TVNews
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